Sakaroni, Rubiyatna and Rodiyati Azrianingsih,, M.Sc., Ph.D and Dr. Suharjono,, MS (2019) Identifikasi dan Studi Antagonisme Kapang Rhizosfer dan Kapang Penyebab Busuk Umbi Porang (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume). Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Umbi porang mengandung glukomanan sebagai komoditi industri pangan dan kesehatan. Pengolahan pascapanen mengalami kendala yang disebabkan oleh kapang pembusuk umbi. Salah satu alternatif untuk mengatasi pertumbuhan kapang penyebab busuk umbi porang adalah memanfaatkan kapang rhizosfer sebagai agen hayati antagonisnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi kapang pembusuk serta menganalisis sifat antagonisme kapang rhizosfer umbi porang. Kapang pembusuk umbi porang sebanyak sembilan isolat yaitu AL, AR, AT, FL, FR, FT, PL PnR, dan PtT, serta kapang rhizosfer umbi porang sebanyak 21 isolat RI1 hingga RI21 didapat dari koleksi kultur Laboratorium Mikrobiologi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Brawijaya. Kedua kelompok kapang tersebut disubkultur dan dimurnikan kembali dengan metode monospora. Isolat kapang busuk umbi diseleksi berdasarkan uji Postulat Koch. Isolat kapang rizosfer umbi porang diuji sifat antagonisnya terhadap isolat kapang pembusuk umbi porang menurut metode dual kultur. Kapang pembusuk terpilih dan kapang rhizosfer yang memiliki potensi paling tinggi menghambat kapang pembusuk umbi diidentifikasi berdasarkan similaritas sekuen daerah ITS. Isolat AL, FL, dan FR merupakan pembusuk utama umbi porang yang menyebabkan rendahnya kadar gula monosakarida yang tersisa, yaitu masing-masing glukosa 7,28 mg/mL, 8,61 mg/mL, 7,74 mg/mL; galaktosa 9,66 mg/mL, 10,53 mg/mL, 9,14 mg/mL; rhamnosa 2,05 mg/mL, 2,50 mg/mL, 2,05 mg/mL; arabinosa 4,54 mg/mL, 5,38 mg/mL, 4,47 mg/mL; manosa 5,43 mg/mL, 6,32 mg/mL, 4,90 mg/mL; dan xylosa 2,99 mg/mL, 3,54 mg/mL, 3,00 mg/mL. Tiga isolat tersebut menghasilkan kadar etanol tertinggi masing-masing 33,56 %, 34,55 %, dan 39,04 %. Tiga isolat tersebut AL, FL, dan FR secara berturut-turut teridentifikasi sebagai Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, dan Fusarium oxysporum dengan similaritas 99,6 %, 99,8 %, dan 99,8 %. Isolat kapang rhizosfer RI2 paling tinggi potensinya dalam menghambat pertumbuhan kapang patogen Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, dan Fusarium oxysporum dengan daya hambat masing-masing secara berturut-turut 68,59 %, 58,03 %, 56,87 %. Konsentrasi terendah metabolit sekunder untuk dapat menghambat kapang patogen adalah 1 g/mL. Isolat kapang rhizosfer RI2 yang memiliki potensi tertinggi dalam menghambat kapang patogen teridentifikasi sebagai Trichoderma spirale dengan similaritas 100 %.
English Abstract
Porang tuber (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) contain glucomannan as a food and health industry commodity. Main problem of post-harvest is caused by tuber rot fungi. One alternative to inhibit the growth of tuber rotted fungi is using application of the rhizosphere fungi as the antagonist biological agent. This study aimed identify and analyze antagonism properties of rhizosphere fungi and porang tuber rot fungi. Nine pathogenic fungi namely AL, AR, AT, FL, FR, FT, PL PnR, PtT isolates and 21 rhizosphere fungi namely RI1 to RI21 isolates were obtained from the culture collection of Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University. Both groups of fungi were sub-cultured and re-purified using monospore method. The tuber rotted fungus isolates were selected based on Koch's postulate test include physico-chemistry analyze. The rhizosphere fungi of porang tuber were tested for their antagonistic properties according dual culture method. The pathogenic fungi and rhizosphere fungi which have the highest potency to inhibit pathogenic fungi identified based on the similarity of ITS regional sequences. The main fungi for tuber rot were AL, FL, and FR isolates which caused the lowest monosaccharide sugar content, i.e. glucose 7.28 mg/mL, 8.61 mg/mL, 7.74 mg/mL; galactose 9.66 mg/mL, 10.53 mg/mL, 9.14 mg/mL; rhamnose 2.05 mg/mL, 2.50 mg/mL, 2.05 mg/mL; arabinose 4.54 mg/mL, 5.38 mg/mL, 4.47 mg/mL; mannose 5.43 mg/mL, 6.32 mg/mL, 4.90 mg/mL; and xylose 2.99 mg/mL, 3.5 mg/mL, 3.00 mg/mL respectively. These three isolates also produced the highest ethanol concentration of 33.56 %, 34.55 %, 39.04 % respectively. These isolates of AL, FL, and FR were identified as Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium Solani, and Fusarium oxysporum species with similarities of 99.6 %, 99.8 %, and 99.8 % respectively. The rhizosphere fungi of RI2 had highest potency 68.59 %, 58.03 %, 56.87 % respectively to inhibit the growth of pathogenic fungi Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, and Fusarium oxysporum. The lowest concentration of secondary metabolite to inhibit pathogenic fungi is 1 g/mL. This rhizosphere isolate was identified as Trichoderma spirale with 100 % similarity.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/632.4/SAK/i/2019/041904838 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.4 Fungus diseases |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Biologi, Fakultas MIPA |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2022 02:29 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2022 02:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/193093 |
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