Nafiah, Bahrotul Ilmi (2019) PengaruhPupuk Hayati Konsorsium Mikroba danMikoriza Arbuskular terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung pada Inceptisols. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Inceptisols merupakan tanah pertanian utama di Indonesia dengan total luas sekitar 70,52 juta hektar (40% dari total luas daratan Indonesia). Potensi tersebut perlu dioptimalkan dalam upaya ekstensifikasi pertanian. Namun Inceptisols memilikipermasalahan seperti kesuburan tanahyang relatif rendah, karena mengalami pelapukan dan pencucian (leaching). Peningkatan produktivitas lahan perlu dilakukan agar produksi tanaman yang dibudidayakan dapat meningkat, salah satu nya adalah dengan pemupukan. Penggunaan pupuk anorganik secara terus menerus tanpa penambahan bahan organik dapat merusak sifat tanah. Peningkatan efisiensi pemupukan dapat diterapkan melalui penggunaan pupuk hayati, berupa konsorsium mikroba dan mikoriza arbuskular.Mikroba-mikroba tersebut mampu meningkatkan penyerapan hara tanaman, ketahanan tanaman terhadap kekeringan, penyakit, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan jagung sebesar 27,59%. Jagung dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kesuburan tanah karena sangat respons terhadap unsur hara. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pupuk hayati konsorsium mikroba dan Mikoriza Arbuskular (MA) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman jagung pada Inceptisols. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2017-Agustus 2018 di PT Petrokimia Gresik dan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) 5 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Perlakuan berupa perbedaan dosis pupuk hayati konsorsium mikroba yakni 0,4; 0,8; 1,2; 1,6 g/polibag yang ditambahkan dengan isolat Mikoriza Arbuskular (MA). Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan Genstat 17th edition dan diuji lanjut dengan uji DMRT 5%, untuk mengetahui hubungan antar parameter dilakukan uji korelasi dan regresi menggunakan Ms. Excel. Aplikasi pupuk hayati konsorsium mikroba dan MA mampu meningkatkanjumlah spora MA 91,6% hingga 216%, koloni mikoriza pada akar 47,8% hingga 60%, populasi bakteri 99% hingga 248%, peningkatan tertinggi Ptersedia sebesar 29%, dan C-organik 49%, tinggi tanaman pada 6 MST meningkat 11% hingga 42% dan pada 8 MST 10,9% hingga 34%, jumlah daun 3,15% hingga 13,7%, total panjang akar 24,5% hingga 142% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Dosis pupuk hayati konsorsium mikroba yang efektif untuk meningkatkan Ptersedia dan pertumbuhan tanaman jagung adalah sebanyak 0,8 g/polibag (M2). Peningkatan tinggi tanaman, total panjang akar dan jumlah spora berkorelasi kuat dengan populasi bakteri di dalam tanah. Pada peningkatan 1 cfu g-1 akan diikuti dengan peningkatan tinggi tanaman sebesar 0,42 cm, total panjang akar sebesar 0,49 m, dan 1 spora dalam 100 g tanah.
English Abstract
Inceptisols are the main agricultural land in Indonesia with a total area of around 70,52 million hectares (40% of the total land area of Indonesia). This potential needs to be optimized as an effort to expand agriculture. However, Inceptisols have problems such as relatively low soil fertility, due to weathering and leaching. Increasing land productivity needs to be done so that the production of cultivated plants can increase, one of which is by doing fertilization. The use of inorganic fertilizers continuously without the addition of organic matter can dam age the soil properties. Increased fertilization efficiency can be applied through the use of biological fertilizers, in the form of microbial consortium and arbuscular mycorrhiza. These microbes can increase the absorption of plant nutrients, plant resistance to drought, disease, and increase corn growth by 27,59%. Corn can be used as an indicator of soil fertility because it is very responsive to nutrients. The study aimed to determine the effect of microbial consortium and Arbuscular mycorrhizal (MA) biofertilizers on the growth of corn plants on Inceptisols. The study was conducted in January 2018 - August 2018 at PT Petrokimia Gresik and Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University. The study was conducted with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) of 5 treatments and 4 replications. The treatment was in the form of different doses of microbial consortium biofertilizer. They were 0,4; 0,8; 1,2; 1,6 g/polybag.Data analysis was performed using Genstat 17th edition and tested with DMRT test 5%. To determine the influence of the two variables using correlation and regression test with Ms. Excel. The application of microbial and MA consortium biofertilizers was able to increase the number of MA spores from 91,6% to 216%, mycorrhizal colonies at the roots of 47,8% to 60%, bacterial populations 99% to 248%, the highest increase in P-available by 29%, and C-organic 49%, plant height at 6 MST increased 11% to 42% and at 8 MST 10,9% to 34%, leaves number 3,15% to 13,7%, total root length 24,5% to 142 % compared to controls. Effective doses of microbial consortium fertilizer to increase available P and corn growth are 0,8 g / polybag (M2). Increasing plant height, total root length and number of spores correlated strongly with bacterial populations in the soil. At an increasing of 1 cfu g-1 it will be followed by an increase in plant height of 0,42 cm, total root length of 0,49 m, and 1 spore in 100 g of soil.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/569/051907343 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:25 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:25 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/174069 |
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