Analisis Dinamika Biofilm dan Kualitas Air Selama Proses Budidaya Vaname dalam Kolam Millennial Shrimp Farming (MSF)

Susanti, Yogita Ayu Dwi and Andi Kurniawan, D.Sc., M.Eng., D.Sc and Prof. Dr. Ir. Muhammad Musa, MS (2022) Analisis Dinamika Biofilm dan Kualitas Air Selama Proses Budidaya Vaname dalam Kolam Millennial Shrimp Farming (MSF). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Millenial Shrimp Farming (MSF) merupakan salah satu teknologi untuk pengembangan budidaya vaname. MSF ini tidak memerlukan lahan, modal yang banyak dan dapat meningkatkan nilai produktivitas budidaya udang. Kendala yang di hadapi dalam pengembangan MSF salah satunya adalah manajemen kualitas air. Kualitas air pada kolam budidaya vaname dipengaruhi oleh adanya komunitas mikroba yang biasa disebut biofilm. Keberadaan biofilm dalam budidaya vaname berperan dalam siklus nutrisi dan mempertahankan kualitas air. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis dinamika biofilm dan hubungannya dengan dinamika kualitas air dalam kolam budidaya vaname dengan sistem MSF. Metode dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Lokasi penelitian di kolam Millennial Shrimp Farming bertempat di Kolam Udang Millennial Shrimp Farming milik UD. Nusantara Agro Mandiri dan pengukuran kualitas air dilakukan di Laboratorium Perikanan Air Tawar Sumber Pasir, Universitas Brawijaya dan Laboratorium Pengujian Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau (BPBAP) Situbondo. Tahapan yang dilakukan untuk pelaksanaan penelitian ini yaitu peletakan substrat geomembran sebagai media tumbuh biofilm, pengukuran kualitas air, pengambilan sampel biofilm, pengukuran properti biofilm (berat basah, kandungan air intersiti dan ketebalan biofilm), analisis Total Plate Count, analisis struktur biofilm, analisis kandungan nutrien (amonia, nitrat, nitrit dan fosfat) di dalam biofilm dan di air kolam. Adapun hasil dari penelitian ini diantaranya dari hasil pengukuran ketebalan biofilm pada kolam berkisar dari 0,00068-0,00667 gr/cm2. Hasil rata-rata nilai kadar air pada biofilm pada kolam 1, 2, dan 3 diantaranya yaitu 92%, 91%, dan 94%. Struktur pembentukan biofilm dari hasil analisi SEM dan pewarnaan diperoleh hasil yang berbeda. Kandungan ion TAN, nitrit, nitrat dan othoposfat yang ada di biofilm berkisar dari 0-7384,6 mg/l, 0 – 461,5 mg/l, 0 – 129230,8 mg/l, 0-36200 mg/l, 0-54778 mg/l. Identifikasi plankton yang ditemukan sebanyak 7 genus dari 4 kelas selama kegiatan budidaya berlangsung yaitu kelas diatom (1 genus), Chlorophyceae (4 genus), Cyanophyceace (1 genus) dan zooplankton (1 genus). Hasil TPC menunjukan kelimpahan bakteri di biofilm lebih tinggi dibandingakn di air. Hasil pengukuran parameter kualitas air diantaranya suhu (26,73 – 32,03⁰C), kecerahan (28,22 – 77,50 cm), kecepatan arus (0,1-0,4 m/s), TDS (3477 – 3843 mg/l), DO (6,30 – 9,60 mg/l), salinitas (26,13 – 35,60 ppt), BOD (6,12 – 8,68 mg/l). Adapaun hasil dari parameter kimia air yaitu TAN (0-7,93mg/l), nitrat (1,4 - 97 mg/l), nitrit (0,001-70,53), othofosfat (0,11-17,11 mg/l) dan H2S (0,001 mg/L). Kandungan ion-ion nutrien (amonia, nitrat, nitrit dan fosfat) yang ada di dalam matrik biofilm memiliki koensentrasi lebih tinggi dibandingan konsentrasi ion-ion yang ada di air. Hasil uji korelasi antara parameter kualitas air dengan kelimpahan biofilm diperoleh hasil negative (orthofosfat, pH, arusa dan TDS) dan positif (TOM, nitrat, nitrit, TAN, oksigen terlarut, suhu, salinitas, kecerahan dan BOD). Pada hasil hubungan korelasi kelimpahan plankton dan kualitas air yang bernilai positif (orthofosfat, TOM, TAN, suhu, salinitas, arus, TDS dan BOD) dan s hasil negative terdapat (nitrit, pH, nitrat, Do dan kecerahan).

English Abstract

Millennial Shrimp Farming (MSF) is one of the technologies for the development of vannamei aquaculture. This MSF does not require land or a lot of capital and can increase the value of shrimp farming productivity. However, one of the obstacles faced in the development of MSF is water quality management. Water quality in vannamei cultivation is influenced by the presence of a microbial community known as a biofilm. The presence of biofilm in vannamei cultivation plays a role in the nutrient cycle and maintains water quality. This study aims to analyze the dynamics of the biofilm and its relationship to the dynamics of water quality in vannamei cultivation ponds with the MSF system. The method in this research is the descriptive quantitative method. The research location in demo farm Millennial Shrimp Farming is located in the Millennial Shrimp Farming by UD. Nusantara Agro Mandiri and laboratorium of Perikanan Air Tawar Sumber Pasir, Universitas Brawijaya, and the Laboratory of Balai Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau Situbondo (BPBAP). The steps taken to carry out this research are laying geomembrane substrate as a biofilm growing medium, measuring water quality, taking biofilm samples, and measuring biofilm properties (wet weight, interstitial water content, and biofilm thickness), Total Plate Count analysis, biofilm structure analysis, analysis—nutrients (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate) in the biofilm and in water. This study's results include measuring the thickness of the biofilm in ranging from 0.00068-0.00667 gr/cm2. The average results of water content values in biofilms in ponds 1, 2, and 3 of them are 92%, 91%, and 94%. The structure of biofilm formation from the results of SEM analysis and staining obtained different results. The content of TAN, nitrite, nitrate and orthophosphate ions in the biofilm ranged from 0-7384.6 mg/l, 0 – 461.5 mg/l, 0 – 129230.8 mg/l, 0-36200 mg/l, 0 -54778 mg/l. The identification of plankton was found in 7 genera from 4 classes during the cultivation activity, namely the diatom class (1 genus), Chlorophyceae (4 genera), Cyanophyceace (1 genus), and zooplankton (1 genus). The TPC results showed that the abundance of bacteria in the biofilm was higher than in the water. The results of the measurement of water quality parameters include temperature (26.73 – 32.03⁰C), brightness (28.22 – 77.50 cm), current velocity (0.1-0.4 m/s), TDS (3477 – 3843 mg /l), DO (6.30 – 9.60 mg/l), salinity (26.13 – 35.60 ppt), BOD (6.12 – 8.68 mg/l). The results of the water chemical parameters are TAN (0-7.93mg/l), nitrate (1.4-97 mg/l), nitrite (0.001-70.53mg/l), orthophosphate (0.11-17.11 mg/l). l) and H2S (0.001 mg/L). The content of nutrient ions (ammonia, nitrate, nitrite, and phosphate) in the biofilm matrix has a higher concentration than the concentration of ions in water. The correlation test results between water quality parameters and biofilm abundance were negative (orthophosphate, pH, current, and TDS) and positive (TOM, nitrate, nitrite, TAN, dissolved oxygen, temperature, salinity, brightness, and BOD). The correlation between plankton abundance and water quality showed positive values (orthophosphate, TOM, TAN, temperature, salinity, current, TDS, and BOD) and negative results (nitrite, pH, nitrate, DO, and brightness).

Item Type:	Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number:	0422080007
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates
Divisions:	S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	27 Sep 2022 02:08
Last Modified:	27 Sep 2022 02:09
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/194913

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