Efriyanti, Ninda Asda and Prof. Dr. Ir. Ludji Pantja Astuti,, M.S. and Dr. Akhmad Rizali,, S.P., M.Si. (2021) Aplikasi Fumigan Dan Uji Repelensi Ekstrak Rimpang Kunyit Terhadap Biologi Cryptolestes Pusillus (Schön) (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Beras merupakan makanan pokok masyarakat Indonesia. Kegiatan penyimpanan beras menjadi penting untuk diperhatikan karena adanya ancaman infestasi hama. Infestasi serangga hama Flat Grain Beetle Cryptolestes pusillus dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kuantitas beras simpan. Upaya yang umum dilakukan dalam pengendalian yaitu kegiatan fumigasi menggunakan metil bromida dan fosfin. Namun saat ini penggunaannya dilarang dan memberikan efek negatif bagi lingkungan serta mampu menyebabkan resistensi hama. Penggunaan bahan alami dapat dipilih sebagai alternatif penggunaan bahan kimia yang lebih ramah lingkungan salah satunya adalah ekstrak rimpang kunyit (Curcuma longa). Senyawa aktif hasil metabolit sekunder rimpang kunyit seperti ar-turmeron, α- turmeron, dan β-turmeron berperan dalam menghambat pertumbuhan serangga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji pengaruh fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit terhadap biologi C. pusillus serta sifat repelen terhadap C. pusillus. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Hama Tumbuhan, Jurusan Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan April hingga September 2021. Rerata suhu harian 27,70°C dan kelembapan harian 62,84%. Penelitian ini terdiri dari dua pengujian yaitu pengujian biologi dan pengujian repelensi. Pengujian biologi dan repelensi dilaksanakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan empat perlakuan yang diulang sebanyak lima kali. Perlakuan yang digunakan yaitu kontrol dan berbagai konsentrasi ekstrak rimpang kunyit yaitu 2 mL/L, 4 mL/L, dan 6 mL/L. Masing-masing perlakuan dicampur dengan tepung talk seberat 4 g kemudian dicetak menjadi tablet dan dimasukkan ke dalam kemasan fumigan kecuali kontrol. Pengujian biologi dilakukan dengan menginfestasikan masing-masing 30 telur, larva, pupa, dan 15 pasang imago ke dalam masing-masing tabung perlakuan yang berisi beras 30 g. Pemaparan C. pusillus pada fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit dilakukan selama tujuh hari. Variabel pengamatan pada uji biologi meliputi mortalitas dari masing- masing fase, jumlah telur yang dihasilkan, penurunan fekunditas, menghitung penurunan bobot pakan, dan penghambatan makan. Pengujian repelensi dilakukan menggunakan 10 pasang imago C. pusillus. Pengamatan uji repelensi dilakukan pada 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, dan 6 jam setelah aplikasi dengan menghitung serangga yang hadir pada area perlakuan dan area kontrol. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit berpengaruh terhadap biologi C. pusillus. Fumigan ekstrak rimpang kunyit menyebabkan mortalitas telur C. pusillus berkisar antara 98,8–100,00%, larva C. pusillus berkisar antara 34,00–88,00%, pupa C. pusillus berkisar antara 19,44– 94,44%, dan imago 1,33–100,00%, kunyit menyebabkan penurunan fekunditas berkisar antara 84,14–100,00% dan menyebabkan penghambatan makan berkisar antara 93,87–100,00%. Hasil dari pengujian repelensi menunjukkan indeks repelensi berkisar antara 48,33–84,33% dengan tingkat repelensi agak kuat hingga sangat kuat
English Abstract
Rice is the staple food of Indonesian people. Rice storage activities are important to pay attention to because of the threat of pest infestation. Infestation of the Flat Grain Beetle Cryptolestes pusillus insect pest can reduce the quality and quantity of stored rice. Efforts that are commonly carried out in control are fumigation activities using methyl bromide and phosphine. However, its use is currently prohibited and has a negative effect on the environment and can cause pest resistance. The use of natural materials can be chosen as an alternative to the use of chemicals that are more environmentally friendly. One of them is turmeric (Curcuma longa) rhizome extract. Active compounds resulting from secondary metabolites of turmeric rhizome such as ar-turmerone, α-turmerone, and β- turmerone play a role in inhibiting insect growth. This study aims to determine the effect of turmeric rhizome extract fumigant on the biology of C. pusillus and its repellent properties against C. pusillus. The research was conducted at the Plant Pest Laboratory, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya from April to September 2021. The average daily temperature was 27,70°C and humidity was 62,84%. This research consisted of two tests, namely biological testing and repelence testing. Biological and repellency tests were carried out using a completely randomized design (CRD) with four treatments which were repeated five times. The treatments used were control and various concentrations of turmeric rhizome extract, namely 2 mL/L, 4 mL/L, and 6 mL/L. Each treatment was mixed with 4 g of talc flour then molded into tablets and put into fumigant packaging except for the control. Biological testing was carried out by infesting each of 30 eggs, larvae, pupae, and 15 pairs of adults into each treatment tube containing 30 g of rice. Exposure of C. pusillus to turmeric rhizome extract fumigant was carried out for seven days. Observational variables in the biological test included mortality from each phase, number of egg, decreased fecundity, calculating weight loss, and feeding deterrent.The repellency test was carried out using 10 pairs of C. pusillus adults. Observations of the repellency test were carried out at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 hours after application by counting the insects present in the treatment area and control area. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the fumigant of turmeric rhizome extract had an effect on the biology of C. pusillus. Turmeric rhizome extract fumigant caused mortality of C. pusillus eggs ranging from 98,8–100,00%, C. pusillus larvae ranging from 34,00–88,00%, C. pusillus pupae ranging from 19,44–94,44%, and adults 1,33–100,00%, decrease in fecundity ranging from 84,14–100,00%, and also cause feeding deterrent ranging from 93,87–100,00%. The results of the replence test showed that the replence index ranged from 48,33 to 84,33% with the level of repellency being moderately strong to be very strong
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040255 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.6 Animal pests |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Jul 2022 06:54 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Jul 2022 06:54 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192810 |
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