Antonius, Robert (2020) Pemanfaatan Limbah Cair Tahu (Whey) sebagai Bahan Pembuatan Bioplastik. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tahu merupakan produk pangan olahan kedelai yang digemari oleh masyarakat Indonesia dengan minat konsumsi mencapai 7.3 kg/kapita/ tahun. Proses produksi tahu menghasilkan limbah cair (whey) yang seringkali dibuang langsung ke badan sungai dan mencemari lingkungan oleh para pengusaha tahu karena tidak tersedianya fasilitas pengolahan limbah. Whey tahu dapat dimanfaatkan menjadi material murni selulosa nata de soya melalui proses fermentasi oleh bakteri Acetobacter xylinum. Penggunaan selulosa sebagai bahan pembuatan bioplastik memiliki keterbatasan karena sifatnya yang hidrofilik, dan kekuatan mekanik yang rendah. Dalam penelitian digunakan gliserol sebagai plasticizer dan kitosan sebagai penguat alami dalam pembuatan bioplastik dengan metode melt intercalation. Gliserol divariasikan ke dalam 3 taraf yaitu 1.0, 1.5, dan 2.0 ml. Sementara kitosan divariasikan ke dalam 3 taraf yaitu 1.5, 2.3, 3.1 gram. Bioplastik yang dihasilkan selanjutnya dianalisa melalui parameter ketebalan, kuat tarik, perpanjangan putus, elastisitas, dan daya serap air. Analisa statistic dilakukan melalui uji Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) (dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%). Hasil terbaik dari 9 sampel perlakuan bioplastik terdapat pada variasi K2G2 yang memiliki rerata ketebalan 0.056 mm, kuat tarik sebesar 0.1625 kgf/cm2 , perpanjangan putus sebesar 45%, modulus elastisitas sebesar 0.0036 kgf/cm2 , dan daya serap air sebesar 26.08%. Secara umum, melalui uji ANOVA diperoleh kesimpulan yaitu faktor penambahan kitosan, gliserol, dan kombinasi keduanya mempengaruhi hasil karakterisasi parameter uji bioplastik.
English Abstract
Tofu is a processed soybean food product that is favored in Indonesia. Which consumption rates reaches approximately 7,3 kg/person/year. Tofu manufacturing generated liquid waste (whey), which usually thrown away into waterbody and causing serious environmental damages by industries which have no waste water treatment facilities. Whey can be utilized become pure of cellulose material or so called nata de soya by using Acetobacter xylinum bacteria through fermentation process.however thera are some slimitations for developing celluose due to its hydrophilic and present poor tensile strength. This research using glycerol as plasticizer and chitosan as reinforcing agent in bioplastic making process by using melt intercalation method. Glycerol are varied into three levels, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 mL. Then chitosan are varied into three levels 1.5, 2.3, and 3.1 gr. Formed bioplastic are characterized by several testing method, such as thickness measurements, tensile strength, elongation at break, elastic modulus, and water absorption. Statistical analysis was applied on the result using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) methodd, then continued by using Tukey Test (at a 95% confidence interval). The research established from all 9 bioplastic treatment samples, K2G2 present the best bioplastic characteristic, which the average of thickness measurements of 0.0056 mm, tensile strength of 0.1625 kgf/cm2 , elongation at break of 45%, elasticity of 0,0036 kgf/cm2 , water absorption of 26.08%. Generally, statistical analysis that was done by ANOVA method establish that the addition of chitosan mass, glycerol volume, and the interaction between chitosan and glycerol affected bioplastic characterization result
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2020/31/052002903 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | bioplastik, gliserol, kitosan, whey, bioplastic, chitosan, glycerol, whe |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 658 General management > 658.5 Management of production > 658.56 Product control, packaging; waste control and utilization |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:38 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Sep 2024 01:13 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/181262 |
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