Kurniawan, Agus Prayitno (2019) Pengaruh Jenis Amelioran dan Frekuensi Aplikasi Isolat Bakteri Toleran Salin Pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil TanamanTomat (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) di Lahan Salin. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanah salin ialah tanah yang memilki kandungan garam terlarut yang tinggi yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan dan menurunkan hasil tanaman. Tomat ialah tanaman yang cukup sensitif terhadap cekaman salinitas. Masalah utama yang dihadapi dalam budidaya tomat adalah produksinya yang tidak stabil akibat penurnan luas lahan produktif. Melalui manajemen lingkungan seperti aplikasi amelioran (bahan pembenah tanah) serta penerapan bioteknologi seperti aplikasi bakteri toleran salin, pengembangan tomat ke lahan salin dapat dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan produksi tomat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mempelajari pengaruh jenis amelioran dan frekuensi aplikasi isolat bakteri tahan salin terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat di lahan salin. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai sampai dengan Oktober 2018. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Desa Sidomukti Kecamatan Brondong Kabupaten Lamongan. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design), dimana petak utama adalah jenis amelioran yang terdiri dari 2 taraf yaitu: Gypsum (A1); dan Pupuk kandang sapi (A2), sedangkan anak petak adalah frekuensi aplikasi bakteri yang terdiri dari 5 taraf yaitu: F0= Kontrol; F1= 1 kali, F2= 2 kali, F3= 3 kali; F4= 4 kali. Pengamatan pertumbuhan dilakukan pada 2, 4, 6, dan 8 MST meliputi: Tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, indeks luas daun, kandungan total klorofill, bobot kering tajuk dan akar per tanaman. Pengamatan parameter hasil meliputi: jumlah bunga persentase fruitset, jumlah buah per tanaman, bobot buah per tanaman, bobot buah per buah, bobot buah per petak, dan bobot buah per ha, serta kualitas buah yang meliputi: total asam, total gula, dan kekerasan buah. Analisis tanah meliputi: pH, N, P, K, C-organik, dan Na dilakukan 2 kali yaitu sebelum tanam dan pada saat panen, serta EC yang di ukur setiap 2 minggu sekali. Analisis jaringan tanaman meliputi kadar Na, N, P, K pada tajuk tanaman yang diamati pada 4 dan 8 MST. Pengamatan terhadap isolat bakteri dilakukan pada umur 8 MST. Data yang diperoleh dianilisis menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) pada tingkat kesalahan 5 % dan apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ pada tingkat kesalahan 5 %. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan amelioran berupa gypsum dan pupuk kandang sapi memberikan pengaruh yang sama terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman tomat di lahan salin. Sedangakan aplikasi isolat bakteri toleran salin sebanyak 4 kali mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanamana tomat pada variabel tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, luas daun, indeks luas daun, kandungan total klorofill, bobot kering tajuk dan akar per tanaman, serta hasil tanaman tomat pada variabel bobot buah per buah, bobot buah per tanaman, bobot buah per petak, dan bobot buah per ha, serta total asam, total gula dan kekerasan buah. Aplikasi isolat bakteri juga cenderung meningkatkan serapan unsur N, P, dan K tanaman dan kandungan N, P, K, dan C organik di dalam tanah. serta menurunkan serapan Na di dalam jaringan dan kandungan Na di dalam tanah.
English Abstract
Saline soil is the soil consisting high concentration of soluble salt which can decrease growth and yield of crop. Tomatoes are plants which moderate sensitive to salinity stress. The main problem of tomato cultivation is its fluctuative production caused by decreasing total harvesting area. Through the environmental management likes applying soil ameliorant and using biotechnology likes applying saline tolerant bacteria, developing tomato to saline soil can be considered as one of solutions to increase the production of tomato. The aim of this research is to study the effect of ameliorant type and frequency application of saline tolerance bacteria isolate on growth and yield of tomato in saline soil. This research was conducted from May until October 2018. The research was conducted in Sidomukti Village, Brondong Sub-district, Lamongan Regency, East Java. The experimental design used in this study is split plot design, which the main plot is the type of amaliorant consisting of 2 levels, those are: Gypsum (A1); and cow manure (A2), while the subplot is the bacteria application frequency consisting of 5 levels, those are: F0 = Control (F1 = once, F2 = twice, F3 = 3 times and F4 = 4 times. Observations were made on several growth and yield parameters, analysis of plant and soil tissue, and observation of bacterial isolates. Growth observations were performed on 2, 4, 6, and 8 WAT including: Plant heigth, number of leaves, greenish leaves / chlorophyll index, dry weight of canopy and root per plant, and leaf proline content. Observation of yield parameters included: number of flowers, percentage fruitset, number of fruits per plant, fresh weight per plant, fresh weight per fruit, tomato yield per plot, and tomato yield per ha. Plant tissue analysis included the levels of Na, N, P, K of shoot, observed at 4 and 8 WAT. Soil analysis was done twice before planting and at harvest time: N, P, K, C-organic, Na and EC. Observation of bacterial isolate was done on 8 WAT. Data analysed using analysis of variance (F test) at 5 % level and continued by HSD test at 5 % level if threre were significant differences. The result of research showed that application of soil ameliorant such as gypsum and cow manure gave the same effect of growth and yield of tomato in saline soil. While the application of saline tolerance bacteria at 4 times application was able to increase the growth of tomato on variables plant height, number of leaves, leaves area, leaves area index, total chlorophyll content, dry weight of shoot and root. Increased Yield of tomato on variables fruit weight per fruit, fruit weight per plant, fruit weight per plot, and fruit weight per ha and fruit quality (total acid, total sugar, and fruit hardness). Application of saline tolerance bacteria at 4 times application had a positive trend on increasing nutrient uptake such as N, P, and K on shoot tissues and N, P, K content in the soil, and also decreasing Na uptake on shoot tissues and Na content in the soil.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/580/051907354 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.6 Edible garden fruits and seeds > 635.64 Other garden fruits > 635.642 Tomatoes |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:26 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:26 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174103 |
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