Anggraini, Ikke (2019) Analisis Pendapatan Usahatani Tebu Dan Upaya Peningkatan Pendapatan Rumah Tangga Petani (Kasus Di Desa Pingkuk Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tujuan akhir (goal) dari penelitian ini yaitu untuk memperoleh masukan dalam upaya peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Desa Pingkuk, Kecamatan Bendo, Kabupaten Magetan. Untuk mencapai goal tersebut, penelitian ini penting dilakukan karena adanya beberapa gap yang terjadi antara fenomena empiris dengan fenomena teoritis. Berdasarkan fenomena empiris, tebu merupakan bahan baku utama dalam industri gula. Provinsi Jawa Timur merupakan produsen tebu terbesar di Indonesia dengan jumlah kontribusi mencapai 48.26% terhadap total produksi tebu nasional (Pusat Data dan Informasi Pertanian, 2016). Salah satu kecamatan di Kabupaten Magetan yang dikenal sebagai daerah penghasil tebu perkebunan rakyat terbesar adalah di Kecamatan Bendo dengan luas panen pada tahun 2014 sebesar 1430 Ha dan jumlah produksi tebu sebanyak 91.806 Kw (BPS, 2016). Berdasarkan fenomena teoritis, Menurut Gustiana (2017) salah satu indikator keberhasilan suatu usahatani bergantung pada pendapatan yang diterima petani tersebut. Petani di Desa Pingkuk rata-rata melakukan kegiatan usahatani tebu namun pendapatan petani di desa tersebut belum maksimal karena kepemilikan luas lahan budidaya tebu di lahan kering/tegalan yang sempit dan petani menjual hasil panennya kepada tengkulak. Untuk mencukupi kebutuhan rumah tangga maka petani melakukan usahatani selain tebu seperti padi dan cabai, selain itu petani maupun anggota keluarga yang lain juga banyak yang bekerja di bidang non usahatani. Penelitian mengenai pendapatan usahatani tebu sudah banyak dilakukan. Namun, penelitian tersebut tidak menganalis pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga petani. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini penting dilakukan agar diperoleh masukan dalam upaya peningkatan pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Desa Pingkuk, Kecamatan Bendo, Kabupaten Magetan. Masalah penelitian ini dirumuskan sebagai “Sejauh mana pendapatan usahatani tebu berpengaruh terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani”. Secara rinci permasalahan penelitian tersebut dirumuskan beberapa pertanyaan sebagai berikut : 1. Bagaimana tingkat pendapatan usahatani tebu di Desa Pingkuk Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan ? 2. Bagaimana tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Desa Pingkuk Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan ? 3. Seberapa besar kontribusi pendapatan usahatani tebu terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Desa Pingkuk Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan ?ii 4. Apa saja faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan rumah tangga petani di Desa Pingkuk Kecamatan Bendo Kabupaten Magetan ? Dalam penelitian ini metode penentuan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode proportionate stratified random sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 33 petani tebu. Metode analisis data yang digunakan disesuaikan dengan tujuan dalam penelitian ini. Tujuan pertama dianalisis dengan membandingkan tingkat pendapatan usahatani tebu pada daerah penelitian dengan pendapatan usahatani tebu pada penelitian terdahulu dengan menggunakan uji beda rata-rata. Tujuan kedua dianalisis dengan membandingkan tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga petani pada daerah penelitian dengan pendapatan rumah tangga petani pada penelitian terdahulu dengan menggunakan uji beda rata-rata. Tujuan ketiga untuk mengetahui kontribusi pendapatan usahatani tebu terhadap pendapatan total rumah tangga petani dilakukan perhitungan proporsi pendapatan total rumah tangga petani. Tujuan keempat untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pendapatan rumah tangga petani dianalisis dengan menggunakan regresi liniear berganda. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan maka didapatkan hasil dari penelitian ini sebagai berikut: 1. Rata-rata tingkat pendapatan usahatani tebu di daerah penelitian masih tergolong rendah. Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani tebu di daerah penelitian pada tahun 2018 sebesar Rp. 26.825.045/Ha sedangkan rata-rata usahatani tebu pada tiga hasil penelitian terdahulu antara tahun 2015 – 2018 di Jawa Timur sebesar Rp. 36.460.684/Ha. Perbedaan tingkat pendapatan nyata pada α 0,01 ; thitung sebesar 20,439. 2. Rata-rata tingkat pendapatan rumah tangga petani di daerah penelitian masih tergolong rendah. Rata-rata pendapatan rumah tangga petani di daerah penelitian tahun 2018 sebesar Rp. 2.163.079/bulan sedangkan rata-rata pendapatan rumah tangga petani pada tiga hasil penelitian terdahulu antara tahun 2014 – 2017 di Indonesia sebesar Rp. 3.778.950/bulan. Perbedaan tingkat pendapatan nyata pada α 0,01 ; thitung sebesar 7,466. 3. Pendapatan usahatani tebu memberikan kontribusi tertinggi terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di daerah penelitian yaitu sebesar 40%, kemudian diikuti oleh kontribusi pendapatan non usahatani sebesar 37% dan kontribusi pendapatan usahatani lain sebesar 23%. 4. Variabel lama pendidikan, jumlah anggota keluarga bekerja dan luas lahan usahatani berpengaruh positif terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani di daerah penelitian. Artinya semakin tinggi variabel-variabel tersebut akan semakin tinggi pula pendapatan rumah tangganya. Sedangkan variabel umur tidak terlihat pengaruhnya terhadap pendapatan rumah tangga petani karena umur yang masih produktif ataupun umur yang sudah lanjut tetap bisa memperoleh pendapatan sesuai dengan kegiatan ekonomi yang dilakukan.
English Abstract
The goal of this study is to obtain input in efforts to increase household income of farmers in the Pingkuk Village, Bendo District, Magetan Regency. To achieve this goal, this research is important because there are some gaps that occur between empirical phenomena and theoritical phenomena. Based on empirical phenomena, sugar cane is the main raw material in the sugar industry. East Java Province is the largest sugar cane producer in Indonesia with a total contribution of 48.26% of the total national sugarcane production (Agriculture Data and Information Center, 2016). One of the sub-districts in Magetan Regency, which is known as the largest sugar cane plantation producing area, is in Bendo District with a harvest area in 2014 of 1430 Ha and a total of sugar cane production of 91,806 Kw (BPS, 2016). Based on theoretical phenomena, according to Gustiana (2017) one indicator of the success of a farm depends on the income received by the farmer. Farmers in Pingkuk Village usually do sugarcane farming but farmers' income in the village is not yet optimal because of the extensive ownership of sugarcane cultivation in dry land/dry fields and farmers selling their crops to middlemen. To meet the needs of the household, farmers do farming besides sugar cane such as rice and chili, besides that farmers and other family members also work in non-farming fields. Research on sugarcane farming income has been carried out. However, the study did not analyze its effect on the total income of farm households. Therefore, this research is important in order to obtain input in an effort to increase farm household income in Pingkuk Village, Bendo District, Magetan Regency. The problem in this study is formulated as “To what extent the income of sugar cane farm affects the farmers’ household income”. In detail, the research problems were formulated as follows: 1. What is the income level of sugar cane farming in Pingkuk Village, Bendo District, Magetan Regency? 2. What is the income level of farm household in Pingkuk Village, Bendo District, Magetan Regency? 3. How big is the contribution of sugar cane farming income to farmers' household income of in PingkukVillage, Bendo District, Magetan Regency? 4. What are the factors that affect the farmers' household income in Pingkuk Village, Bendo District, Magetan Regency? In this study the method of determining the sample used proportionate stratified random sampling method with a total sample of 33 sugarcane farmers.iv The data analysis method used is adapted to the objectives of this study. The first objective was analyzed by comparing the level of income of sugarcane farming in the research area with sugarcane farming income in previous studies used the average difference test. The second objective was analyzed by comparing household income levels of farmers in the research area with a household income of farmers in previous studies used the average difference test. The third objective is to determine the contribution of sugarcane farming income to the total income of farmer households by calculating the proportion of total farm household income. The fourth objective is to find out the factors that influence the household income of farmers analyzed using multiple linear regression. The fourth objective is to determine the contribution of sugarcane farming income to the total income of farmer households by calculating the proportion of total farm household income. Based on the analysis, the results of this study are as follows: 1. The average level of sugarcane farming income in the study area is still relatively low. The average income of sugarcane farming in the study area in 2018 is Rp. 26.825.045/Ha while the average sugarcane farming in the three previous research results between 2015 – 2018 in East Java was Rp. 36.460.684/Ha. Differences in the level of income real at α 0.01; tstatistics is 20,439. 2. The average level of farm household income in the study area is still relatively low. The average income of farm household in the study area in 2018 is Rp.2.163.079/month while the average farmer’s household income in the three previous research results between 2014 – 2017 in Indonesia was Rp.3.778.950/month. Differences in the level of income real at α 0.01; tstatistics is 7,466. 3. The income of sugarcane farming has the highest contribution to the farmer’s households income in the study area which is equal to 40%, followed by the contribution of non-farm income of 37% and the contribution of other farm income by 23%. 4. The variables of education level, number of working family members and farmland area had a positive effect on farmer household income in the study area. This means that the higher the variables, the household income will increase. While the age variable does not look effect on the household income of farmers because the productive age or advanced age can still earn income in accordance with the economic activities undertaken.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/947/052000939 |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 339 Macroeconomics and related topics > 339.4 Factors affecting income and wealth |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Sosial Ekonomi Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 08:11 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Oct 2021 07:14 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179532 |
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