Rahayu, Gayatri Putri and Ir. Rini Wahyu Sayekti, MS. and Ir. Moch. Solichin, MT., Ph.D. (2021) Studi Penentuan Sebaran Kualitas Air Dengan Metode DOE-WQI, IP, Oregon-WQI, dan Prati Index di Waduk Sutami. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Waduk Sutami menjadi salah satu waduk nasional kedua di Indonesia yang terletak di Desa Karangkates, Kecamatan Sumberpucung, Kabupaten Malang. Waduk Sutami dibangun karena memanfaatkan adanya potensi air Sungai Brantas sebagai tempat menampung air baku, pengendalian banjir, irigasi, pariwisata, perikanan, serta untuk membangkitkan energi listrik. Permasalahan utama yang terjadi di Waduk Sutami ialah adanya penurunan kualitas air yang disebabkan oleh sumber pencemaran dari limbah pertanian di bagian hulu waduk, serta hasil buangan limbah domestik dan aktivitas industri di bagian hilir. Pencemaran air di Waduk Sutami sangat berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan sehingga perlu diketahui mutu airnya agar dapat mengurangi jumlah polutan yang ada. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui penentuan kualitas air dan daya tampung beban pencemaran air di Waduk Sutami. Pengambilan data parameter air berdasarkan stasiun monitoring bagian hulu, tengah, dan hilir pada musim kemarau di tahun 2015-2020. Pemilihan musim tersebut dikarenakan saat musim kemarau kondisi kualitas air masih netral tidak terpengaruh oleh limpasan hujan yang dapat membawa padatan suspensi ataupun polutan pencemar lainnya. Analisis kualitas air pada penelitian ini terdiri dari delapan parameter antara lain BOD, COD, DO, NH3-N (Amonia), TSS, pH, NO3, dan PO4 dengan menggunakan metode DOE-WQI, metode Indeks Pencemaran (IP), metode Oregon-WQI, dan metode Prati Index. Untuk pemetaan sebaran kualitas airnya akan didasarkan pada metode IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted). Dalam menghitung daya tampung beban pencemaran waduk akan ditentukan status trofik waduk menggunakan parameter Total-P di tahun 2016 pada musim kemarau. Hasil yang didapatkan dari penentuan status mutu air di Waduk Sutami pada musim kemarau 2015-2020 dengan menggunakan metode DOE-WQI yaitu 0-3,33% baik dan 96,67%-100% tercemar ringan, berdasarkan metode Indeks Pencemaran sebesar 3,33%- 10% telah memenuhi baku mutu dan 90%-100% tercemar ringan, dengan metode Oregon- WQI didapatkan hasil 6,67%-20% tercemar sedang dan 80%-100% tercemar berat, serta pada metode Prati Index didapatkan prosentase sebesar 100% tercemar ringan. Hasil yang berbeda pada metode Oregon-WQI disebabkan oleh adanya perbedaan penggunaan parameter. Dari keempat metode penentuan status mutu air untuk karateristik ketercemaran air di Waduk Sutami selama 6 tahun yaitu tercemar ringan. Status trofik Waduk Sutami di musim kering tahun 2016 mengalami eutrofikasi sebesar 60% - 80% Eutrof. Kadar Total-P untuk bagian hulu, tengah, dan hilir berturut-turut sebesar 89,20 mg/m3, 86,733 mg/m3, dan 76,667 mg/m3. Besarnya daya tampung beban pencemaran Waduk Sutami pada bagian hulu, tengah, dan hilir secara berurutan yaitu 12,448 mg/m3, 15,291 mg/m3, dan 26,894 mg/m3. Dengan perbandingan kadar Total-P dan nilai daya tampungnya, maka memperlihatkan bahwa kadar Total-P melampaui batas kapasitas tampungan beban pencemaran waduk.
English Abstract
Sutami Reservoir is one of the second national reservoirs in Indonesia, which is located in Karangkates Village, Sumberpucung District, Malang Regency. Sutami Reservoir was built because it utilizes the potential of Brantas River water as a place to accommodate water, flood control, irrigation, tourism, fisheries, and to generate electrical energy. The main problem that occurs in the Sutami Reservoir is a decrease in water quality caused by a source of pollution from agricultural waste in the upstream part of the reservoir, as well as domestic waste products and industrial activities in the downstream. Water pollution in the Sutami Reservoir has a very bad impact on the environment so it is necessary to know the quality of the water in order to reduce the number of pollutants. This research aims to determine the water quality in the Sutami Reservoir. Retrieval data of water parameter based on upstream, middle, and downstream of monitoring stations is during the dry season in 2015-2020. The season selection is due to the fact that during the dry season the water quality conditions are still neutral, not affected by rainy runoff which can bring suspended solids or other pollutants. Analysis of water quality in this study consisted of eight parameters, including BOD, COD, DO, NH3-N (Ammonia), TSS, pH, NO3, and PO4 using the DOE-WQI method, the Pollution Index (IP) method, the Oregon-WQI method, and the Prati Index method. For mapping the distribution of water quality will be based on the IDW (Inverse Distance Weighted) method. In calculating the reservoir's pollution load capacity, the trophic status of the reservoir will be determined using the Total-P parameter in 2016 during the dry season. The results obtained from determining the status of water quality in the Sutami Reservoir based on dry season in 2015-2020 using the DOE-WQI method are 0-3.33% good and 96.67%-100% lightly polluted, based on the Pollution Index method of 3.33 %- 10% has met the quality standards and 90%-100% is lightly polluted, with the Oregon- WQI method the results are 6.67%-20% moderately polluted and 80%-100% heavily polluted, and the Prati Index method obtained a percentage of 100% lightly polluted. The different results in the Oregon-WQI method were caused by differences in the use of parameters. Based on the four methods of determining the water quality status for the characteristics of water pollution in the Sutami Reservoir for 6 years are lightly polluted. The trophic status of the Sutami Reservoir in the dry season of 2016 is eutrophication of 60% - 80% Eutrophic. Total-P levels for the upstream, middle, and downstream sections were 89,20 mg/m3, 86,733 mg/m3, and 76,667 mg/m3. The magnitude of the pollution load capacity of the Sutami Reservoir in the upstream, middle, and downstream parts, are 12,448 mg/m3, 15,291 mg/m3, and 26,894 mg/m3. By comparing the contamined of Total-P and the pollution load capacity, it shows that the levels of Total-P exceed the limit of the reservoir's pollution load capacity.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521070163 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Kata kunci: mutu air, DOE-WQI, indeks pencemaran, oregon-WQI, prati index |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 627 Hydraulic engineering > 627.5 Reclamations, Irrigation, related topics > 627.52 Irrigation |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Pengairan |
| Depositing User: | yulia Chasanah |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Dec 2021 07:45 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Oct 2024 01:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/187249 |
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