Tepung Hidrolisat Protein Jeroan Ikan Tuna (Thunnus Sp.) Sebagai Bahan Alternatif Dalam Formula Pakan Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias Gariepinus

Nugroho, Galih Ardi and Dr. Ir. Arning Wilujeng Ekawati,, M.S and Dr. Ir. Hartati Kartikaningsih,, M.S. (2019) Tepung Hidrolisat Protein Jeroan Ikan Tuna (Thunnus Sp.) Sebagai Bahan Alternatif Dalam Formula Pakan Ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias Gariepinus. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Kegiatan industri pengolahan ikan menghasilkan sekitar 50%-70% dari berat segar produk sampingan berupa limbah dan telur dan hanya sekitar 40% produk pegolahan ikan yang dikonsumsi oleh manusia. Sementara limbah berupa jeroan ikan dengan persentase sebesar (12-18%) sangat potensial untuk dimafaatkan, karena memiliki kandungan protein dan lemak tak jenuh yang tinggi. Hidrolisat protein adalah produk yang diperoleh setelah hidrolisis protein dengan menggunakan asam, alkali, enzim dan fermentasi. Salah satu cara untuk pembuatan hidrolisat protein dengan metode fermentasi limbah jeroan ikan tuna. Oleh karena, itu perlu adanya penelitian tentang hidrolisat protein jeroan Ikan Tuna (Thunnus Sp.) dari hasil fermentasi sebagai bahan alternatif dalam formula pakan Ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus). Proses fermentasi dilakukan selama 0, 2 dan 4 hari, untuk memperoleh hasil proksimat, derajat hidolisis dan asam amino. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga ulangan berdasarkan kandungan pakan percobaan dengan iso protein 30% dan iso energi 261,20 kkal/g. Empat perlakuan substitusi tepung hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) terhadap tepung ikan yang berbeda, meliputi perlakuan A (0%), B (30%), C (60%), dan D (90%). Paremeter utama yang diamati meliputi kelulushidupan laju pertumbuhan spesifik, rasio konversi pakan, rasio efisiensi protein, retensi protein, retensi energi retensi lemak dan daya cerna nutrien. Hasil penelitian tahap 1 menunjukkan bahwa hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) dengan waktu fermentasi selama 4 hari,dengan kadar protein 56,02%, derajat hidrolisis (DH) 22,39% dan kandungan asam amino esensial tertinggi arginin 3,63 non esensial tertinggi asam glutamat 5,39. Hasil penelitian tahap 2 menunjukkan penggunaan tepung hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna dalam pakan tidak memberikan pengaruh terhadap kelulushidupan tetapi berpengaruh terhadap substitusi protein tepung hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) terhadap protein tepung ikan dengan dosis terbaik dalam formulasi pakan ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus) yaitu sebesar 48% untuk laju pertumbuhan spesifik 2,71 BB/hari; 48,63% untuk rasio konversi pakan 1,19, 48,01% untuk rasio efisiensi protein 2,87; 49,35% untuk retensi protein 39,92%; 49,64% untuk retensi lemak 37,75%; 48,79 untuk retensi energi 28,21; 53,27% untuk daya cerna protein 90,56% ; 46,03% untuk daya cerna energi 81,33% dan 49,13 untuk daya cerna lemak 86,99. Merode ferementasi dapat digunakan dalam pembuatan hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) dan berdasarkan hasil penelitian tepung hidrolisat protein jeroan ikan tuna (Thunnus sp.) sebanyak 50%, dapat dijadikan sebagai substitusi tepung ikan dalam formula pakan ikan lele dumbo (C. gariepinus)

English Abstract

ix SUMMARY Galih Ardi Nugroho. Hydrolysate Protein Tuna Viscera (Thunnus sp.) As an Alternative Ingredient Catfish Feed Formula (Clarias gariepinus) (The promotors are Dr. Ir. Arning W. Ekawati, M.S. dan Dr. Ir. Hartati Kartikaningsih, M.S.) Fish processing industry activities produce around 50% -70% of the fresh weight of by-products in the form of waste, which includes the head, skin, fins, bones, scales, innards (entrails) and eggs, depending on each species and only about 40% fish processing products consumed by humans. While the waste in the form of fish offal with a percentage of (12-18%) is very potential to be utilized because it has high levels of unsaturated fat and protein. The increasing development of the tuna processing industry (Thunnus sp.) In Indonesia causes an abundance of waste, especially fish offal, to increase and is very potential to be utilized. Utilization of fisheries industry waste in the form of fish offal can be used as a source of raw material for the production of hydrolysate proteins which later can also reduce environmental problems. Hydrolysate proteins are products obtained after hydrolysis of proteins using acid, alkali, enzymes and fermentation. One way to make protein hydrolysates is by fermentation method of waste offal of tuna. Therefore, it is necessary to research the protein hydrolysate of Tuna (Thunnus sp.) Offal from Bacillus Licheniformis as an alternative ingredient in the African catfish feed formula (C. gariepinus). The fermentation process is carried out for 0, 2 and 4 days, to obtain proximate results, the degree of hydrolysis and amino acids. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design with four treatments and three replications based on the content of experimental feed with 30% iso protein and energy iso 261,20 kcal/g. Four treatments for substituting protein flour for hydrolysate tuna (Thunnus sp.) On different fish meal include treatment A (0%), B (30%), C (60%), and D (90%). The main parameters observed included survival rate, specific growth rate, feed conversion ratio, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention, fat retention energy retention and nutrient digestibility. The results of phase 1 (one) study showed that protein hydrolysates of tuna offal (Thunnus sp.) With a fermentation time of 4 days, with protein content of 56.02%, hydrolysis degree (DH) 22.39% and the highest essential amino acid content of arginine 3.63 highest non essential glutamic acid 5.39. The results of phase 2 (two) showed that the use of protein hydrolysate flour in tuna offal did not have an effect on livelihood but had an effect on the substitution of protein for tuna hydrolysate tuna (Thunnus sp.) To fish meal protein with the best dosage in fish feed formulations African catfish (C. gariepinus) which is equal to 48% for a specific growth rate of 2.71 BB / day; 48.63% for feed conversion ratio 1.19, 48.01% for protein efficiency ratio 2.87; 49.35% for protein retention of 39.92%; 49.64% for 37.75% fat retention; 48.79 for energy retention 28.21; 53.27% for protein digestibility of 90.56%; 46.03% for energy digestibility of 81.33% and 49.13 for fat digestibility of 86.99. The method of fermentation can be used in the manufacture of protein hydrolysates of tuna fish (Thunnus sp.) And based on the research results of protein hydrolysate flour in tuna (Thunnus sp.) As much as 50%, can be used as a substitute for fish meal in dumbo catfish feed formula (C. gariepinus).

Other obstract

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Item Type: Thesis (Magister)
Identification Number: TES/639.3/FPIK/t/2019/041904266
Subjects: 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates
Divisions: S2/S3 > Magister Budidaya Perairan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan
Depositing User: Nur Cholis
Date Deposited: 18 Aug 2022 07:45
Last Modified: 18 Aug 2022 07:45
URI: http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/193333
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