Kiasati, Qisthi Hilmi (2020) Pengaruh Pemberian Mikoriza Arbuskula (MA) terhadap Serapan P, Pertumbuhan, dan Hasil Kedelai Galur Biji Besar pada Inceptisol Kendalpayak. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan kedelai di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan tiap tahunnya namun produksinya menurun. Inceptisol memiliki permasalahan yaitu memiliki pH masam, bahan organik rendah, dan kesuburan tanah relatif rendah. Salah satu solusi yang dapat dilakukan adalah pemberian MA. MA memiliki jalinan hifa eksternal yang akan memperluas bidang serapan air dan hara dan mengeluarkan enzim fosfatase sehingga P yang terikat dalam tanah akan terlarut dan tersedia bagi tanaman. MA memiliki hormon pemacu tumbuh, MA juga mampu meningkatkan jumlah polong, jumlah biji, serta bobot 100 biji kedelai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh pemberian MA dan interaksi antara pemberian MA dan galur biji besar terhadap serapan P, pertumbuhan, dan hasil tanaman kedelai. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Balai Penelitian Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (BALITKABI) pada bulan Mei sampai dengan Oktober 2019. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial (RALF) dengan 2 faktor. Faktor pertama yaitu benih kedelai galur biji besar (G) dengan 5 taraf yaitu Varietas Dega-1 (G1), Cheongja/Argomulyo-61 (G2), Daehwang/Argomulyo-89 (G3), Daewon/Argomulyo-94 (G4), dan Geongjeongsaenol/Argomulyo-60 (G5). Faktor kedua yaitu dosis mikoriza (M) genus Glomus sp dan Acaulospora sp yang terdiri dari 4 taraf yaitu M0 (kontrol), M1 (15 g/5 kg tanah), M2 (30 g/5 kg tanah), dan M3 (45 g/5 kg tanah). Variabel pengamatan yaitu pada 35 HST meliputi tinggi tanaman, berat segar per tanaman, berat kering per tanaman, pH, P-tersedia, serapan P, jumlah spora, dan koloni MA pada akar, sedangkan pada 75 HST meliputi total polong, bobot 100 biji, dan bobot biji per tanaman. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan ANOVA dengan uji taraf 5% kemudian dilanjutkan dengan uji lanjut DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) serta uji korelasi dan regresi untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel pengamatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian mikoriza arbuskula (MA) dosis 45 g/5 kg tanah berpengaruh nyata meningkatkan serapan P sebesar 44,44%, pertumbuhan meliputi tinggi tanaman, berat segar tanaman, dan berat kering tanaman berturut-turut sebesar 13,06%, 19,43%, dan 18,65%, serta hasil kedelai galur biji besar meliputi total polong, bobot 100 biji, dan bobot biji per tanaman berturut-turut sebesar 22,85%, 16,18%, dan 17,15% dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol. Tidak terdapat interaksi antara pemberian mikoriza arbuskula (MA) dan galur biji besar, namun keduanya sama-sama berpengaruh nyata terhadap serapan P, bobot 100 biji, bobot biji per tanaman berturut-turut sebesar 0,12 g/tanaman, 17,58 g, 22,16 g terdapat pada G2 (Cheongja/Argomulyo-61) dan tinggi tanaman sebesar 52,20 cm terdapat pada G5 (Geongjeongsaenol/Argomulyo-60). Namun untuk berat segar tanaman, berat kering tanaman berturut-turut sebesar 32,25 g, 9,50 g terdapat pada G5 (Geongjeongsaenol/Argomulyo-60), dan total polong sebesar 42 polong terdapat pada G2 (Cheongja/Argomulyo-61) yang hanya dipengaruhi secara nyata oleh MA
English Abstract
Soybean demand in Indonesia improves every year, but production declines. Inceptisol is a potential soil that spread widely around Indonesia, but has problems such as acidic pH, low organic matter, and low of soil fertility. One solution that can be used is the effect of AM. AM has ties external hyphae which will expand the field of water and nutrient uptake and taking out a phosphatase enzyme so that P that was bound in the soil will be dissolved and available for plants. AM has a hyper growth hormone that can affect the growth and yield more optimal. AM is also able to increase the production of soybean plants with increased number of pods, number of seeds, and 100 seeds weight. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the interaction between the AM and the AM distribution and large seed soybean lines against P uptake, growth, and yield of soybean. Research was conducted in Indonesian Legume and Tuber Crops Research Institute on May until October 2019. This study used a Completely Randomized Design Factorial (CRDF) with two factors. The first factor was soybean seed large seed soybean lines (G) with 5 levels, i.e. varieties Dega-1 (G1), Cheongja × Argomulyo-61 (G2), Daehwang × Argomulyo-89 (G3), Daewon × Argomulyo-94 (G4), and Geongjeongsaenol × Argomulyo-60 (G5). The second factor was the dose of mycorrhizal (M) genus Glomus sp and Acaulospora sp consisting of 4 levels, i.e. M0 (control), M1 (15 g/5 kg of soil), M2 (30 g/5 kg of soil), and M3 (45 g/5 kg of soil). Variable at 35 HST observations in terms of height, fresh weight per plant, dry weight per plant, pH, P-available, uptake P, the number of spores, and the colonies AM at the root, while the HST included a total of 75 pods, 100-seed weight and seed weight per plant. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with 5% level of significance, then followed by a further test DMRT (Duncan Multiple Range Test) also correlation and regression to determine the relationship between variables observation. The results showed that the distribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) dose of 45 g/5 kg soil significantly increased the uptake of P 44.44%, growth included height, plant fresh weight, and plant dry weight respectively 13.06%, 19.43%, and 18.65%, and the yield of soybean lines included a total large seed pods, 100 seed weight, and grain weight per plant of 22.85%, 16.18%, and 17.15% compared to the control treatment. The distribution of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (MA) and a large seed soybean lines did not have interaction, but both were equally significant in increased P uptake, 100 seeds weight, grain weight per plant, growth, 100 seeds weight, and grain weight per plant respectively 0,12 g/plant, 17.58 g, 22.16 g in G2 (Cheongja/Argomulyo-61) and height of soybean plant which was 52.20 cm in G5 (Geongjeongsaenol/Argomulyo-60). However for plant fresh weight, plant dry weight respectively 32.25 g, 9.50 g in G5 (Geongjeongsaenol/Argomulyo-60) and total large seed pods which were 42 pods in G2 (Cheongja/Argomulyo-61) which was only significantly influenced by the A
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2020/5/052003659 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.3 Legumes, forage crops other than grasses and legumes > 633.34 Soybeans |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 18 Aug 2020 03:18 |
| Last Modified: | 09 Jan 2023 02:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/181062 |
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