Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa secara In Vitro

Astaqhfirnanda, Sandhy Ilyasa and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sri Andayani, MS. and Rani Yuwanita, S.Pi, MP (2021) Pengaruh Ekstrak Daun Teh Hijau (Camellia sinensis) terhadap Daya Hambat Bakteri Pseudomonas aeruginosa secara In Vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Intensifikasi budidaya meningkatkan peluang serangan penyakit pada ikan oleh bakteri hingga 33,9% dari penyebab penyakit lainnya. Pseudomonas aeruginosa merupakan bakteri yang bersifat patogen oportunistik, dan dapat menyebabkan infeksi pada individu dengan ketahanan tubuh yang menurun, serta cukup sering ditemukan pada perairan tawar. Kerugian kematian sekitar 173 ton ikan dan benih dan ekonomi yang mencapai 60% pembudidaya ikan tawar menjadikan alasan penelitian mencari alternatif pengobatan dan pencegahan sehingga tidak menimbulkan banyak residu atau limbah perairan. Ekstrak tanaman secara tradisional, salah satunya daun teh hijau (Camellia sinensis) telah banyak diteliti memiliki bahan aktif antibakteri sangat signifikan, meliputi alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin/fenol, dan saponin yang diduga dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak daun teh hijau (C. sinensis) terhadap daya hambat bakteri P. aeruginosa secara in vitro dan mengetahui dosis MIC (Minimum Inhibiton Concetration) yang digunakan untuk uji cakram bakteri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada Juni 2021 di CV. Sumber Rejeki Bandaran, Pasuruan menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan RAL (Rancangan Acak Lengkap) pemberian dosis ekstrak daun teh hijau yang berbeda, yaitu A (110 ppm), B (120 ppm), C (130 ppm), D (140 ppm), dan E (150 ppm) dengan kontrol positif menggunakan antibiotik tetracycline 30 ppm, serta kontrol negatif tanpa pemberian ekstrak. Setiap perlakuan diulang sebanyak empat kali. Parameter uji yang digunakan berupa hasil pengamatan zona bening yang terbentuk sekitar kertas cakram yang telah ditumbuhi oleh bakteri P. aeruginosa dengan dosis ekstrak yang berbeda. Data yang didapat dianalisis dengan Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) sesuai rancangan yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pada tingkat kepercayaan 95% (α=0,05). Data hasil yang didapatkan pada penelitian ini adalah sebagai berikut. Ekstrak daun teh hijau (C. sinensis) terbukti dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri P. aeruginosa dengan dosis minimum 100 ppm melalui uji MIC terlebih dahulu. Hasil rata-rata zona bening yang didapatkan dari uji cakram pada penelitian adalah 110 ppm (7,63 mm), 120 ppm (7,86 mm), 130 ppm (8,48 mm), 140 ppm (9,38 mm), dan 150 ppm (10,27 mm). Hasil menunjukkan hubungan antara penambahan dosis perlakuan ekstrak daun teh terhadap diameter zona hambat berupa pola linier dengan persamaan y = -0,110 + 0,068x dan koefisien R2 = 0,9366. Hubungan antara pemberian dosis ekstrak daun teh hijau dalam menghambat bakteri P. aeruginosa memiliki respon yang semakin tinggi dosis, maka akan semakin besar zona bening yang terbentuk. Hasil tertinggi pada penelitian yaitu pada dosis 150 ppm sebesar 10,27 mm dan hasil terendah pada dosis 110 ppm sebesar 7,63 mm.

English Abstract

Aquaculture developed rapidly in the era of industrialization. Intensification of cultivation is marked by an increase in stocking density, causing obstacles, one of which is the increased chance of disease attack on fish by bacteria up to 33.9%. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen, and can cause infection in individuals with decreased body resistance, and is quite often found in freshwater. The loss of mortality of around 173 tons of fish and seeds and the economy that reaches 60% of freshwater fish farmers are the reasons for research to found alternative treatment and prevention, so that it does not cause a lot of residue or aquatic waste. Extract of Traditional plant, green tea’s leaf (Camellia sinensis) has been widely studied to have very significant antibacterial active ingredients, including alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins/phenols, and saponins which are thought to inhibit bacterial growth. This study was determine the effect of green tea’s leaf (C. sinensis) extract on the inhibition of P. aeruginosa bacteria in vitro and to determine the dose of MIC (Minimum Inhibiton Concetration) used for the bacterial disc test. The research was conducted in June 2021 at CV. Sumber Rejeki Bandaran, Pasuruan used an experimental method with RAL (Completely Randomized Design) giving different doses of green tea’s leaf extract, A (110 ppm), B (120 ppm), C (130 ppm), D (140 ppm), and E (150 ppm) with four repetition in every treatment, also positive control using 30 ppm of tetracycline as antibiotic, and negative control without extract. The test parameters used were observations of the clear zone formed around the paper discs that had been overgrown with P. aeruginosa bacteria with different extract doses. The data obtained were analyzed by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) according to the design used, namely Completely Randomized Design (CRD) at a confidence level 95% (α=0,05). The data obtained in this study are as follows. Green tea’s leaf (C. sinensis) extract can inhibit the growth of P. aeruginosa bacteria with a minimum dose of 100 ppm through the MIC test first. The average of the clear zone results obtained from the disc test in this study were 110 ppm (7,63 mm), 120 ppm (7,86 mm), 130 ppm (8,48 mm), 140 ppm (9,38 mm), and 150 ppm (10,27 mm). The results showed the relationship between the addition of tea leaf’s extract treatment dose to the diameter of the inhibition zone in the form of a linear pattern with the equation y = 0,068x – 0,110 and the coefficient R2 = 0,9366. The relationship between the dose of green tea leaf extract in inhibiting P. aeruginosa bacteria has a response that the higher the dose, the greater the clear zone formed. The highest results in the study were at a dose of 150 ppm of 10,27 mm and the lowest result was at a dose of 110 ppm of 7,63 mm.

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0521080184
Uncontrolled Keywords:	-
Subjects:	600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan
Depositing User:	Zainul Mustofa
Date Deposited:	15 Jun 2022 04:01
Last Modified:	04 Oct 2024 06:36
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/191185

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