Setiawan, Wahyu and Prof. Dr. Ir. Sugeng Prijono,, S. U. and Dr. Ir. Budi Hariyono,, M.P., (2021) Pengaruh Pupuk Organik Dan Abu Tongkol Jagung Terhadap Daya Menahan Air Tanah Wajak Pada Pertanaman Jagung (Zea Mays L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kecamatan Wajak di Kabupaten Malang merupakan daerah yang memiliki tanah bertekstur pasir hingga lempung berpasir. Tanah berpasir memiliki tingkat pori makro yang tinggi sehingga daya menyimpan air rendah dan kandungan bahan organiknya sangat rendah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi beberapa bahan organik dan abu tongkol jagung sebagai bahan pembenah tanah terhadap daya menahan air tanah Wajak pada pertanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Ekofisiologi Balittas, Malang pada bulan September-Desember 2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 6 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan tersebut yaitu tanpa bahan pembenah tanah (kontrol), abu tongkol jagung 10 ton/ha, pupuk kandang 10 ton/ha, pupuk kompos 10 ton/ha, kombinasi abu tongkol jagung 5 ton/ha + pupuk kandang 5 ton/ha, dan kombinasi abu tongkol jagung 5 ton/ha + pupuk kompos 5 ton/ha. Penelitian ini menggunakan pipa PVC berdiameter 14 cm dan tinggi 60 cm untuk parameter pengamatan daya menahan air tanah. Tanah dicampur merata sesuai perlakuan dan dimasukkan dalam tabung dan diinkubasi 2 minggu. Setelah inkubasi, setiap tabung diberi air berdasarkan data curah hujan mingguan di lokasi. Pengamatan daya menahan air dilakukan setiap 1 minggu sekali setelah 2 minggu masa inkubasi. Total waktu pengamatan daya menahan air tanah disesuaikan berdasarkan lama waktu yang dibutuhkan selama budidaya tanaman jagung yaitu 3 bulan (awal tanam hingga panen). Selain itu, pengamatan dan pengumpulan data juga dilakukan pada beberapa parameter pengamatan yaitu tekstur tanah, berat isi tanah, berat jenis tanah, porositas tanah, Ka kapasita lapang (pF 2,5), Ka titik layu permanen (pF 4,2), Ka tersedia, kematapan agregat, dan C-organik tanah. Pengamatan tersebut dilakuakn pada awal dan akhir penelitian daya menahan air tanah. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masing-masing perlakuan bahan pembenah tanah memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap daya menahan air tanah pada 5 minggu setelah inkubasi (MSI) hingga 11 MSI. Perlakuan abu tongkol jagung 10 ton/ha memiliki nilai rerata tertinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan lainnya dan dapat meningkatkan volume air yang tertahan di dalam tanah sebesar 85 mL dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol hanya sekitar 83 mL. Meskipun perlakuan abu tongkol jagung 10 ton/ha dapat meningkatkan daya menahan air tanah, namun kadar ait tersedia tanah lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kompos 10 ton/ha yang memiliki nilai rerata tertinggi yaitu 11,48 % dan dapat meningkatkan kadar ait tersedia tanah awal sebesar 4,49 % dibandingkan perlakuan kontrol hanya 0,29 %. C-organik dan kemantapan agregat tanah berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air tersedia tanah dengan arah korelasi positif, artinya semakin tinggi nilai C-organik dan kemantapan agregat tanah maka air tersedia di dalam tanah semakin banyak. Daya menahan air tanah berpengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air tersedia tanah dengan arah korelasi negatif, artinya semakin tinggi nilai daya menahan air tanah maka kadar air tersedia tanah makin rendah. Porositas pada penelitian ini tidak memiliki pengaruh nyata terhadap kadar air tersedia tanah.
English Abstract
Wajak sub-district in Malang Regency is an area with sandy to sandy loam textured soil. Sandy soils have a high level of macro pores so that they have low water retention capacity and very low organic matter content. This study aims to determine the effect of the application of some organic matter and corn cobs ash as a soil amendment agent on the holding capacity of Wajak's soil water in corn planting. This research was conducted at the Ecophysiology Laboratory of Balittas, Malang in September-December 2020. This study used a completely randomized design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. These treatments are without soil repairer (control), corn cobs ash 10 tonnes / ha, manure 10 tonnes / ha, compost 10 tonnes / ha, a combination of corn cobs ash 5 tonnes / ha + manure 5 tonnes / ha, and combination of corn cobs ash 5 tons / ha + compost 5 tons / ha. This study uses PVC pipe with a diameter of 14 cm and a height of 60 cm for the parameter of observing the groundwater holding power. The soil was mixed evenly according to treatment and put in a tube and incubated for 2 weeks. After incubation, each tube was given water based on weekly rainfall data at the site. Observation of water retention was carried out every 1 week after 2 weeks of incubation. The total time of observing the groundwater holding power was adjusted based on the length of time it took during the cultivation of maize, which was 3 months (planting to harvest). In addition, observations and data collection were also carried out on several observation parameters namely soil texture, soil density, soil density, soil porosity, field capacity Ka (pF 2.5), Ka permanent wilt point (pF 4.2), Ka available, aggregate stability, and C-organic soil. These observations were made at the beginning and end of the research on the holding capacity of groundwater. The results of this study indicate that each soil amendment treatment has a significant effect on the holding capacity of groundwater at 5 weeks after incubation (WAI) to 11 WAI. The 10 ton / ha corn cobs ash treatment has the highest mean value compared to other treatments and can increase the volume of water retained in the soil by 85 mL compared to the control treatment of only 83 mL. Although the 10 ton / ha corn cobs ash treatment can increase the soil water holding capacity, the available soil moisture content is lower than the 10 ton / ha compost treatment which has the highest average value of 11.48% and can increase the initial available soil moisture content by 4.49% compared to control treatment only 0.29%. C-organic and soil aggregate stability have a significant effect on the available water content of the soil with a positive correlation, meaning that the higher the value of C-organic and the stability of soil aggregates, the more water is available in the soil. The holding capacity of ground water has a significant effect on the available water content of the soil with a negative correlation, meaning that the higher the value of the holding power of ground water, the lower the available soil water content. Porosity in this study did not have a significant effect on the available soil moisture content.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040045 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 338 Production > 338.1 Agriculture |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 26 Jan 2022 07:10 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Feb 2022 05:09 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/188903 |
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