Hanafi, Ade (2019) Analisis Persepsi Nelayan Dan Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Ketaatan Nelayan Pada Kebijakan Perikanan Tangkap Di Kota Probolinggo. Magister thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Setiap negara yang turut serta dalam pegelolaan perikanan diarahkan untuk memberlakukan kesepakatan FAO (1995) yaitu Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Indonesia dalam pengelolaan perikanan sendiri telah membuat beberapa kebijakan melalui Kementerian Kelautan dan Perikanan (KKP) dengan salah satu produk hukumnya Permen KP No. 71 Tahun 2016 tentang pengaturan alat penangkap ikan. salah satu daerah terdampak kebijkaan tersebut yaitu Kota Probolinggo, karena masih terdapat alat penangkap ikan yang tidak sesuai dengan kebijakan tersebut. Namun efektivitas kebijakan atau peraturan khususnya penangkapan ikan pada dasarnya bergantung pada sejauh mana nelayan mematuhi peraturan tersebut. Peningkatan ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan salah satunya dengan mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhinya seperti persepsi. Dalam melakukan pengkajian mengenai persepsi nelayan, maka tidak boleh dipisahkan dari karakteristik sosial ekonominya. Berbeda nelayan berbeda pula karakteristiknya, sehingga memungkinkan untuk memiliki persepsi yang berbeda pada suatu hal yang sama. Adapun tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu menganalisis status dan kesesuaian alat penangkap ikan di Kota Probolinggo pada kebijakan pengelolaan perikanan, membandingkan persepsi nelayan terhadap kreteria alat penangkapan ikan yang ramah lingkungan, persepsi nelayan terhadap sumberdaya ikan dan ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan perikanan berdasarkan alat penangkap ikan dan Menentukan faktor - faktor yang mempengaruhi ketaatan nelayan. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan November 2018 sampai dengan bulan Januari 2019 di Kota Probolinggo dan menggunakan metode survei. Yaitu dengan wawancara terstruktur dengan menggunakan daftar pertanyaan (kuisioner) yang telah disiapkan sebelumnya dengan alternatif jawaban yang sudah ditentukan. Pengambilan sampel dengan teknik insidental sampling kepada 130 nelayan yang mengunakan alat penangkap ikan (API) bagan, cantrang, gillnet, purse seine, pancing dan bubu, serta memiliki ukuran kapal penangkap ikan kurang dari 30 GT. Metode analisis dengan menggunakan (1) analisis status dan kesesuaian API ramah lingkungan yang sesuai kebijakan; (2) analisis data persepsi dan ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan; dan (3) analisis faktor – faktor yang mempengaruhi ketaatan nelayan mengunakan structural equation model. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Pada Kota Probolinggo diperoleh bahwa API purse seine, pancing, bubu, bagan, dan gillnet termasuk dalam kriteria API yang sangat ramah lingkungan dan termasuk dalam API yang tidak dilarang beroperasi di WPPNRI sesuai dengan Permen KP No 71/2016. API cantrang termasuk dalam kriteria ramah lingkungan menurut persepsi nelayan dan termasuk API yang dilarang dalam Permen KP No 71/2016. Terdapat perbedaan persepsi nelayan terhadap API ramah lingkungan yang sesuai CCRF, persepsi nelayan terhadap SDI dan ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan perikanan berdasarkan alat penangkap ikan. x Faktor yang mempengaruhi ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan perikanan berkelanjutan yaitu pengaruh langsung dari karakteristik sosial-ekonomi nelayan, dan indikatornya yaitu pendapatan nelayan dan ukuran kapal ikan. Sedangkan faktor yang pengaruh tidak langsung melalui variabel perantara yaitu persepsi nelayan terhadap API menurut CCRF pada ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan perikanan berkelanjutan dengan indikator, tidak merusak habitat dan organisme lain, API tidak membahayakan nelayan, dampak minimum terhadap keanekaragaman hayati, dan selektifitas API. Selanjutnya persepsi nelayan terhadap keberadaan SDI pada ketaatan nelayan terhadap kebijakan perikanan berkelanjutan dengan indikator keberadaan stok ikan dan laju produksi perikanan.
English Abstract
Every country that participates in fisheries management is directed to implement the FAO agreement (1995), namely the Code of Conduct for Responsible Fisheries. Indonesia in fisheries management itself has made several policies through the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (KKP) with one of its legal products. 71 of 2016 concerning the regulation of fishing gear. one of the affected areas is the City of Probolinggo, because there are still fishing gear that are not in accordance with the policy. However, the effectiveness of policies or regulations specifically for fishing basically depends on the extent to which fishermen comply with these regulations. The increase in fishermen's compliance with the policy is one of them by knowing the factors that influence it such as perception. In conducting studies on the perceptions of fishermen, it must not be separated from its socioeconomic characteristics. Different characteristics of fishermen are different, so it is possible to have different perceptions on the same thing. The purpose of this study is to analyze the status and suitability of fishing gear in Probolinggo City on fisheries management policies, compare fishermen's perceptions of criteria for environmentally friendly fishing gear, fishermen's perceptions of fish resources and fishermen's compliance with fisheries policies based on fishing gear and determining factors that influence fisherman compliance. The study was conducted in November 2018 until January 2019 in the City of Probolinggo and used the survey method. Namely with structured interviews using a list of questions (questionnaires) that have been prepared in advance with alternative answers that have been determined. Sampling was done by incidental sampling technique to 130 fishermen who used bagan, cantrang, gillnet, purse seine, fishing rods and fish traps, and had the size of fishing vessels of less than 30 GT. Analysis method using (1) analysis of the status and suitability of environmentally friendly gear that is in accordance with the policy; (2) data analysis of fishermen's perceptions and adherence to policies; and (3) analysis of factors that influence fisherman compliance using structural equation modeling. The results showed that in the City of Probolinggo it was found that gear such as purse seine, fishing rods, charts, and gillnet were included in criteria that were very environmentally friendly and included in gear that were not prohibited from operating on the WPPNRI in accordance with KP Regulation No. 71/2016. And gear such as cantrang is included in the criteria of being environmentally friendly but including gear which is prohibited in Permen KP No 71/2016. There are differences in perceptions of fishermen on environmentally friendly gear that are in accordance with CCRF, fishermen's perceptions of fisheries resource and fishermen's compliance with fisheries policies based on fishing gear. The factors that most influence the fishermen's Compliance to sustainable fisheries policies are the direct influence of the fishermen's socio-economic characteristics, and the indicators, namely the age of fishermen, the level of xii fishermen's education, fishermen's experience, fishermen's income, and the most dominant indicator is the size of fishing vessels. While the factors that indirect influence through intermediary variables are the first perceptions of fishermen to gear according to the CCRF on fisherman compliance with sustainable fisheries policies with indicators, do not damage habitat and other organisms, produce quality, do not endanger fishermen, low bycatch, minimum impact on biodiversity gear is socially accepted and the most dominant indicator is gear selectivity. Secondly, fishermen's perception of the existence of fisheries resource significantly affects fishermen's compliance with sustainable fisheries policies with indicators of the presence of fish stocks, fish size, capture production value and the dominant indicator is the rate of fisheries production.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Magister) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | TES/639.209 2/HAN/a/2019/041903934 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | FISHERS |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 639 Hunting, fishing & conservation > 639.2 Commercial fishing, whaling, sealing > 639.209 2 Fishermen |
| Divisions: | Program Pascasarjana > Magister Pengelolaan Lingkungan, Program Pascasarjana |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 27 Dec 2019 06:17 |
| Last Modified: | 11 Mar 2022 09:23 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/177387 |
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