Analisis Distribusi Karang Keras (Scleractinia) Sebagai Penyusun Utama Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Pantai Kutang, Brondong, Kabupaten Lamongan

Purba, Calvin Arauna and Dr. Rudianto,, MA and Dr. Ir. Guntur,, MS (2021) Analisis Distribusi Karang Keras (Scleractinia) Sebagai Penyusun Utama Ekosistem Terumbu Karang di Pantai Kutang, Brondong, Kabupaten Lamongan. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.

Abstract

Karang keras (Scleractinia) adalah salah satu jenis karang pembentuk ekosistem terumbu karang yang utama. Karang keras (Scleractinia) menyediakan substrat dam tempat tinggal bagi berbagai biota serta memiliki fungsi ekologis dan ekonomi. Keanekaragaman genus karang keras (Scleractinia), sebagai penyusun utama terumbu karang pada suatu lokasi tertentu mempunyai faktor pembatas, salah satunya adalah kondisi kualitas perairan. Maka dari itu, pada penelitian ini dilakukan pengambilan data karang dan data kualitas perairan yang berguna untuk mengetahui kondisi kualitas perairan, nilai penutupan karang serta kenekaragaman genus karang keras (Scleractinia) sebagai penyusun utama ekosistem terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang, Brondong, Kabupaten Lamongan. Penelitian dilakukan pada 3 stasiun di Pantai Kutang pada bulan Agustus 2021. Metode pengambilan data yang digunakan yaitu analisis deskriptif kuantitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data secara observasi langsung di lapangan. Pengambilan data terumbu karang dilakukan dengan metode Line Intercept Transect (LIT) sepanjang 100 meter di tiap stasiun. Sedangkan pengambilan data kualitas perairan dilakukan secara in situ dan ex situ. Kemudian setelah data karang didapatkan akan dianalisis untuk mengetahui nilai persentase tutupan karang, mengetahui nilai indeks keanekaragaman, keseragaman dan dominansi, serta identifikasi genus karang keras. Berdasarkan hasil pengukuran kualitas perairan di stasiun penelitian terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang bahwa suhu, pH, dan salinitas memenuhi syarat berdasarkan Keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 51 tahun 2004 tentang kualitas air laut untuk biota air laut khususnya adalah terumbu karang. Sedangkan DO di perairan Pantai Kutang tidak memenuhi syarat. Selain itu, didapatkan hasil pengukuran sedimentasi di Pantai Kutang sebesar 188,86 mg/cm2/hari dan sedimentasi di lokasi penelitian tergolong dalam kategori sangat berat. Kemudian dari hasil pengamatan di tiga stasiun terumbu karang, didapatkan hasil bahwa kondisi tutupan terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang tergolong sangat rusak berdasarkan baku mutu Coremap (2017) karena persentasenya sebesar 12,20%. Sedangkan tingkat keanekaragaman terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang dinilai rendah karena memiliki nilai indeks keanekaragamannya sebesar 1,46 dan hanya ditemukan 4 genus karang keras yaitu Favia, Favites, Galaxea, dan Goniastrea. Sedangkan tingkat keseragaman terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang adalah sedang karena memiliki nilai indeks keseragaman (E) berkisar antara 0,68 hingga 0,78 dengan rata-rata 0,73 serta nilai dominansi yang rendah karena memiliki nilai indeks dominansi (C) berkisar antara 0,3 hingga 0,61 dengan rata-rata 0,47 (C≤0,5) yang menggambarkan tidak adanya spesies yang mendominasi ekosistem terumbu karang di Pantai Kutang

English Abstract

Hard coral (Scleractinia) is one of the main types of coral forming coral reef ecosystems. Hard corals (Scleractinia) provide substrate and habitat for various biota and have ecological and economic functions. The diversity of the hard coral genus (Scleractinia), as the main constituent of coral reefs at a certain location has limiting factors, one of which is the condition of water quality. Therefore, in this study, coral data and water quality data were collected which were useful to determine the condition of water quality, coral cover value and diversity of hard coral genus (Scleractinia) as the main constituent of coral reef ecosystems at Kutang Beach, Brondong, Lamongan Regency. The research was conducted at 3 stations in Kutang Beach in August 2021. The data collection method used was quantitative descriptive analysis with data collection methods by direct observation in the field. Coral reef data was collected using the Line Intercept Transect (LIT) method along 100 meters at each station. Meanwhile, water quality data collection was carried out in situ and ex situ. Then after the coral data is obtained, it will be analyzed to determine the percentage value of coral cover, determine the value of the diversity index, uniformity and dominance, and identify the hard coral genus. Based on the results of water quality measurements at the coral reef research station at Kutang Beach, that temperature, pH, and salinity meet the requirements based on the Decree of the Minister of the Environment Number 51 of 2004 concerning the quality of sea water for marine biota, especially coral reefs. Meanwhile, DO in the waters of Kutang Beach does not meet the requirements. In addition, the results of the measurement of sedimentation at Kutang Beach were 188,86 mg/cm2/day and the sedimentation at the study site was classified in the very heavy category. Then from observations at three coral reef stations, it was found that the condition of coral reef cover at Kutang Beach was classified as very damaged based on the Coremap (2017) quality standard because the percentage was 12.20%. While the level of coral reef diversity in Kutang Beach is considered low because it has a diversity index value of 1.46 and only 4 genera of hard corals were found, namely Favia, Favites, Galaxea, and Goniastrea. While the level of uniformity of coral reefs at Kutang Beach is moderate because it has a uniformity index value (E) ranging from 0.68 to 0.78 with an average of 0.73 and has low dominance of species because it has a dominance index value (C) ranging from 0.3 to 0.61 with an average 0.47 (C≤0.5) which describes there is no species that dominates the coral reef ecosystem in Kutang Beach

Item Type:	Thesis (Sarjana)
Identification Number:	0521080025
Subjects:	500 Natural sciences and mathematics > 551 Geology, hydrology, meteorology > 551.4 Geomorphology and hydrosphere > 551.46 Oceanography and submarine geology
Divisions:	Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Ilmu Kelautan
Depositing User:	soegeng sugeng
Date Deposited:	14 Jan 2022 02:20
Last Modified:	23 Feb 2022 08:44
URI:	http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/188342

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