Stellatifani K I, Agata and Dr. Ir. Bambang Dwi Argo, DEA and Angky Wahyu Putranto, STP, MP (2020) Optimasi Amplitudo dan Waktu Perlakuan Pretreatment Tandan Kosong (TKKS) dan Pelepah Kelapa Sawit (PKS) dengan Ultrasonik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pengolahan biomassa menjadi bioetanol dapat memanfaatkan bahan baku berupa biomassa lignoselulosa. Contoh biomassa lignoselulosa yaitu limbah pengolahan minyak kelapa sawit berupa tandan kosong dan pelepah. Pemilihan bahan baku limbah biomassa lignoselulosa berupa tandan kosong dan pelepah kelapa sawit memiliki keuntungan yaitu kandungan selulosanya cukup tinggi (30-40%) serta pengolahannya mampu mengurangi pencemaran akibat pembuangan limbah pada lahan terbuka. Metode pretreatment yang tepat dapat mempermudah ekstraksi selulosa yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan perolehan bioetanol. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pretreatment dengan menggunakan metode fisik-kimia yaitu ultrasonik dan alkali kemudian dilakukan optimasi serta validasi terhadap hasil optimasi. Optimasi dilakukan dengan Response Surface Method dengan rancangan central composite design dengan dua faktor yaitu waktu perlakuan (10, 20, dan 30 menit) dan amplitudo (87, 90, dan 97%). Respon yang diinginkan yaitu kandungan selulosa dan lignin (%). Tujuan dilakukannya optimasi agar didapatkan perlakuan yang mampu menghasilkan kadar selulosa yang maksimum dengan kandungan lignin yang minimum. Rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) digunakan untuk mendapatkan model. Optimasi dilakukan dengan metode Response Surface Method (RSM) untuk mengetahui variasi perlakuan terbaik. Perlakuan terbaik untuk TKKS yaitu 94,935% dan waktu perlakuan 21,401 menit dengan hasil validasi kandungan selulosa 73,24% dan lignin 2,43%. Sedangkan perlakuan terbaik untuk PKS yaitu dengan amplitudo 91,611% selama 21,416 menit dengan hasil validasi kandungan selulosa 72,660% dan lignin 3,360%.
English Abstract
The processing of biomass into bioethanol may utilize raw material in the form of lignocellulosic biomass. One example of lignocellulosic biomass is the processing of palm oil waste in the form of empty fruit bunches and fronds. Using raw material for lignocellulosic biomass waste in the form of empty fruit bunches and oil palm fronds has advantages, which are the cellulosic content is quite high (30-40%) and its processing can reduce pollution due to waste disposal on open land. The proper pretreatment method can facilitate the cellulose extraction which is expected to increase the yield of bioethanol. This study used a pretreatment method, specifically physicochemical method, namely ultrasonic and alkaline. Researcher carried out optimization and validation of the optimization result. Optimization was carried out using the Response Surface Method with a central composite design with two factors, namely treatment duration (10, 20, and 30 minutes) and amplitude (87, 90, and 97%). The expected responses were cellulose and lignin content (%). Purpose of the optimization was to identify which treatment was capable of producing the maximum cellulose content with the minimum lignin content. Central Composite Design (CCD) design was used to obtain the model. Optimization was carried out using Response Surface Method (RSM) to determine the best treatment variation. The best treatment for OPEFB was 94.935% and treatment duration was 21.401 minutes with the validation results of 73.24% cellulose and 2.43% lignin. The best treatment for PKS was using an amplitude of 91.611% for 21.416 minutes with the validation results of 72.660% cellulose and 3.360% lignin.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0520100002 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Lignoselulosa, Pelepah Kelapa Sawit, Response Surface Method, Tandan Kosong Kelapa Sawit, Ultrasonik, : Lignocellulose, Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches, Oil Palm Fronds, Response Surface Method, Ultrasonic |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Zainul Mustofa |
| Date Deposited: | 01 Jul 2022 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2024 02:08 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/191413 |
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