Zamzamiyah, Ita Nabila and Prof. Ir. Sumeru Ashari,, M.Agr.Sc. Ph.D. (2020) Eksplorasi Dan Karakterisasi Tanaman Jeruk Purut (Citrus Hystrix) Di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman jeruk purut (Citrus histrix) merupakan salah satu spesies jeruk lokal yang tersebar di Asia Tenggara, termasuk Indonesia. Berdasarkan analisis kimia jeruk purut kaya akan molekul bioaktif seperti minyak esensial, senyawa fenolik, dan gliserolipida. Namun sebagian besar pemanfaatan jeruk purut masih terbatas pada daun saja. Tulungagung merupakan wilayah di Jawa Timur yang sebagian besar masyarakatnya menanam jeruk purut. Masyarakat menanam jeruk purut dipekarangan maupun dilahan tegalan secara mandiri. Pengembangan jeruk purut memiliki kendala pada teknik budidaya dan pemanfaatan hasil karena kurang mendapat perhatian dari pemerintah. Varietas yang dikeluarkan dari pemerintah juga masih terbatas. Perlu dilakukan eksplorasi diberbagai ketinggian yang berbeda untuk mengetahui adanya perbedaan morfologi serta sebagai bentuk pengelolaan sumberdaya genetik dan langkah awal konservasi untuk menjaga keberadaan tanaman jeruk purut. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah memberikan informasi persebaran dan perbedaan morfologi tanaman jeruk purut pada ketinggian topografi yang berbeda serta mengetahui preferensi konsumen terhadap tanaman jeruk purut. Hipotesis yang diperoleh informasi persebaran tanaman jeruk purut diketinggian topografi yang berbeda, adanya variasi karakter morfologi tanaman jeruk purut pada ketinggian topografi yang berbeda, dan karakter morfologi tanaman jeruk purut berdasarkan preferensi konsumen. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari-April 2020. Eksplorasi dibagi menjadi 3 wilayah yang mewakili masing-masing topografi dari dataran rendah, menengah, dan tinggi. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini antara lain meteran, penggaris, GPS (Global Positioning System), jangka sorong, kertas label, kantong plastik, cutter, kamera, alat tulis, panduan deskriptor tanaman jeruk dari IPGRI, blangko pengamatan dan kuisioner. Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah bagian tanaman jeruk purut. Tahapan pelaksanaan penelitian meliputi survei pendahuluan, survei dan penentuan lokasi penelitian, pengambilan sampel dan wawancara, dan pengamatan morfologi. Data pengamatan morfologi yang didapatkan diubah menjadi data biner. Analisis data dilakukan dengan metode Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmatic Averaging (UPGMA) menggunakan software NTSYS (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System). Hasil pengolahan data pada software NTSYS menghasilkan dendogram yang digunakan untuk menggambarkan koefisien kemiripan antar tanaman jeruk purut. Jeruk purut dapat ditemukan disetiap ketinggian yang berbeda. Hubungan kekerabatan dari 47 aksesi yang didapatkan berdasarkan keseluruhan karakter morfologi mempunyai koefisien kemiripan dengan rentang 0,68-1,00, kekerabatan daun mempunyai koefisien kemiripan dengan rentang 0,92-1,00, dan kekerabatan buah mempunyai koefisien kemiripan dengan rentang 0,62-1,00. Koefisien kemiripan yang didapatkan menunjukkan kekerabatan antar aksesi memiliki hubungan yang dekat. Terdapat perbedaan karakter morfologi pada panjang duri, bentuk sayap tangkai daun, bentuk buah, bentuk dasar buah, bentuk ujung buah, tekstur permukaan buah, dan bentuk biji
English Abstract
Kaffir lime (Citrus histrix) is one of the local citrus species spread in Southeast Asia, including Indonesia. Originally kaffir lime came from the eastern region of Assam, northern Myanmar, and western Yunnan. Then continue to develop and be cultivated by the community. Based on the chemical analysis of kaffir lime is rich in bioactive molecules such as essential oils, phenolic compounds, and glycerolipids. But the use of kaffir lime is still limited to the leaves. Tulungagung is an area in East Java where most of the people grow kaffir lime. In some districts, many farmers cultivate kaffir lime in the fields or on the dry land independently, both vegetatively and generatively. The development of kaffir lime has constraints on cultivation techniques and yield utilization because it has received less attention from the local government. Varieties released from the government are also still limited. Exploration needs to be done as a form of genetic resource management and the first step in conservation to maintain the presence of kaffir lime plants. The purpose of this study is to provide information on the distribution and morphological differences of kaffir lime plants at different topographic heights and to determine consumer preferences for kaffir lime plants. The hypothesis is obtained information on the spread of kaffir lime plants at different topographic heights, the variations in morphological characteristics of kaffir lime plants at different topographic heights, and the morphological characters of kaffir lime plants based on consumer preferences. The research was carried out in January-April 2020. Exploration is divided into 3 regions representing each of the topography of the lowlands, medium and high. The tools used in this study include a meter, ruler, GPS (Global Positioning System), calipers, label paper, plastic bags, cutters, cameras, stationery, manual descriptors for citrus plants from IPGRI, observation blanks and questionnaires. The material used in this study is the part of kaffir lime plants both vegetative and generative. The stages of conducting research include preliminary surveys, surveys, and determination of research locations, sampling and interviews, and morphological observations. Quantitative and qualitative data obtained are converted into binary data. Data analysis was performed using the Unweighted Pair-Group Method with Arithmetic Averaging (UPGMA) using the NTSYS (Numerical Taxonomy and Multivariate Analysis System) software. The results of data processing in NTSYS software produce a dendrogram that is used to describe the similarity between the accessions of kaffir lime. Kaffir lime can be found at different heights. Relation of the 47 accessions obtained based on the overall morphological character has a coefficient of similarity to the range of 0.68-1.00, the relation of the leaves has a coefficient of similarity to the range of 0.92-1.00, and the relation of the fruit has a coefficient of similarity to the range of 0.62-1.00. The similarity coefficient obtained indicates that the relation between accession has a close relationship. There are variations in morphological character namely the length of the thorns, the shape of the wings of the leaf stalks, the shape of the fruit, the basic shape of the fruit, the shape of the tip of the fruit, the texture of the surface of the fruit, and the shape of the seed
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0520040008 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Sep 2022 04:33 |
| Last Modified: | 08 Oct 2024 06:44 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/194955 |
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