Karyadi, Dedy (2019) Optimasi Proses Distilasi Etanol Dari Limbah Cair Pencucian Tepung Porang Kasar Dengan Kurva Permukaan Respon. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Pada akhir proses pencucian tepung porang kasar (TPK) dihasilkan limbah cair berupa senyawa pengotor (pati, protein, lemak, abu, pigmen dan kalsium oksalat) yang tersuspensi di dalam pelarut etanol. Penanganan limbah pelarut dilakukan dengan cara recovery etanol menggunakan metode distilasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui proses optimum distilasi etanol berdasarkan perlakuan suhu dan waktu. Metode optimasi yang digunakan adalah Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dengan rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) pada dua variabel bebas, yaitu suhu proses dan lama waktu dengan respon rendemen distilat dan kadar etanol distilat. Titik minimum suhu dan lama waktu proses yang digunakan adalah 78oC dan 3 jam, sedangkan titik maksimum berada pada suhu 88oC dan lama waktu 5 jam. Hasil optimum yang didapatkan kemudian divalidasi untuk membuktikan apakah solusi titik optimum variabel bebas yang ditampilkan pada software Design Expert 7.1.5 (DX 7.1.5) dapat memberikan respon yang sesuai dengan respon optimum yang telah ditentukan oleh software. Hasil optimum dilanjutkan dengan verifikasi sebanyak 3 kali. Hasil parameter kadar etanol, densitas, warna dan pH setelah diverifikasi dibandingkan dengan produk etanol teknis komersial dengan uji Paired T-Test menggunakan Minitiab 17. Hasil yang didapatkan menunjukkan bahwa waktu distilasi tidak memberikan pengaruh besar terhadap kadar etanol dan rendemen, sedangkan suhu distillasi memberikan pengaruh sebaliknya. Proses optimum distilasi berada pada suhu 82,880C dan waktu 3,94 jam. Proses ini diprediksi dapat menghasilkan kadar etanol 81,23% dan rendemen 27,54%. Hasil verifikasi menunjukkan kadar etanol 79,79% dan rendemen 27,73%. Hasil verifikasi telah sesuai dengan prediksi yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai p-value lebih dari 0,05 untuk respon kadar etanol dan rendemen. Uji Paired T-Test menunjukkan bahwa etanol hasil recovery belum sesuai kriteria yang diharapkan. Kadar dan densitas etanol optimum lebih rendah dibandingkan etanol teknis komersial sedangkan parameter warna dan pH sudah sesuai dengan etanol teknis komersia
English Abstract
The final process of leaching crude porang flour (CPF) was produced liquid waste contain impurities compounds (starch, protein, fat, ash, pigment, and calcium oxalate) suspended in ethanol solvents. Solvent waste handling was carried out by ethanol recovery used distillation method. This research purpose was to determine the optimum process of ethanol distillation based on temperature and time treatment. Optimization method used was Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the design of Central Composite Design (CCD) on two independent variables, namely process temperature (X1) and length of time (X2) with yield and ethanol content of distillate as responses. The minimum temperature point and length of distillation time used is 78oC for 3 hours, while the maximum point is at 88oC for 5 hours. The optimum results obtained were then validated to prove whether the optimum variable independent solution displayed in the Design Expert 7.1.5 (DX 7.1.5.) software could provide a response that was in accordance with the optimum response determined by the software. The recheck of optimum results were conducted in three replications. The parameter results of ethanol content, density, color and pH after being verified compared to commercial technical ethanol products with the Paired T-Test using Minitiab 17. The experiments results that distillation time didn’t have a big influence for ethanol content and yield and vice versa for distillation temperature. The optimum distillation process at temperature of 82.880C for 3.94 hours. This process resulted were 81,23% ethanol content and yield of 27.54%. Verification of results showed the ethanol content and yield of distillate were 79,79% and 27.73%, respectively. The verification results was accordingly with the software prediction indicated by the p-value of more than 0.05 for theethanol content and distilate yield. The Paired T-Test showed that ethanol recovery didn’t appropriate the expected criteria. The optimum response showed the ethanol content and density was lower than commercial technical ethanol, while the color and pH parameters were appropriate with commercial technical ethanol.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2019/611/052002498 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Distilasi, etanol, kurva permukaan respon, limbah cair, Distillation, ethanol, liquid waste, response surface curves |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 363 Other social problems and services > 363.7 Environmental problems > 363.72 Sanitation > 363.728 Wastes > 363.728 2 Recycling |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 17 Sep 2020 02:26 |
| Last Modified: | 17 Sep 2020 02:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/181638 |
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