Baso, Darwis (2018) Model Peningkatan Kepuasan Dalam Pengelolaan Prasarana Lingkungan Permukiman Dan Perilaku Masyarakat Di Bantaran Sungai Pampang. Doctor thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Permasalahan penanganan lingkungan prasarana permukiman yang mendasar yaitu adanya fenomena sosial yang ada di masyarakat yang kurang tersentuh, sehingga kegagalan dalam mengelola prasarana lingkungan sering terjadi. Menurunnya kualitas permukiman yang disertai dengan pencemaran lingkungan dan menipisnya sumber daya alam. Perilaku warga masyarakat sampai saat ini belum menunjukkan perilaku yang berwawasan lingkungan, pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan, penghijauan dilakukan belum optimal. Lokasi penelitian di bantaran Sungai Pampang Kecamatan Panakkukang Kota Makassar. Tujuan penelitian ini: merumuskan indikator dari Partisipasi Masyarakat, Tingkat Pelayanan, Peran Masyarakat, Kepuasan dalam Pengelolaan Prasarana, dan Perilaku yang bertanggungjawab terhadap prasarana lingkungan permukiman; menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan permukiman dan perilaku yang bertanggung jawab terhadap prasarana lingkungan permukiman di bantaran Sungai Pampang; merumuskan model peningkatan kepuasan dalam pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan permukiman dan perilaku yang bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini akan diuji beberapa hipotesis yang sesuai dengan indikator (indicator variable) maupun hubungan regresi dalam struktur hubungan yang dianggap saling berpengaruh baik secara langsung (direct effect) maupun pengaruh secara tidak langsung (inddirect effect). Hipotesis menggunakan analisis SEM (structural equation modeling). Model Pengukuran Tingkat Partisipasi Masyarakat (X1), bahwa indikator buah pikiran, tenaga, materi, ketrampilan dan sosial, dianggap mampu mencerminkan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam penelitian ini. Indikator keahlian, tenaga dan sosial merupakan indikator yang paling dominan dalam menggambarkan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat. Variabel Tingkat Pelayanan Prasarana Dasar Lingkungan Pemukiman (X2), menunjukkan bahwa semua indikator variabel tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan pemukiman dapat dikatakan bahwa model pengukuran variabel ini bersifat valid. Indikator reliability (kemampuan dan keandalan untuk menyediakan pelayanan yang terpercaya) dan assurance (kemampuan dan keramahan serta meyakinkan kepercayaan warga sebagai pengguna) merupakan indikator yang paling dapat merefleksikan tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan masyarakat. Variabel Peran Masyarakat (X3), menunjukkan bahwa model pengukuran variabel peran masyarakat bersifat valid. Indikator pengambilan keputusan, pelaksaan program, dan pemahaman norma/aturan merupakan indikator yang memiliki peran besar dalam mencerminkan peran masyarakat dalam penelitian ini. Variabel Kepuasan dalam Pelayanan Pengelolaan Prasarana Lingkungan (Y1), bahwa kualitas fisik prasarana dan kualitas layanan memegang peranan terbesar dalam xii mencerminkan kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan. Variabel Perilaku Bertanggungjawab terhadap Lingkungan (Y2), indikator kesiapan penggunaan lingkungan yang berwawasan lingkungan, evaluasi pelayanan prasaranan lingkungan dan perbaikan pelayanan merupakan indikator-indikator yang paling dominan dalam merefleksikan perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan. Untuk memperbaiki kecocokan model atau goodness of fit dari model struktural yang dibentuk, maka dilakukan modifikasi model dengan menambahkan path/jalur error variance dan error covariance antar indikator dan variabel laten berdasarkan modification indices. Modification indices yang dihasilkan terdiri atas dua jenis, yaitu menambahkan jalur/path baru dan menambahkan error covariance. Model sebelum dan sesudah modifikasi bersifat good fit atau layak. Kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan (Y1) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan (Y2). Koefisien path Y1 terhadap Y2 bersifat positif, artinya semakin tinggi kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasaran lingkungan, maka perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan akan semakin meningkat. Tingkat partisipasi masyarakat (X1) tidak berpengaruh signifikan baik terhadap kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan (Y1) maupun perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan (Y2). Hubungan antara X1 terhadap Y1 dan Y2 bersifat positif, semakin tinggi tingkat partisipasi masyarakat, maka kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasaranan lingkungan dan perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan akan semakin meningkat. Tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan pemukiman (X2) berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan (Y1). Pengaruh antar variabel ini bersifat positif, yang artinya semakin tinggi tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan pemukiman maka akan semakin meningkatkan kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan. Di sisi lain, tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan pemukiman (X2) secara langsung tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan (Y2), melainkan pengaruh ini secara tidak langsung harus melalui kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan (Y1). Variabel kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan merupakan mediator bagi pengaruh tingkat pelayanan prasarana dasar lingkungan pemukiman (X2) terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan (Y2). Peran masyarakat (X3) tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan (Y1). Namun, variabel ini justru berpengaruh langsung secara signifikan terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan (Y2). Pengaruh peran masyarakat terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan tidak perlu dimediasi oleh terhadap kepuasan dalam pelayanan pengelolaan prasarana lingkungan. Selain itu, hubungan antara peran masyarakat terhadap perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan bersifat positif, artinya semakin tinggi peran masyarakat maka perilaku bertanggungjawab terhadap lingkungan akan semakin meningkat.
English Abstract
The basic problem of handling infrastructure in housing area is the existence of neglected social phenomenon in the community causing failures in the management of infrastructure in housing areas. The decline in the quality of housings is accompanied by environmental pollution and depletion of natural resources. Community until now has not shown the behavior that supports environmental sustainability, environmental infrastructure management, and reforestation. The research was conducted at Pampang riverbanks, Panakkukang, Makassar. The purposes of this study are: to formulate indicator of community participation, level of service, community role, satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management, and environmentally responsible behavior; to analyze factors that influence satisfaction in housing area infrastructure management service and responsible behavior for the infrastructure on Pampang riverbanks; to formulate models of satisfaction improvement in the housing area infrastructure management and environmentally responsible behavior. In this study, several hypotheses were tested according to the indicator variables and the regression relationship in the structure that are considered mutually influential relationship either directly (direct effect) or indirectly (indirect effect). The hypothesis were tested using SEM (structural equation modeling). Measurement model of community participation level (X1) is that ideas, energy, material, skill and social indicators are considered to be able to reflect the level of community participation in this study. Skill, energy and social are the most dominant indicators in describing the level of community participation. The level of basic housing area infrastructure service variable (X2) indicates that the model measurements of all indicators of basic housing area infrastructure service variable level can be said valid. Reliability (ability and reliability to provide reliable services) and assurance (ability and friendliness as well as assuring the confidence of citizens as users) indicators are the best indicator that may reflect the level of basic infrastructure service in the community. Variable of community role (X3) indicates that the model measurement of this variable is valid. Decision-making, program implementation and understanding norms/rules are the indicator that have a major role in reflecting community role in this research. Satisfaction in Environmental Infrastructure Management Services (Y1) shows that the physical quality of infrastructure and service quality play a role in reflecting the greatest satisfaction in the environmental infrastructure management services. Variable environmentally responsible behavior (Y2) has several indicators, such as readiness to sustainable use of the environment, environmental infrastructure service evaluation and improvement of service. Those are the most dominant indicators that reflect an environmentally responsible behavior. xiv To improve the goodness of fit of the established structural model, the modification of the model is done by adding a path of error variance and error covariance between indicators and latent variables based on modification indices. Modification indices produced consists of two types, namely to add a new path and to add error covariance. Model before and after modification is a good fit or worthy. Satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management service (Y1) significantly influences environmentally responsible behavior (Y2). Path coefficients Y1 to Y2 is positive, meaning that the higher satisfaction in service management of environmental infrastructures will increase environmentally responsible behavior. The level of community participation (X1) has no significant effect either on satisfaction in the environmental infrastructure management service (Y1) or environmentally responsible behavior (Y2). The relation between X1 to Y1 and Y2 is positive, meaning that the higher level of community participation will increase the satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management service and environmentally responsible behavior. The level of basic housing area infrastructure service (X2) significantly influences satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management services (Y1). Influence between these variables is positive, which means that the higher level of basic housing area infrastructure service will increase satisfaction in the environmental infrastructure management services. On the other hand, the level of basic housing area infrastructure service (X2) directly has no significant effect on environmentally responsible behavior (Y2), but this effect should indirectly through satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management services (Y1). Variable satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management services is a mediator for the effect of the level of basic housing area infrastructure service (X2) to environmentally responsible behavior (Y2). Community role (X3) does not significantly influence satisfaction in environmental infrastructure management service (Y1). However, this variable significantly has direct effect on environmentally responsible behavior (Y2). The influence of community role towards environmentally responsible behavior does not need to be mediated by the satisfaction in the environmental infrastructure management service. In addition, the relationship between community role and environmentally responsible behavior is positive, meaning that the higher role of society will increase the responsible behavior towards environment.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Doctor) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | DIS/363.72/BAS/m/2018/061903845 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Model, kepuasan, lingkungan permukiman, perilaku masyarakat,-Model, satisfaction, housing area, community behavior |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 363 Other social problems and services > 363.7 Environmental problems > 363.72 Sanitation |
| Divisions: | Program Pascasarjana > Doktor Kajian Lingkungan, Program Pascasarjana |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 31 Jan 2022 06:58 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jan 2022 06:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/189144 |
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