Susanti, Asmaul (2019) Rancang Bangun Alat Pengering Benih Jagung (Zea Mays L.) Berbasis Pengendali Suhu. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Produksi dan kebutuhan jagung di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan. Berdasarkan data dari Badan Ketahanan Pangan (BKP) Kementan, kebutuhan jagung pada tahun 2018 diperkirakan sebesar 15,5 juta ton pipilan kering, terdiri dari: pakan ternak sebesar 7,76 juta ton pipilan kering, peternak mandiri 2,52 juta ton pipilan kering, untuk benih 120 ribu ton pipilan kering, dan industri pangan 4,76 juta ton pipilan kering. Peningkatan kebutuhan jagung berbanding lurus dengan permintaan benih jagung. Salah satu proses yang mempengaruhi kualitas benih jagung ialah pengeringan. Pengeringan bertujuan untuk menurunkan kadar air, kandungan air yang cukup tinggi dapat menurunkan daya kecambah benih. Selain itu suhu pada proses pengeringan untuk benih jagung tidak boleh lebih dari 45o C. Tujuan penelitian adalah membuat alat pengering benih jagung berbasis tipe batch dryer pengendali suhu, mengetahui laju pengeringan pada suhu 35±2 dan 40±2 oC, serta pengeringan matahari, dan mengetahui daya kecambah benih. Metode perancangan alat dilakukan dengan perancangan struktural dan perancangan fungsional, alat pengering memiliki dimensi 55x40x30 cm. Alat pengering menggunakan kontrol on/off untuk mengendalikan suhu di ruang pengering. Pengujian daya berkecambah benih menggunakan uji kertas digulung plastik, pengujian dilakukan sebanyak 4 ulangan dengan jumlah benih 50 tiap ulangan. Untuk mengetahui perbedaan laju pengeringan menggunakan alat dan konvensional serta perbedaan daya berkecambah digunakan metode experimental dimana uji statistika yang digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan menggunakan uji t-test.ix Berdasarkan pengujian kontrol on/off lama waktu yang diperlukan untuk mencapai set point suhu 35 oC yaitu 30 menit dan untuk mencapai set point suhu 40 oC yaitu 45 menit. Laju pengeringan benih jagung menggunakan pengering matahari sebesar 1,84 gr/jam, pengering suhu 35 oC sebesar 5,63 gr/jam , dan pengering suhu 40 oC sebesar 7,48 gr/jam. Hasil uji daya tumbuh benih jagung menggunakan pengering matahari sebesar 84%, pengering suhu 35 oC sebesar 92%, dan pengering suhu 40 oC sebesar 82%.
English Abstract
Corn productivity and needs in indonesia has increase. According to Badan Ketahanan Pangan (BKP), corn needs in 2018 is amount of 15,5 million ton of dry shelled consisting of: 7.76 million tons of animal feed, 2.52 million tons of farmers, 120 thousand tons of seed, and 4.76 million tons of food industry. Increasing the demand for maize is directly proportional to the demand for maize seeds. One process that affects the quality of maize seed is the drying process. The one of purpose drying process is to decrease moisture content. The high of moisture content in material can make some damage, such as decrease germination of seed. Objectives of the research are to design maize seed dryer machine with temperature control, To know difference between the drying of the batch dryer temperature variation 35 ± 2 oC, 40 ± 2 oC and conventional drying of the drying rate and to know between conventional drying and drying type of batch dryer on the germination of maize seeds. Design method that use in this research are strucural and functional design. The dimenssion of druer machine is 55x40x30 cm. Dryer machine using on/off control, to control temperature in the drying room. Maize seed germination testing in laboratory scale use paper media. Germination testing do in four repeat for every treatment of drying process. One repat of germination using 50 maize seed. In testing the drying process and germination use true experimental design, the effect of treatment in the study was analyzed by different tests using statistical t-test.xi Based on testing of on/off control the time needed to reach setpoint temperature 35 oC is 30 minutes and to reach setpoint temperature 40 oC is 45 minutes. Drying rate of maize seed at setpoint temperature 35 oC is 5,63 gr/jam, at setpoint temperature 40 oC is 7,48 gr/jam and sun drying is 1,64 gr/jam. Germination of seed use drying temperature 35 oC is 92%, sun drying 84%, drying temperature 40 oC 82%.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2019/203/052002206 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Benih, Jagung, Kontrol on/off, Pengeringan, Drying Process, Maize, on/off control, Seed |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.3 Tools, machinery, apparatus, equipment / Agricultural engineering |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Keteknikan Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 07:17 |
| Last Modified: | 21 Oct 2021 06:20 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/180097 |
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