Putraweka, Dirgamas (2019) Keanekaragaman Dan Potensi Jamur Dari Serasah Daun Pinus Sebagai Agens Antagonis Di Kawasan Hutan Pendidikan Ub, Malang. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Jamur antagonis sebagai agens hayati, efektif mengendalikan penyakit tanaman. Jamur antagonis sebagai agens hayati, diperoleh dari serasah daun pinus di hutan UB. Penelitian tentang habitat serasah daun pinus, dibutuhkan untuk memberikan informasi tentang potensi serasah daun pinus antara lain jenis jamur yang ada dan keanekaragaman serta potensi antagonistik. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui jenis jamur antagonis dan menganalisis tingkat keanekaragaman serta tingkat antagonistik jamur dari serasah daun pinus. Sampel daun pinus berasal dari lahan monokultur pinus dan tumpangsari pinus - kopi. Studi dilakukan dengan mengambil sampel serasah daun pinus dari lahan monokultur pinus dan tumpangsari pinus – kopi untuk dianalisis keanekaragaman jamur. Analisis terdiri dari isolasi, purifikasi, identifikasi isolat jamur dan pengujian antagonis isolat jamur. Isolasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode langsung dan tidak langsung dengan cara pencucian dan penyaringan menggunakan kertas saring (Ilyas, 2007). Purifikasi dilakukan pada setiap koloni jamur yang berbeda berdasarkan morfologi jamur, meliputi warna dan bentuk koloni jamur. Identifikasi isolat jamur dilakukan dengan pengamatan morfologi berdasarkan pada kunci identifikasi menurut Gandjar et al., (1999) dan Watanabe (2002). Analisis keanekaragaman menggunakan rumus Indeks Keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener. Pengujian antagonistik isolat jamur dilakukan pada 16 isolat koloni jamur terhadap patogen Fusarium moniliforme. Pengamatan antagonistik dilakukan selama 7 hari dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis ragam, apabila hasil pengujian berbeda nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan pada taraf kesalahan 5%. Dari hasil isolasi jamur serasah daun pinus pada lahan tumpangsari pinus - kopi dan monokultur pinus diperoleh 16 isolat koloni jamur dari 7 genus jamur. Genus jamur dari lahan monokultur pinus yaitu Acremonium, Fusarium, Penicillium dan Trichoderma. Genus jamur dari lahan tumpangsari pinus - kopi yaitu genus Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Mortierella dan Trichoderma. Nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman Jamur (IKJ) lahan tumpangsari pinus – kopi (H’ = 1,95) lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan IKJ lahan monokultur pinus (H’ = 1,39). Keanekaragaman jamur yang bersifat antagonis berindikasi kuat untuk memprediksi apakah serasah daun pinus di hutan pendidikan UB berpotensi sebagai habitat jamur antagonis bagi F. moniliforme. Genus antagonis Penicillium dengan daya hambat tertinggi (72,38%), disarankan diteliti antagonistiknya bagi F. moniliforme di lapang.
English Abstract
Antagonist fungi as biological agents, are effective in controlling plant diseases. Antagonistic fungi as biological agents, obtained from pine leaf litter in UB Forest. Research on pine leaf litter habitat is needed to provide information about the potential of pine leaf litter between other types of fungi that exist and the diversity and antagonistic potential. The purpose of this study was to study the types of antagonistic fungi and analyze the level of diversity and levels of fungal antagonists from pine leaf litter. Pine leaf samples come from pine monoculture and intercropping pine - coffee. The study was carried out by taking pine leaf litter samples from pine monoculture and intercropping pine-coffee land use to analyze fungi diversity. The analysis consisted of isolation, purification, identification of fungal isolates and antagonist testing of fungal isolates. Isolation is done using direct and indirect methods by washing and filtering using filter paper (Ilyas, 2007). Purification was carried out on each different fungal colony based on fungal morphology, including the color and shape of the fungal colonies. Identification of fungal isolats was carried out by observing morphology based on identification keys according to Gandjar et al., (1999) and Watanabe (2002). Diversity analysis uses the Shannon-Wiener Diversity Index formula. Antagonistic testing of fungal isolats was carried out on 16 fungal colony isolats against the pathogen Fusarium moniliforme. Antagonistic observation was carried out for 7 days and analyzed using variance analysis, if the test results were significantly different then continued with the Duncan test at the error level of 5%. From the results of isolation of pine leaf litter fungi on intercropping pinecoffee and pine monoculture land use, 16 isolates of fungal colonies from 7 genus of fungi were obtained. Genus of fungi from pine monoculture, namely Acremonium, Fusarium, Penicillium and Trichoderma. The fungal genus from intercropping pinecoffee land use are the genera Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Fusarium, Mortierella and Trichoderma. Fungi Diversity Index value (“IKJ = Indeks Keanekaragaman Jamur”) of intercropping pine – coffee land use (H '= 1,95) is higher than IKJ of pine monoculture (H' = 1,39). Strongly indicated antagonistic diversity of fungi to predict whether pine leaf litter in UB Forest has the potential as a fungal antagonistic habitat for F. moniliforme. Penicillium antagonists with the highest inhibition (72,38%), are suggested to be antagonistically studied for F. moniliforme in the field
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/844/052000888 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.8 Mushrooms and truffles |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 07:54 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Oct 2021 06:33 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/179111 |
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