Pratama, Naufal Rizka (2019) Potensi Tanaman Rami (Boehmeria Nivea) untuk Fitoremediasi Pada Tanah Tercemar Logam Berat Tembaga (Cu). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Aktivitas manusia dalam bidang industri semakin berkembang seiring berjalannya waktu. Industri semakin maju dan semakin banyak alih fungsi lahan yang digunakan untuk pengembangan sektor industri seperti penambangan, tekstil, cat serta penggunaan bahan bakar mengandung logam, yang menyebabkan pencemaran semakin menjadi suatu permasalahan serius yang mencemari lingkungan terutama tanah. Salah satu logam berat yang banyak mencemari lingkungan khusunya di tanah adalah tembaga (Cu), logam tembaga dapat masuk ke dalam strata lingkungan paling banyak berasal dari kegiatan industri elektroplating yang menghasilkan limbah tercemar mengandung unsur logam berat seperti tembaga, timbal, merkuri dan kadmium. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui kemampuan tanaman rami dalam penyerapan logam berat tembaga (Cu) pada konsentrasi tertentu serta mengetahui mekanisme tanaman rami dalam menyerap logam tembaga (Cu). Fitoremediasi dilakukan menggunakan tanaman rami (Boehmeria nivea) sebagai tanaman yang berperan sebagai fitoremediator untuk digunakan dalam memperbaiki tanah tercemar logam tembaga (Cu) yang akan diaplikasikan melalui penyiraman dalam bentuk larutan CuSO4 ke dalam tanah. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 11 Maret – 1 Juni 2019 di kebun percobaan Sekolah Tinggi Penyuluhan Pertanian (STPP). Uji Laboratorium dilakukan di Fakultas MIPA Universitas Negeri Malang. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan masing-masing 6 perlakuan dan 4 kali ulangan dengan dosis 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm dan 125 ppm. Parameter yang diamati adalah tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, sampel tanah awal dan akhir untuk analisis kandungan Cu serta sampel akar tanaman dan tajuk tanaman. Dari hasil pengujian akan dilakukan analisis ragam (ANOVA). Data diolah dengan GENSTAT. Apabila hasil menunjukan adanya perbedaan antar perlakuan maka dilanjutkan uji DMRT pada taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil dari penelitian yang sudah dilakukan maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa tanaman rami dapat menyerap logam berat tembaga (Cu) serta dapat bertahan hidup dalam kadar 25 – 125 ppm di dalam tanah. Hasil Indeks Bioremediasi membuktikan bahwa pada tanaman rami yang diberikan cemaran logam pada tanah dapat menurunkan akumulasi logam tembaga pada tanah sampai > 50%. Mekanisme fitoremediasi dikategorikan dalam mekanisme fitostabilisasi karena hasil dari semua perlakuan menunjukan nilai Faktor Translokasi TF < 1, tanaman rami termasuk mampu dan toleran dalam menyerap logam berat tembaga namun tidak termasuk ke dalam kategori tanaman hiperakumulator. Pada aplikasi bahan pencemar logam berat CuSO4 dengan dosis 25-125 ppm untuk tanaman rami memberikan pengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Pencemaran logam berat tambaga (Cu) mempengaruhi pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Namun, pada kondisi aktual di lapangan tanaman rami tidak menunjukkan gejala-gejala akibat kontaminasi logam berat.
English Abstract
Human activity in industrial sector grew rapidly as time goes by. The industry was more developed and more lands that were functioned as development of industry sector, as mining, textile, paint, and fuel usage of metal content, which impacted to contamination that was referred as a serious issue which could contaminate the environment, particularly to the ground. One of heavy metals that mostly contaminated the environment was ground and copper (Cu), the copper metal could be categorized into environmental strata which mostly came from the activities of electroplating industry that produced polluted waste in heavy metal unsure as copper, lead, mercury and cadmium. This research aimed to identify the ability of Boehmeria Nivea in Cu absorption on particular concentration and examine mechanism of Boehmeria Nivea in Cu absorption. Phytoremediation was employed on the Boehmeria Nivea as a plant that functioned as phytoremediator which was used to fix the contaminate ground, and would be applied through sprinkling in CuSO4 solution to the ground. This research was executed on March, 11 – June, 1 2019, specifically in a trial garden of Sekolah Tinggi Penyuluhan Pertanian (STPP). The lab test was conducted in Faculty of Mathematics and Science of State University of Malang. The design of experiment that was used in this research was complete random design where each of design had 6 treatments and 4 times repetition in dose 0 ppm, 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, and 125 ppm. The observation on research parameters covered to height of plant, number of leaf, first and last sample of ground that all were employed to analyze Cu content, sample of plant root, and plant canopy. From the testing result, the researcher exerted analysis of variance (ANOVA). The data was processed through GENSTAT. If the result showed difference between each treatment, it was continued to DMRT test on level 5%. Based on the research finding, the researcher concluded that Cu was able to absorb the heavy metal of copper (Cu) and survive in the level of 25 – 125 ppm within the ground. The result of Bioremediation Index referred that Boehmeria Nivea that had been contaminated by copper on the ground could reduce copper metal accumulation on the ground up to >50%. The mechanism of phytoremediation was categorized into phytostabilization, since the result of all treatments showed value of translocation factor (TF) < 1, Boehmeria Nivea was considered as competent and tolerant to absorb the heavy metal of copper, but not included into hyper accumulator category. The application of heavy metal contamination was in approximately CuSO4 and dose 25-126 ppm, which especially delivered to the real effects on plant weight and leaf number. The heavy metal contamination (Cu) affected to the growth of plant height and leaf number. However, on the actual condition, Boehmeria Nivea did not show any signals of heavy metal contamination.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/797/051909483 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 628 Sanitary engineering > 628.4 Waste technology, public toilets, street cleaning |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 10 Aug 2020 06:53 |
| Last Modified: | 10 Aug 2020 06:53 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174210 |
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