Stefany, Theresa and La Choviya Hawa, STP. MP. Ph.D and Wida Banar Kusumaningrum, M.Eng (2021) Karakterisasi Sifat Fisik dan Mekanis Kertas Daur Ulang Dari Kardus Bekas Sebagai Alternatif Kemasan Pangan Dengan Lapisan Ikatan Silang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pengemasan merupakan bagian penting dalam industri pangan dan termasuk salah satu upaya dalam menjaga kualitas bahan pangan. Dalam perkembangannya kemasan pangan selalu diperbaharui dari bahan baku pembuatan maupun bahan pelapisnya. Terdapatnya program pemerintah dalam circular economy tahun 2030 mendorong banyaknya industri FnB dalam memodifikasi kemasan pangan berbasis ramah lingkungan. Salah satunya yaitu kemasan berbahan dasar kertas bekas tidak terpakai didaur ulang kembali menjadi kemasan biodegradable yang dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif kemasan pangan. Akan tetapi timbulnya masalah baru terkait bahan pelapisan yang digunakan pada kemasan kertas yang diproduksi masih banyak berasal dari plastik polietilen maupun polipropilen dengan tujuan meningkatkan sifat fisik dan mekanis dari kertas. Hal ini dapat disiasati dengan menggunakan bahan pelapis yang bersifat eco friendly dan non toxic yaitu asam sitrat. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari pengaruh pelapisan asam sitrat pada kertas daur ulang berbahan baku kardus bekas, konsentrasi asam sitrat optimal yang didapatkan dari pelapisan tersebut dan pengaruh penambahan sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate sebagai katalis yang bersifat non toxic pada pelapisan terhadap sifat fisik maupun mekanis dari kertas daur ulang. Dalam menentukan nilai optimal penelitian ini menggunakan Respon Surface Method pada software Design Expert untuk mengetahui konsentrasi optimal yang dibutuhkan dengan variasi 3 level yang digunakan yaitu konsentrasi asam sitrat sebesar 5, 10, 15 %(w/w), suhu proses aktivasi sebesar 150oC, 170oC dan 190oC selama 3 menit, 5 menit dan 7 menit. Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan menggunakan response surface method dengan model central composite design mendapatkan hasil nilai konsentrasi optimal terhadap parameter utama kemasan pangan didapatkan sebesar 10%, akan tetapi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap sifat fisik kertas yaitu water vapour transmission rate dan daya serap air namun berpengaruh terhadap sifat mekanis kertas yaitu peningkatan nilai kuat tarik kertas yang dihasilkan jika dibandingkan dengan kertas kontrol. Kertas daur ulang yang sudah dilapisi konsentrasi asam sitrat 10% memiliki ketebalan antara 0,899 - 0,784 mm, kadar air antara 5,62 - 2,65% (wb), daya serap air antara 755,308 – 302,352 g/m2, WVTR antara 0,0315 – 0,0157 gs-1m-2, kuat tarik antara 8,870 – 4,580 MPa, dan degree of crosslinking antara 67,83 – 84,12 %. Kertas daur ulang dengan penambahan katalis diperoleh ketebalan antara 0,844 – 0,697 mm, kadar air antara 4,47 – 3,82% (wb), daya serap air antara 739,308 – 603,605 g/m2, WVTR antara 0,0315 – 0,0521 gs-1m-2, kuat tarik antara 7,341 – 7,367 MPa, dan degree of crosslinking antara 60,892 – 34,051 %. Berdasarkan data hasil pengujian yang didapatkan penambahan katalis dinilai kurang efektif untuk sifat fisik kertas namun sangat berpengaruh pada peningkatan kuat tarik pada kertas. Secara keseluruhan karakteristik kertas daur ulang dengan pelapisan asam sitrat ini belum memenuhi SNI 8218:2015 tentang kertas dan karton untuk kemasan pangan kecuali nilai kuat tarik
English Abstract
Packaging is an important part of the food industry and is one of the efforts to maintain the quality of food ingredients. In its development, food packaging is always updated from raw materials to manufacture and coating materials. The existence of a government program in the 2030 circular economy encourages many FnB industries to modify environmentally friendly food packaging. One of them is packaging made from unused used paper that is recycled back into biodegradable packaging that can be used as an alternative to food packaging. However, the emergence of new problems related to the coating materials used in the paper packaging produced is still mostly derived from polyethylene and polypropylene plastics with the aim of improving the physical and mechanical properties of the paper. This can be circumvented by using eco-friendly and non-toxic coating materials, namely citric acid. This research was conducted to study the effect of citric acid coating on recycled paper made from used cardboard, the optimal concentration of citric acid obtained from the coating and the effect of adding sodium dihydrogen phosphate dihydrate as a non-toxic catalyst in the coating on the physical and mechanical properties of recycled paper. rephraseIn determining the optimal value, this study uses the Response Surface Method in Design Expert software to determine the optimal concentration required with a variation of 3 levels used, namely citric acid concentration of 5, 10, 15 % (w/w), activation process temperature of 150oC, 170 oC and 190 oC for 3 minutes, 5 minutes and 7 minutes The results of tests carried out using the response surface method with the central composite design model get the optimal concentration value for the main parameters of food packaging obtained by 10%, but does not significantly affect the physical properties of the paper, namely water vapor transmission rate and water absorption, but has an effect on the properties of the paper. paper mechanics, namely the increase in the tensile strength of the resulting paper when compared to control paper. Recycled paper that has been coated with 10% citric acid concentration has a thickness between 0.899 and 0.784 mm, water content between 5.62 and 2.65% (wb), water absorption between 755.308 and 302.352 g/m2, and WVTR between 0.0315 and 0.0157 gs-1m-2, tensile strength between 8.870 and 4.580 MPa, and degree of crosslinking between 67.83 and The thickness of recycled paper with a catalyst was between 0.844 and 0.697 mm, the moisture content was between 4.47 and 3.82% (wb), the water absorption was between 739.308 and 603.605 g/m2, the WVTR was between 0.0315 and 0.0521 gs-1m-2, the tensile strength was between 7.341 and 7.367 MPa, and the degree of crosslinking was between 60,892 and 34.051%.Based on the test results data, the addition of a catalyst is considered less effective for the physical properties of the paper, but it is very influential on increasing the tensile strength of the paper. Overall, the characteristics of recycled paper with citric acid coating do not meet SNI 8218:2015 regarding paper and cardboard for food packaging except for the tensile strength value.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521100309 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kertas daur ulang, kardus bekas, crosslinking, karakterisasi, response surface method, asam sitrat, kemasan pangan,Recycled paper, used cardboard, crosslinking, characterization, response surface method, citric acid, food packaging |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Sugeng Moelyono |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Feb 2022 01:51 |
| Last Modified: | 01 Oct 2024 08:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/189819 |
![[thumbnail of Theresa Stefany.pdf]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
Theresa Stefany.pdf Download (4MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |