Widiarta, Made Bayu Oka (2018) Analisis Faktor yang berhubungan dengan Perilaku Bully pada Remaja (Pendekatan Planned Behavior Theory) di SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bullying adalah suatu tindakan yang dilakukan seorang individu ataupun kelompok, yang menyalahgunakan kekuatan atau kekuasaan kepada individu lain yang lebih lemah secara fisik maupun mental. Bully istilah untuk pelaku bullying, korban adalah individu yang menjadi subyek bullying, dan reinforcer adalah individu sekitar yang menyaksikan serta ikut menikmati tindakan bullying. Survei yang dilakukan di Minesotta Amerika pada 162.034 orang anak usia sekolah dasar (SD) dan sekolah menengah pertama (SMP), diperoleh sebanyak 47% pernah melakukan tindakan bullying kepada siswa yang lain. 628 siswa sekolah menengah atas (SMA) di Jakarta, sebanyak 20,9 siswa pernah melakukan bullying di dalam lingkungan sekolah dan 12,3% lainnya pernah melakukan bullying di luar lingkungan sekolah. Pelaku ataupun korban bullying akan mendapatkan dampak negatif secara psikologis. Pada bully, dampak yang dapat muncul yaitu perilaku antisosial . Siswa yang menjadi bully menunjukkan sikap kurang empati, dominan, bersikap impulsif, dan cenderung mengajak orang lain untuk bermusuhan. Fokus penanganan perilaku bully masih pada korban, perlu diarahkan pada bully sebagai aktor utama. Diperlukan eskplorasi dan analisis faktor dengan pendekatan perilaku untuk memberi landasan teori yang kuat pada perawat untuk intervensi yang tepat. Planned Behavior Theory sebagai teori perilaku memberi pertimbangan terstrutur faktor internal dan eksternal yang mempengaruhi perilaku bully, terdiri dari sikap, dukungan keluarga, kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya, efikasi diri dan harga diri. Jenis penelitian yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan observasional analitik pendekatan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) Negeri 2 Bululawang Kabupaten Malang yang lebih dominan menjadi pelaku bullying. Jumlah sampel yang diambil yaitu sebanyak 135 orang.Teknik sampling yang digunakan Probability Samples dengan Startified Random Sampling. Hasil dari penelitian, nilai korelasi didapatkan dari kelima variabel berturut-turut yaitu sebesar 0,867, -0,493, -0,556, -0,468 dan -0,398 yang menunjukkan bahwa kekuatan hubungan sangat kuat dan arah hubungan yang positif pada variabel sikap terhadap bullying. Arah positif memiliki makna hubungan yang searah yaitu semakin tinggi sikap mendukung terhadap bullying yang dimiliki remaja, maka semakin tinggi juga perilaku bully. Pada variabel dukungan keluarga, kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya dan harga diri menunjukkan kekuatan hubungan kategori sedang, dengan arah hubungan yang negatif yang berarti berlawan arah yaitu remaja yang memiliki dukungan keluarga, kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya, dan harga diri yang baik maka akan memiliki perilaku bully yang semakin rendah. Pada efikasi diri hampir sama dengan dukungan keluarga, kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya dan harga diri tetapi efikasi diri hanya memiliki kekuatan hubungan sebesar -0,398 yang berarti bahwa kekuatan lemah dan arah hubungan yang negatif. Hasil analisis multivariat didapatkan variabel yang dominan berhubungan dengan perilaku bully pada remaja di SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang adalah sikap terhadap bullying, dukungan keluarga dan kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya. Odd Ratio (OR) dari variabel sikap terhadap bullying adalah 9,036 dukungan keluarga didapatkan Odd Ratio (OR) sebesar –1,324 dan kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya didapatkan Odd Ratio (OR) -4,058. Sebagai kesimpulan Sikap terhadap bullying berhubungan positif signifikan dengan perilaku bully. Dukungan keluarga, kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya, harga diri dan efikasi diri secara berturut-turut berhubungan negatif signifikan dengan perilaku bully . Sikap terhadap bullying, dukungan keluarga, dan kedekatan kelompok teman sebaya merupakan faktor-faktor yang paling dominan berhubungan dengan perilaku bully pada remaja di SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang. Pihak sekolah SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang, peran serta pihak-pihak terkait seperti tenaga kesehatan, dan orang tua mencegah dan menghentikan perilaku bully pada remaja, karena mengingat perilaku ini dianggap perilaku yang wajar tetapi memberikan efek yang negatif pada kesehatan jiwa seorang individu.
English Abstract
Bullying is an action done by an individual or a group by exploiting the use of power and authority to another person who is physically and mentally weaker. Bully is a term used to describe bullying offender, victim is an individual who is the subject of the bullying, and reinforcer is an individual who witnesses and enjoys the bullying. A survey conducted at Minesotta America on 162,034 primary and junior high school-aged children, obtained the result of 47% of students that had ever committed bullying to other students (Olweus & Limber, 2010). Meanwhile, in 628 high school students in Jakarta, there were 20.9% students who had conducted bullying within the school area and 12.3% had conducted bullying outside the school environment. Perpetrators or victims of bullying will be adversely affected psychologically. In bully, the impact that can arise is antisocial behavior. Students who become bully show a lack of empathy, dominance, impulsiveness, and tend to invite others to enmity. The focus of handling the bullying behavior is still focused on the victims. In fact, it needs to be directed to the bully as the main actor. It requires exploration and factor analysis with behavioral approaches to provide a strong theoretical basis for nurses appropriate interventions. Planned Behavior Theory as a behavioral theory gives a structured consideration about internal and external factors that affect bullying behavior. Consist of proximity of attitudes of adolescents,family support, peer groups, self-efficacy,and self-esteem. This research was quantitative research with cross sectional analytic observational design. The population of this research was all students of Junior High School (SMP) Negeri 2 Bululawang of Malang Regency who were dominantly become the bullying perpetrators. The number of samples taken was 135 people. This research used Probability Samples with Stratified Random Sampling. The result of this result showed that correlation value was obtained from three variables, which was equal to 0,867, -0,493, -0,556, -0,468 and -0,398 respectively, which indicated that the strength of the relationship was very strong x and indicated positive direction of the relationship on attitude variable to bullying. Positive direction had a direct relationship, it meant that the higher the supportive attitude toward bullying behavior of adolescents, the higher the bullying behavior would be. In the variable of of family support, peer group proximity and self- esteem, it was shown that the strength of the relationship was in the medium category with the negative direction of the relationship, which indicated an opposing direction relationship. The adolescents who had a close friendship in a peer group and a good self-esteem would have a lower bullying behavior. Same with family support,peer group proximity and self-esteem, the self efficacy was shown that the strength of the relationship was in the low category with the negative direction of the relationship, which indicated an opposing direction relationship. The result of multivariate analysis showed that the dominant variable related to bullying behavior in adolescents in SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang was attitude towards bullying, family support and peer group proximity. The result of analysis obtained Odd Ratio (OR) from the variable of attitude towards bullying with the value of 9.036. In the variable of family support it was found that the Odd Ratio (OR) value was –1,324 and peer group proximity, it was found that the Odd Ratio (OR) value was -4.058. In conclusion, Attitudes towards bullying were positively related to bullying behavior. Family support,peer group proximity, self efficacy and self-esteem were significantly negative in its relation to bullying behavior. Attitudes towards bullying, family support and peer group proximity were the most dominant factors associated with bullying behavior in adolescents in SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang. It is suggested to all members of SMP Negeri 2 Bululawang, the role of related parties such as health workers and parents to prevent and stop bullying behavior in adolescents because this behavior was considered as a reasonable behavior but gave a negative effect on the mental health of an individual.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/302.343/WID/a/2018/041806501 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Bully, Remaja, Planned Behavior Theory |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 302 Social interaction > 302.3 Social interaction within groups > 302.34 Social interaction in primary groups > 302.343 Bullying |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Keperawatan, Fakultas Kedokteran |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 19 Jul 2022 02:53 |
| Last Modified: | 19 Jul 2022 02:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/192262 |
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