Pratiwi, Elma Aprilia (2021) Penggunaan Ekstrak Daun Sirih Merah (Piper crocatum) Sebagai Antibakteri Vibrio harveyi Secara In Vitro. Prof.Dr.Ir. Arief Prajitno, MS dan Budianto, S. Pi., M.P., M.Sc. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kegiatan budidaya ikan memiliki risiko tinggi yang harus selalu diantisipasi karena sering kali dapat menyebabkan kematian massal ikan maupun udang. Penyakit pada budidaya perikanan dapat disebabkan oleh agen infeksi seperti parasit, bakteri, jamur, dan virus, serta agen non infeksi. Salah satunya bateri V. harveyi. Bakteri V. harveyi dapat menyebabkan penyakit vibriosis dengan tingkat kematian udang hingga 80 % dalam beberapa hari. Bahan alternatif alami yang digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan ini adalah dengan menggunakan daun sirih merah. Daun sirih merah mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, polifenolat, tanin, dan minyak atsiri. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Budidaya Ikan Divisi Penyakit dan Kesehatan Ikan, Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari – April 2021. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui penggunaan ekstrak kasar daun sirih merah sebagai antibakteri terhadap bakteri V. harveyi secara in vitro. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode eksperimen. Metode eksperimen merupakan suatu rancangan penelitian yang mengidentifikasi hubungan kausal. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan menggunakan 5 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Dosis perlakuan ekstrak daun sirih merah yaitu: A (50 ppm), B (100 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (200 ppm), dan E (250 ppm). Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa ekstrak daun sirih merah memberikan pengaruh sangat nyata terhadap daya hambat pertumbuhan bakteri V. harveyi dalam uji cakram. Aktivitas antibakteri pada ekstrak kasar daun sirih merah yang memiliki rerata zona hambat tertinggi yaitu pada perlakuan E dengan dosis 250 ppm sebesar 9,42 ± 0,71 mm. Sedangkan aktivitas antibakteri terendah pada perlakuan A dengan dosis 50 ppm dengan rerata zona hambat sebesar 7,32 ± 0,23 mm. Hubungan antara dosis ekstrak kasar daun sirih merah dengan diameter zona hambat yang terbentuk adalah linier dimana persamaan y = 0,012x + 6,769 dan koefisien determinasi (R²) sebesar 0,7273. Kurva ini menunjukkan bahwa dosis perlakuan yang diberikan mengalami peningkatan pada zona hambat. Kesimpulan hasil penelitian adalah ekstrak daun sirih merah dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri dengan dosis yang efektif sebesar 250 ppm. Diameter zona hambat ekstrak daun sirih merah berkisar antara 7,32 ± 0,23 mm - 9,42 ± 0,71 mm yang menandakan bahwa ekstrak kasar daun sirih merah memiliki kategori antibakteri sedang.
English Abstract
Fish farming activities have a high risk that must always be anticipated because it can often cause mass death of fish and shrimp. Diseases in aquaculture can be caused by infectious agents such as parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses, as well as non-infectious agents. One of them is the V. harveyi battery. V. harveyi bacteria can cause vibriosis disease with shrimp mortality rate up to 80% in a few days. The natural alternative material used to overcome this problem is to use red betel leaf. Red betel leaf contains flavonoid compounds, alkaloids, polyphenols, tannins, and essential oils. The research was conducted at the Fish Cultivation Laboratory, Fish Disease and Health Division, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang. The study was conducted in February – April 2021. The purpose of this study was to determine the use of red betel leaf crude extract as an antibacterial against V. harveyi bacteria in vitro. The research method used is the experimental method. The experimental method is a research design that identifies a causal relationship. The experimental design used was a completely randomized design (CRD) using 5 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment doses of red betel leaf extract were: A (50 ppm), B (100 ppm), C (150 ppm), D (200 ppm), and E (250 ppm). The results showed that red betel leaf extract had a very significant effect on the inhibition of the growth of V. harveyi bacteria in the disc test. Antibacterial activity in the crude extract of red betel leaf which had the highest average inhibition zone was in treatment E with a dose of 250 ppm of 9.42 ± 0.71 mm. While the lowest antibacterial activity was in treatment A with a dose of 50 ppm with an average inhibition zone of 7.32 ± 0.23 mm. The relationship between the dose of red betel leaf crude extract and the diameter of the inhibition zone formed was linear where the equation y = 0.012x + 6.769 and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.7273. This curve shows that the treatment dose given has increased in the inhibition zone. The conclusion of the research is that red betel leaf extract can inhibit bacterial growth with an effective dose of 250 ppm. The diameter of the inhibition zone of red betel leaf extract ranged from 7.32 ± 0.23 mm - 9.42 ± 0.71 mm which indicated that the crude red betel leaf extract had a medium antibacterial category.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | 0521080052 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Daun sirih merah, Vibrio harveyi, Vibriosis,Red betel leaf, Vibrio harveyi, Vibriiosis |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.3 Culture of cold-blooded vertebrates |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Perikanan dan Ilmu Kelautan > Budidaya Perairan |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 08 Nov 2021 01:50 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Oct 2024 04:21 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/186619 |
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