Ikhsanuddin, - (2018) Evaluasi Potensi Produksi Pejantan Sapi Aceh Berdasarkan Performans Keturunannya Di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul Dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (Bptu-Hpt) Indrapuri Aceh. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Sapi Aceh merupakan salah satu ternak lokal yang termasuk dalam plasma nutfah Indonesia. Pemilihan pejantan unggul untuk dijadikan pemacek diharapkan dapat meperbaiki mutu genetik ternak. Salah satu upaya yang perlu dilakukan untuk mendapatkan pejantan unggul adalah melakukan evaluasi dan seleksi terhadap pejantan berdasarkan nilai pemuliaan. Berdasarkan alasan tersebut maka penelitian tentang evaluasi potensi genetik pejantan sapi Aceh penting untuk dilakukan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengevaluasi potensi produksi pejantan sapi Aceh, karakteristik kualitatif dan kuantitatif sapi Aceh serta hubungan antara bobot badan dengan ukuran tubuh. Lokasi penelitian adalah di Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul–Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BPTU-HPT) Indrapuri Aceh. Materi penelitian adalah 159 ekor sapi Aceh, keturunan dari 10 ekor pejantan. Penelitian kualitatif dianalisis dalam bentuk persentase dari 100 ekor sapi Aceh yaitu 50 ekor betina dan 50 ekor jantan. Metode penelitian adalah studi kasus dan metode pemilihan sampel dilakukan secara acak. Sapi Aceh jantan dan betina masing-masing sebanyak 98% dan 100% memiliki warna tubuh merah bata yang sesuai dengan kriteria SNI. Karakteristik kuantitatif sapi Aceh menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata bobot lahir mencapai 13,97 ± 1,23 kg, bobot terkoreksi 205 hari dan terkoreksi 365 hari adalah 72,58 ± 9,28 kg dan 104,44 ± 13,15 kg. Rata-rata pertambahan bobot badan harian prasapih sapi Aceh adalah 0,29 ± 0,05 kg dan pasca sapih 0,20 ± 0,06 kg. Sapi Aceh umur satu hari memiliki lingkar dada, panjang badan dan tinggi pundak berturut-turut 55,97 cm, 46,59 cm dan 55,43 cm. Sapi Aceh umur 205 hari memiliki ukuran lingkar dada, panjang badan dan tinggi pundak berturut-turut 100,05 cm, 80,56 cm dan 86,54 cm. Sapi Aceh umur 365 hari memiliki ukuran lingkar dada, panjang badan dan tinggi pundak berturut-turut 114,44 cm, 93,77 cm dan 92,53 cm. Korelasi lingkar dada dengan bobot badan sapi Aceh umur satu hari, 205 hari dan 365 hari tergolong kuat dan positif dengan nilai koefisien korelasi berturut-turut 0,64, 0,65 dan 0,69. Korelasi panjang badan dengan bobot badan sapi Aceh umur satu hari, 205 hari dan 365 hari tergolong sedang dan positif dengan nilai koefisien korelasi berturut-turut 0,53, 0,56 dan 0,58. Korelasi tinggi pundak dengan bobot badan sapi Aceh umur satu hari dan 205 hari tergolong kuat dan positif dengan nilai koefisien korelasi berturut-turut 0,61 dan 0,64 sedangkan sapi umur 365 hari memiliki nilai korelasi 0,55 yang tergolong sedang dan positif. Hasil analisis regresi sapi Aceh umur satu hari menunjukkan persamaan garis regresi lingkar dada dengan bobot lahir yaitu Y =-2,26+0,29X, panjang viii badan dengan bobot lahir yaitu Y =3,46+0,23X dan tinggi pundak dengan bobot lahir yaitu Y =-6,67+0,37. Hasil analisis regresi sapi Aceh umur 205 hari menunjukkan bahwa persamaan garis regresi lingkar dada dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =-3,32+0,76X, panjang badan dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =22,88+0,62X dan tinggi pundak dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =-16,68+1,03X. Hasil analisis regresi sapi Aceh umur 365 hari menunjukkan bahwa persamaan garis regresi untuk lingkar dada dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =-11,39+1,01X, panjang badan dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =13,89+0,97X dan tinggi pundak dengan bobot badan yaitu Y =4,408+1,081X. Analisis regresi berganda sapi Aceh umur satu hari, 205 hari dan 365 hari berturut-turut adalah Y= -9,62+0,16X1+0,09X2+0,20X3; Y = -30,22+0,48X1+0,13X2+0,51X3 dan Y = -44,96+0,72X1+0,47X2+0,24X3. Hasil analisis nilai pemuliaan menunjukkan bahwa Pejantan sapi Aceh di BPTU-HPT Indrapuri memiliki potensi genetik yang beragam antar pejantan. Nilai pemuliaan positif untuk semua ukuran tubuh (lingkar dada, panjang badan dan tinggi pundak) pada pejantan sapi Aceh umur satu hari, 205 hari dan umur 365 hari berturut-turut adalah pejantan F, E, J dan G, E, A serta pejantan C, E, G, F. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa, warna tubuh sapi Aceh di BPTU-HPT Indrapuri sudah sesuai dengan ketentuan SNI. Ukuran tubuh sapi Aceh umur satu tahun menunjukkan performans yang sesuai dengan kriteria SNI kelas III (umur 15-18 bulan). Korelasi antara lingkar dada dengan bobot badan memiliki nilai paling kuat. Potensi genetik tertinggi pejantan sapi Aceh adalah pejantan E.
English Abstract
Aceh cattle is one of the local cattle which is included in the category of Indonesian genetic resources. The selection of superior bull is expected to improve the genetic quality of livestock. An important effort to be done to get superior bulls is to evaluate and select bulls based on its breeding values. Therefore, the research on the evaluation of the genetic potential of Aceh bulls is crucial to be carried out. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic potency, the qualitative and quantitative characteristics, and the relationship between body weight and body measurement in Aceh cattle. This study was carried out at Indrapuri Livestock and Forage Breeding Center, Aceh. A total of 159 Aceh cattle, the progeny of 10 Aceh bulls were used in this study. The qualitative trait were analyzed descriptively based on 100 Aceh cattle (50 females and 50 males). The method used was a case study and the sample was taken randomly. Male and female Aceh cattle, 98% and 100%, respectively, showed red brick body colors, which according to SNI criteria. The quantitative characteristics of Aceh cattle showed that the mean of birth weight, 205-days corrected body weight, and 365-days corrected body weight were 13.97 ± 1.23 kg, 72.58 ± 9.28 kg, and 104.44 ± 13.15 kg, respectively. The average daily gain of Aceh cattle at pre-weaning and post-weaning age were 0.29 ± 0.05 kg and 0.20 ± 0.06 kg, respectively. One-day-old Aceh cattle had chest girth, body length, and shoulder height of 55.95 cm, 46.59 cm, and 55.43 cm, respectively. Aceh cattle at 205 days old had chest girth, body length, and shoulder height of 100.05 cm, 80.56 cm, and 86.54 cm, respectively. Aceh cattle at 365 days old had chest girth, body length, and shoulder height of 114.44 cm, 93.77 cm, and 92.53 cm, respectively. Correlation between chest girth with body weight of one-day, 205-days, and 365-days-old Aceh cattle were classified as strong and positive with correlation coefficient values of 0.64, 0.65, and 0.69, respectively. Correlation of body length with body weight of one-day, 205-days, and 365-days-old were classified as moderate and positive with correlation coefficient values of 0.53, 0.56, and 0.58, respectively. Correlation between shoulder height with body weight of one-day and 205-days old was strong and positive, with the values of 0.61 and 0.64 respectively, while the correlation at 365 days of age had the correlation value of 0.55 which was classified as moderate and positive. The results showed that the regression equation for chest girth (CG) with body weight (BW) of one-day-old Aceh cattle was Y = -2.26 + 0.29X, body length (BL) with body weight was Y = 3.46 + 0.23X, and shoulder height (SH) with body weight was Y = -6.67 + 0.37X. At 205-days-old, the regression equation for chest x girth with body weight of Aceh cattle was Y = -3.32 + 0.76X, body length with body weight was Y = 22.88 + 0.62X, and shoulder height with body weight was Y = -16.68 + 1.03X. The regression equation for chest girth with body weight of Aceh cattle aged at 365-days-old was Y = -11.39 + 1.01X, body length with body weight was Y = 13.89 + 0.97X, and shoulder height with body weight was Y = 4.408 + 1.081X. Multiple regression analysis of Aceh cattle at one day, 205 days and 365 days old were Y = -9.62 + 0.16X1 + 0.09X2 + 0.20X3; Y = -30.22 + 0.48X1 + 0.13X2 + 0.51X3 and Y = -44.96 + 0.72X1 + 0.47X2 + 0.24X3, respectively. The results of the breeding value analysis showed that Aceh cattle in Indrapuri Livestock and Forage Breeding Center showed variation in genetic potential between bulls. The positive breeding value for all body measurement (chest girth, body length and shoulder height) in bull of Aceh cattle at one day, 205 days and 365 days old, respectively were bulls F, E, J, and G, E, A and C, E, G. Based on the result, could be concluded that the body color of Aceh cattle in Indrapuri Livestock and Forage Breeding Center were according to SNI. Body measurement showed that One-year-old Aceh cattle performance matched to the criteria of class III SNI (age 15-18 months). Correlation between chest girth with body weight has the strongest relationship. The highest genetic potential of Aceh bull was bulls E
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/636.2/IKH/e/2019/041901483 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Produksi Pejantan Sapi Aceh, Balai Pembibitan Ternak Unggul |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 636 Animal husbandry > 636.2 Cattle and related animals |
| Divisions: | S2/S3 > Magister Ilmu Ternak, Fakultas Peternakan |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Jun 2022 07:03 |
| Last Modified: | 23 Jun 2022 07:03 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/191305 |
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