Irvania, Widha (2021) Perbandingan Pemberian Larutan Gula Pasir, Air Cucian Beras Dan Air Kelapa Tua Pada Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Jamur Tiram Putih (Pleurotus Ostreatus). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia memiliki jenis jamur yang bermacam-macam untuk dibudidayakan, salah satu jenis jamur yang perlu dikembangkan di Indonesia adalah jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Jamur tiram putih merupakan salah satu jenis jamur pangan dari kelompok Basidiomycota yang saat ini cukup populer dan banyak digemari masyarakat karena rasanya yang lezat dan juga penuh kandungan nutrisi, tinggi protein, dan rendah lemak. Produksi jamur di Indonesia pada tahun 2011 adalah 43.047.029 kg, dengan jumlah penduduk sebesar 437.737.582 jiwa, maka konsumsi jamur di Indonesia rata-rata adalah 0,197 kg per kapita per tahun. Kesadaran masyarakat untuk mengkonsumsi jamur berpengaruh positif terhadap permintaan pasokan yang meningkat mencapai 20-25% per tahun. Prospek yang baik dan minat masyarakat yang semakin meningkat dalam mengkonsumsi jamur tiram putih, maka perlu adanya upaya untuk meningkatkan produksi dari jamur tiram putih. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatan hasil produksi jamur tiram ialah dengan memberikan larutan tambahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan perbandingan jenis dan komposisi larutan gula pasir, air cucian beras dan air kelapa yang terbaik pada pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih. Hipotesis dari penelitian ini ialah pada pemberian larutan campuran gula pasir, air cucian beras dan air kelapa tua dengan komposisi 1:1:1 atau masing-masing 13 ml/baglog memberikan pengaruh yang baik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil jamur tiram putih (Pleurotus ostreatus). Percobaan ini dilaksanakan di Desa Junggo, Kecamatan Bumiaji, Kabupaten Batu dengan ketinggian tempat 1612 m dpl, suhu berkisar 18-24 ºC, dan kelembaban udara sekitar 75-98%. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2018 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2019. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah sekop, mesin pencampur media, alat pengepres baglog, alat sterilisasi berupa drum, selang air, pipa, termometer, higrometer, plastik polipropilen, cincin baglog serta penutup, gelang karet, kertas, bunsen, spatula, korek api, alat semprot, gelas ukur, pisau, timbangan, penggaris, kamera dan alat tulis. Bahan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah alkohol 70%, spirtus, benih jamur tiram putih, serbuk kayu, bekatul, CaCO3, CaSO4, air, gula pasir, air cucian beras, dan air kelapa. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) meliputi 8 perlakuan diulang sebanyak tiga kali. Perlakuan yang digunakan ialah L0: Tanpa penambahan larutan (kontrol), L1: Penambahan larutan gula pasir 40 ml/baglog, L2: Penambahan larutan air cucian beras 40 ml/baglog, L3: Penambahan larutan air kelapa tua 40 ml/baglog, L4: Penambahan 40 ml/baglog larutan campuran air kelapa tua dan air cucian beras (1:1) atau masing-masing 20 ml/baglog, L5: Penambahan 40 ml/baglog larutan campuran air kelapa tua dan larutan gula pasir (1:1) atau masingmasing 20 ml/baglog, L6: Penambahan 40 ml/baglog larutan campuran gula pasir dan air cucian beras (1:1) atau masing-masing 20 ml/baglog, dan L7: Penambahan 40 ml/baglog larutan campuran gula pasir, air cucian beras dan air kelapa tua (1:1:1) atau masing-masing 13 ml/baglog. Pengamatan dilakukan secara non-destruktif (panjang miselium, pertumbuhan miselium saat memenuhi baglog, dan umur jamur tiram putih pada saat muncul pinhead), komponen hasil dan panen (umur panen, interval hari panen, diameter tudung jamur, jumlah tudung jamur, bobot segar, dan total panen per baglog). Data hasil pengamatan selanjutnya dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada taraf 5%. Apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata pada perlakuan maka dilanjutkan dengan Uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat pengaruh terhadap perlakuan pemberian larutan pada parameter panjang miselium, pertumbuhan miselium saat memenuhi baglog, umur jamur tiram putih pada saat muncul pinhead, umur panen, bobot segar, jumlah tudung jamur, interval hari panen dan panen jamur tiram putih. Kemudian pada parameter diameter tudung menunjukkan tidak adanya pengaruh pada pemberian larutan. Perlakuan pemberian larutan yang terbaik yakni pada perlakuan pemberian larutan campuran gula pasir dan air kelapa (L5) dengan perbandingan komposisi 1:1 dengan hasil yang didapatkan bobot segar panen yang lebih baik.
English Abstract
Indonesia has a wide variety of mushroom to be cultivated, one type of mushroom that needs to be developed in Indonesia is white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). White oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) is one type of food mushrooms from the Basidiomycota group which is currently quite popular and many people love it because it tastes good and is also full of nutrients, high in protein, and low fat. Mushroom production in Indonesia in 2011 was 43.047.029 kg, with a population of 437,737,582 people, the average mushroom consumption in Indonesia is 0.197 kg per capita/year. Public awareness to consume mushrooms has a positive effect on demand for increased supply 20-25% per year. Good prospects and increasing public interest in consuming white oyster mushrooms, it is necessary to increase the production of white oyster mushrooms. Increasing the production of oyster mushrooms is by providing additional solutions. This purposes of this research get the right comparison of the types and composition solution of the sugar, white washing water, and coconut water the best growth and yield of white oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). Hypothesis of this research is that the provision of a mixed solution of sugar, white washing water and old coconut water with a composition 1:1:1 or 13 ml / baglog each has a good effect on the growth and yield of white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus). This experiment was conducted in Junggo village in Bumiaji District, Batu Regency with altitude of place 1612 m above sea level, temperatures range from 18-24 ° C, and humidity around 75-98%. This research was conducted from August 2018 to January 2019. The tools that used in this research is a shovel, media mixing machine, baglog press tool, sterilizers in the form of drum, water hose, pipe, thermometer, hygrometer, polypropylene plastic, baglog rings and covers, rubber bands, paper, bunsen, spatula, lighter, sprayer, measuring cup, knife, scale, ruler, camera and stationery. Materials that used in this research is the seed white oyster mushrooms, 70% alcohol, spirtus, sawdust, rice bran, CaCO3, CaSO4, water, sugar, white washing water, and old coconut water. This research is using Randomized Block Design (RBD) which included 8 treatments repeated 3 times. The treatment used is L0: Without addition of solution (control), L1: Addition of sugar solution 40 ml / baglog, L2: Addition of white washing water solution 40 ml/baglog, L3: Addition of old coconut water solution 40 ml/baglog, L4: Addition of 40 ml / baglog mixture of old coconut water with white washing water (1:1) or 20 ml / baglog each, L5: Addition of 40 ml / baglog mixture of old coconut water with sugar solution (1:1) or 20 ml / baglog each, L6: Addition of 40 ml / baglog mixture of sugar solution with white washing water (1:1) or 20 ml / baglog each, and L7: Addition of 40 ml / baglog mixture of sugar solution, white washing water with old coconut water (1:1:1) or 13 ml / baglog each. Observations made non-destructive (the length of mycelium, mycelium growth when it meets the baglog, and aged white oyster mushrooms when pinhead appears), yield components and harvest (harvest age, harvest day intervals, mushroom hood diameter, number of mushroom hoods, fresh weight, and total potential harvest per baglog). Observation data obtained will be analyzed using the analysis range (F test) at the 5% level. When it gets real influence the data will be continued with Least Significance Different test (LSD) at 5% level. The results showed that there was an effect on the treatment of solution on parameters of the length of mycelium, mycelium growth when it meets the baglog, aged white oyster mushrooms when pinhead appears, harvest age, fresh weight, number of mushroom hoods, harvest day intervals, and total potential harvest per baglog. Then the diameter of the mushroom hood showed no effect on giving solution. The best solution treatment is the treatment of a mixture of sugar and coconut water (L5) with a composition ratio of 1: 1 with the results obtained with the wet weight of the harvest is better than the others.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521040028 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 630 Agriculture and related technologies |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 25 Jan 2022 06:40 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Feb 2022 01:58 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/188831 |
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