Wibowo, Dennis (2019) Pengaruh Pemberian Beberapa Jenis Pupuk Kandang Terhadap Populasi Wereng Batang Coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) Pada Lahan Padi Dengan Konsep PHT di Desa Jeblog, Kecamatan Talun, Kabupaten Blitar. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Wereng batang coklat (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) merupakan hama penting tanaman padi. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya tingkat serangan wereng batang coklat adalah pemberian pupuk anorganik yang tidak berimbang. Kelebihan kandungan Nitrogen dapat menyebabkan tanaman padi menjadi lebih rentan terhadap wereng batang coklat. Upaya untuk mengendalikan wereng batang coklat yakni dengan penerapan konsep Pengelolaan Hama Terpadu (PHT). Salah satu cara penerapan PHT dapat dilakukan dengan pemberian pupuk kandang yang berfungsi sebagai pembenah tanah sehingga mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian pupuk kandang yang telah terfermentasi dalam menekan populasi wereng batang coklat. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Desa Jeblog, Kecamatan Talun, Kabupaten Blitar pada bulan Januari sampai April 2019. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada lahan budidaya padi dengan konsep PHT dengan tiga jenis pupuk pada petak berukuran masing-masing 300 m2. Tiga jenis pupuk yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah 5 ton/ha pupuk kandang sapi, 5 ton/ha pupuk kandang ayam, dan pupuk anorganik meliputi 175kg/ha pupuk urea, 75 kg/ha pupuk SP-36, dan 50 kg/ha pupuk KCl. Metode budidaya tanaman padi dengan konsep PHT beracuan pada Prosedur Operasi Standar (POS) yang dikeluarkan oleh Direktorat Jenderal Pertanian Tanaman Pangan. Sepuluh kuadran yang terdiri dari 40 rumpun digunakan sebagai unit contoh. Populasi imago wereng batang coklat diamati dari setiap contoh rumpun padi. Tingkat serangan wereng batang coklat, pertumbuhan tanaman, dan produksi tanaman padi juga diamati dalam penelitian ini. Data yang didapatkan dianalisis dengan menggunakan Uji Kruskal Wallis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk kandang ayam mampu menekan populasi wereng batang coklat dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik. Rerata populasi wereng batang coklat pada tanaman padi masing-masing 10,1 ekor/rumpun (pupuk kandang sapi), 11,0 ekor/rumpun (pupuk kandang ayam), dan 14,1 ekor/rumpun (pupuk anorganik). Tingkat serangan wereng batang coklat pada tanaman padi masing-masing 0,9% (pupuk kandang sapi), 1,1% (pupuk kandang ayam), dan 1,5% (pupuk anorganik). Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi dan pupuk kandang ayam dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman padi dibandingkan dengan pupuk anorganik. Rerata tinggi tanaman padi masing-masing 109,3 cm (pupuk kandang sapi), 105,7 cm (pupuk kandang ayam), dan 97,55 cm (pupuk anorganik). Rerata jumlah anakan tanaman padi masing-masing 22,725 anakan (pupuk kandang sapi), 21,6 anakan (pupuk kandang ayam), dan 19,45 anakan (pupuk anorganik). Produksi padi pada petak lahan dengan perlakuan pemberian pupuk kandang sapi, pupuk kandang ayam, dan pupuk anorganik masing-masing sebesar 7,781 ton/ha, 7,331 ton/ha, dan 6,318 ton/ha.
English Abstract
Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens Stal.) is an important pest of rice. One of the factors that influence the high rates of brown planthoppers attack is the giving of unbalanced inorganic fertilizer. The excess of Nitrogen content can cause more susceptibility to brown planthopper. The effort to control brown planthopper is by implementing Integrated Pest Management (IPM) concept. One way to implement IPM can be done by providing manure fertilizer that serves as a soil improvement so as to increase crop resistance. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of providing manure fertilizer that has been fermented in suppressing brown planthopper populations. This study was conducted in Jeblog Village, Talun District, Blitar Regency from January until April 2019. The study was conducted on rice cultivation with an IPM concept with three types of fertilizer in plot size 300 m2 respectively. Three types of fertilizer were involved in the study i.e 5 tons/ha cow manure, 5 tons/ha chicken manure, and inorganic fertilizer includes 175 kg/ha urea fertilizer, 75 kg/ha SP-36 fertilizer, and 50 kg/ha KCl fertilizer. The method of rice cultivation with the IPM concept in reference from Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) Cultivation of Rice Plant issued by The Directorate General of Food Crops Agriculture. Ten quadrants consisted of 40 hills were used as the unit samples. The population of adult brown planthopper was observed from each rice hill sample. The rates of brown planthopper attack, plant growth, and rice crop production were also observed in this study. The collected data were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis Test. The results showed that the giving of cow manure and chicken manure were able to suppress the brown planthopper population compared with inorganic fertilizer. The average population of brown planthopper in rice crop were 10,1/hill (cow manure), 11,0/hill (chicken manure), and 14,1/hill (inorganic fertilizer), respectively. The rate of brown planthopper attack was 0,9% (cow manure), 1,1% (chicken manure), and 1,5% (inorganic fertilizer), respectively. The cow manure and chicken manure were able to increase the growth and rice production compared with inorganic fertilizer. The average height of rice crop were 109,3 cm (cow manure), 105,7 cm (chicken manure), and 97,55 cm (inorganic fertilizer), respectively. The average tiller of rice crop were 22,725 tillers (cow manure), 21,6 tillers (chicken manure), and 19,45 tillers (inorganic fertilizer), respectively. Rice production in the plot with cow manure, chicken manure, and inorganic fertilizer treatment were 7,781 tons/ha, 7,331 tons/ha, and 6,318 tons/ha, respectively.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/603/051907377 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:26 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174167 |
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