Taqiyyah, Hana Zharifa and Nasrullah Bai Arifin, S.Pi., M.Sc. (2022) Analisis Kualitas Air terhadap Performa Pertumbuhan Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) pada Tambak Intensif. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Udang vaname merupakan komoditas unggulan budidaya yang menjadi primadona ekspor perikanan dengan total pendapatan mencapai USD 1,57 miliar. Kualitas air merupakan salah satu faktor yang menjadi kunci keberhasilan usaha budidaya udang vaname pada tambak intensif yang memiliki padat penebaran berkisar antara 80 – 120 ekor/m2. Namun, budidaya pada tambak intensif sering dihadapi masalah seperti penurunan kualitas air akibat perubahan cuaca dan lingkungan serta kematian dini udang akibat terserang penyakit. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan kontrol rutin terhadap kualitas air dan evaluasi pertumbuhan udang vaname agar tercipta kegiatan budidaya yang berkelanjutan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis hubungan kualitas air terhadap performa pertumbuhan udang vaname. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Tambak Baba Rafi, Dusun Tegaltike, Desa Batangsari, Kecamatan Sukasari, Kabupaten Subang, Jawa Barat pada 1 September - 29 Oktober 2021. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kuantitatif. Parameter yang diukur meliputi suhu, kecerahan, pH, DO, salinitias, amonia, nitrit, TOM, total bakteri, total plankton, GR, SGR, dan SR. Data kualitas air dan pertumbuhan diambil dari 6 petak pembesaran yaitu petak C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C9 untuk dianalisis dengan metode regresi linier sederhana menggunakan Microsoft Excel 365. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu perairan berkisar antara 26 – 32°C; pH 7,2 – 9,1; DO 4,2 – 7,8 mg/L; salinitas 30 – 41 ppt; amonia 0,01 – 0,168 mg/L, nitrit 0,016 – 0,192 ppm; TOM 132 – 260 ppm; TBC 21.000 – 87.000 CFU/ml; TVC 610 – 7.210 CFU/ml; dan total plankton 0,4 – 5,38 x 106 sel/ml. Rata-rata hasil perhitungan laju pertumbuhan udang vaname dari semua kolam sebesar 0,26 gr/hari, laju pertumbuhan spesifik sebesar 5,02%/hari, dan kelulushidupan sebesar 36%. Berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi, kecerahan, pH, dan salinitas berkorelasi positif dengan laju pertumbuhan udang vaname sedangkan suhu, DO, amonia, nitrit, TOM, TBC, TVC, dan total plankton berkorelasi negatif. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu kecerahan, pH, dan total vibrio paling berpengaruh terhadap laju pertumbuhan udang vaname karena berkontribusi sebesar 30,65%, 15,46%, dan 15,62%. Performa pertumbuhan udang vaname pada tambak intensif Baba Rafi sudah cukup baik namun kelulushidupan masih tergolong rendah sehingga perlu adanya pengelolaan kualitas air yang lebih tepat.
English Abstract
Whiteleg shrimp is a leading commodity for fisheries export with total revenue about USD 1.57 billion. Water quality is one of the factors that are key to the success of cultivation in intensive ponds that have high stocking density ranging from 80 – 120 fish/m2. However, there are problems remain such as decreased water quality due to changes in weather and environment and premature death of shrimp due to disease. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly control water quality and evaluate the growth of vannamei shrimp in order to create sustainable aquaculture. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between water quality and growth performance of vaname shrimp. This research was conducted in Baba Rafi Pond, Subang Regency, West Java on September 1 until October 29, 2021. Parameters measured included temperature, transparency, pH, DO, salinity, ammonia, nitrite, TOM, total bacteria, total plankton, GR, SGR, and SR. Data of water quality and vannamei growth were taken from 6 rearing ponds, namely C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C9 which were then analyzed statistically with a simple linear regression method using Microsoft Excel 365. The study results showed that water temperature is ranged from 26 - 32°C; pH 7,2 – 9,1; DO 4,2 – 7,8 mg/L; salinity 30 – 41 ppt; ammonia is 0,01 – 0,168 mg/L, nitrite 0,016 – 0.192 ppm; TOM 132 – 260 ppm; TBC 21.000 – 87.000 CFU/ml; TVC 610 – 7.210 CFU/ml; dan total plankton 0,4 – 5,38 x 106 sel/ml The average result of growth rate is 0,26 gr/day, specific growth rate is 5,02%/day, and survival rate is 36%. Based on the regression results, transparency, pH, and salinity were positively correlated with the growth rate of vaname shrimp while temperature, DO, ammonia, nitrite, TOM, TB, TVC, and total plankton were negatively correlated. In conclusion, brightness, pH, and total vibrio the most influence on the growth rate of vannamei shrimp because they contributed 30.65%, 15.46%, and 15.62%, respectively. The growth performance of vaname shrimp in Baba Rafi intensive ponds is quite good, but the survival rate is still low, precise water quality should be managed precisely.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0522080141 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Udang Vaname, Kualitas Air, Laju Pertumbuhan, Kelulushidupan,Whiteleg Shrimp, Water Quality, Growth Rate, Survival rate |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 16 Sep 2022 07:23 |
| Last Modified: | 16 Sep 2022 07:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/194332 |
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