Ariski, Tilla and Prof. Dr. Ir. Nurul Aini,, MS. (2021) Pengaruh Jarak Tanam Dan Pemangkasan Pucuk Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis sativus L.) merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura dari famili Cucurbitaceae yang banyak disukai masyarakat Indonesia karena nilai gizi mentimun yang cukup tinggi. Menurut Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Blitar (2015), mentimun masuk ke dalam 5 jenis sayuran musiman yang paling banyak dibudidayakan oleh petani di Kabupaten Blitar setelah cabai, kacang panjang, terung dan tomat. Hal tersebut menjadikan potensi pemenuhan produksi mentimun di Kabupaten Blitar cukup tinggi namun jumlah lahan budidaya yang luas harus diimbangi dengan teknik budidaya yang tepat agar produksi yang dihasilkan tinggi. Peningkatan produksi dengan perbaikan teknik budidaya diantaranya dengan pengaturan jarak tanam dan pemangkasan pucuk. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mempelajari dan mengetahui pengaruh jarak tanam dan pemangkasan pucuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman mentimun. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari-April 2021 di lahan persawahan Desa Gondang, Kecamatan Gandusari, Kabupaten Blitar. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 6 kombinasi jarak tanam dan pemangkasan pucuk sebagai perlakuan yang terdiri dari : P0 = Jarak Tanam 40 cm x 60 cm + Tanpa Pemangkasan Pucuk, P1 = Jarak Tanam 40 cm x 60 cm + Pemangkasan Pucuk Ruas ke –12, P2 = Jarak Tanam 40 cm x 60 cm + Pemangkasan Pucuk Ruas ke -15, P3 = Jarak Tanam 60 cm x 60 cm + Tanpa Pemangkasan Pucuk, P4 = Jarak Tanam 60 cm x 60 cm + Pemangkasan Pucuk Ruas ke -12, dan P5 = Jarak Tanam 60 cm x 60 cm + Pemangkasan Pucuk Ruas ke -15. Pengamatan meliputi pengamatan pertumbuhan dan pengamatan hasil. Pengamatan pertumbuhan meliputi : jumlah daun (helai), luas daun (cm2/tanaman), jumlah bunga betina (buah), jumlah bunga jantan (buah), jumlah buah yang terbentuk (buah), jumlah cabang produktif, dan persentase fruitset. Pengamatan hasil meliputi jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot buah per buah (g), bobot buah per tanaman (g), grade buah, dan hasil panen per hektar (ton/ha) serta analisis usaha tani. Data pengamatan yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5%, apabila terdapat perbedaan nyata dari pengaruh maka dilakukan uji lanjut Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf nyata 5% untuk mengetahui perbedaan antar perlakuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pemangkasan pucuk pada jarak tanam 40 cm x 60 cm nyata meningkatkan hasil pada parameter jumlah bunga betina serta jumlah buah terbentuk, sedangkan pada jarak tanam 60 cm x 60 cm pemangkasan pucuk nyata meningkatkan jumlah bunga jantan dan bobot buah per buah. Jarak tanam 40 cm x 60 cm memberikan populasi yang lebih banyak sehingga hasil panen per hektar lebih tinggi karena penggunaan lahan yang lebih efisien. Secara ekonomis berdasarkan analisis usaha tani seluruh kombinasi perlakuan memberikan keuntungan terhadap usaha tani tanaman mentimun, namun kombinasi perlakuan yang memberikan keuntungan tertinggi yaitu P2 (Jarak Tanam 40 cm x 60 cm + Pemangkasan Pucuk Ruas ke -15) dengan nilai R/C ratio sebesar 2,17
English Abstract
Cucumber plant (Cucumis sativus L.) is one of the horticultural plants of cucurbitaceae family that is widely liked by Indonesian people because of the high nutritional value of cucumbers. According to the Central Statistics Agency of Blitar Regency (2015), cucumbers are included in the 5 types of seasonal vegetables most cultivated by farmers in Blitar regency after chili, long beans, eggplant and tomatoes. This makes the potential for fulfillment of cucumber production in Blitar regency quite high but the large amount of cultivation land must be balanced with the right cultivation techniques so that the production produced is high. Increasing production by improving cultivation techniques, among others, by setting the planting distance and shoots pruning. Research aims to study and know the effect of planting distance and shoots pruning on growth and yield of cucumber plants. The research was conducted in February - April 2021 in the rice fields of Gondang Village, Gandusari Subdistrict, Blitar Regency. The research was conducted with a Randomized Block Design with 6 combinations of planting distance and shoots pruning as a treatment consisting of: P0 = Planting Distance 40 cm x 60 cm + Without Shoots Pruning, P1 = Planting Distance 40 cm x 60 cm + Shoot Pruning 12th node, P2 = Planting Distance 40 cm x 60 cm + Shoot Pruning 15th node, P3 = Planting Distance 60 cm x 60 cm + Without Shoot Pruning, P4 = Planting Distance 60 cm x 60 cm + Shoot Pruning 12th node, and P5 = Planting Distance 60 cm x 60 cm + Shoot Pruning 15th node. Observations made include observation of growth and observation of results. Growth observations include: number of leaves (strands), leaf area (cm2/plant), number of female flowers, number of male flowers, number of fruits formed, number of productive branches, and percentage of fruitsets. Observation of the results include the number of fruits per plant, the weight of fruit per fruit (g), the weight of fruit per plant (g), the grade of fruit, and the yield per hectare as well as the analysis of farming. Observation data obtained analyzed using a variety analysis (test F) at a level of 5%, if there is a real difference from the influence then conducted a further test of Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) at a real level of 5% to know the difference between treatments. The results showed that shoot pruning at a planting distance of 40 cm x 60 cm significant increased the yield on the parameters of the number of female flowers and the number of fruits formed, while at a planting distance of 60 cm x 60 cm shoot pruning significant increased the number of male flowers and the weight of the fruit per fruit. Planting distance of 40 cm x 60 cm provides more population so that crop yields per hectare are higher due to more efficient land use. Economically based on the analysis of agricultural businesses all combinations of treatments give advantages to the efforts of cucumber plant farming, but the combination of treatments that provide the highest advantage is P2 (Planting Distance 40 cm x 60 cm + Shoot Pruning 15th node) with an R / C ratio of 2.17
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040282 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Aug 2022 08:03 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Oct 2024 07:49 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192926 |
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