Tanto, Toni Rizki (2019) Aplikasi Bahan Organik dengan Berbagai Dosis Pupuk Anorganik untuk Meningkatkan Unsur Hara N, P dan K pada Bahan Letusan Gunung Kelud. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Gunung Kelud merupakan salah satu gunung api aktif yang terakhir erupsi pada tahun 2014. Bahan yang diproduksi dari akhir erupsi Gunung Kelud (2014) berdampak negatif pada lahan pertanian di sekitar pegunungan, salah satu wilayah terdampak erupsi adalah Desa Pandansari, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang. Ketersediaan unsur hara menurun, karena kapasitas menahan unsur hara yang rendah. Pemanfaatan bahan organik lokal yang tersedia seperti Tithonia diversifolia dan kotoran sapi dianggap praktis untuk meningkatkan ketersediaan unsur hara. Pengomposan pada Tithonia diversifolia juga biasa digunakan untuk mempercepat proses dekomposisi. Penelitian inkubasi dilakukan pada bahan piroklastik Gunung Kelud. Pengambilan bahan letusan dilakukan di Dusun Kutut, Desa Pandansari, Kecamatan Ngantang, Kabupaten Malang. Proses inkubasi dan analisis laboratorium dilaksanakan di Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya. Bahan inkubasi diberi perlakuan dengan tiga dosis pupuk anorganik (100%, 70%, 40%) dari dosis yang direkomendasikan (400 kg Urea ha-1, 150 kg SP-36 ha-1, dan 75 kg KCl ha-1), dan dikombinasikan dengan empat jenis bahan organik (daun Tithonia diversifolia segar, kompos Tithonia diversifolia, pupuk kandang sapi, dan campuran kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk kandang sapi). Setiap perlakuan diulang tiga kali, dan diatur dalam Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). Bahan-bahan tersebut diinkubasi selama 60 hari, dan diambil sampel pada 10, 30, 50, 60 HSI untuk pengukuran N, P, K. Hasilnya kemudian dianalisis secara statistik (ANOVA), dan dilanjutkan dengan DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi bahan organik kombinasi dengan berbagai dosis pupuk anorganik berpengaruh sangat nyata terhadap Ntotal dan K dapat ditukar, dan berpengaruh nyata pada P-tersedia. Aplikasi kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk kandang sapi memiliki % N-total, P-tersedia, dan K dapat ditukar lebih tinggi dari 100% pupuk anorganik saja, meskipun dosis pupuk anorganik yang dikombinasikan dengan bahan organik diturunkan hingga 40%. Ringkasnya, penggunaan 70% dan 40% dosis pupuk anorganik cukup untuk meningkatkan % N-total dan K yang ditukar. Untuk kandungan P-tersedia, kombinasi kompos Tithonia diversifolia dan pupuk kandang sapi dapat mengurangi hingga 60% penggunaan pupuk anorganik.
English Abstract
Mount Kelud is one of the active volcanoes, which erupted in 2014. Material produced from the late of Mt. Kelud eruption (2014) had negative impacts on agricultural land surrounding the mountains, one of the areas affected by the eruption was Pandansari Village, Ngantang District, Malang Regency. Nutrient availability decreased, as nutrient holding capacity of the materials is low. Utilization of organic matter locally available such as Tithonia diversifolia and cow manure was considered to be practical to increase nutrient availability. Composting on Tithonia diversifolia is also commonly used to speed up the decomposition process. An incubation research was then condected, on the pyroclastic materials of Mt. Kelud. Eruption material taking was carried out in Kutut Hamlet, Pandansari Village, Ngantang Sub-District, Malang Regency. Incubation and analysis process was carried out at the laboratory of Agriculture Faculty, University of Brawijaya. The organic matter was treated with three rates of inorganic fertilizer (100%, 70%, 40% from the recommended rates (400 kg Urea ha-1, 150 kg SP-36 h-1, and 75 kg KCL ha-1), in combination with four types of organic matters (fresh Tithonia diversifolia leaves, Tithonia diversifolia compost, cow manure, and mixture of Tithonia diversifolia compost and cow manure). Every treatments was repeated three times, and was set in Randomized Block Design (RBD). The treated materials are incubated during 60 days, and sampled at 10, 30, 50, 60 DAI for N, P, K measurements. The result were then statistically analized (ANOVA), and continued by DMRT. The results showed that organic matter applications in combination with various inorganic fertilizer rates, had strong significant effect on total N and exchangeable K content, and significant effect on available P content. Application with Tithonia diversifolia compost and its combination with cow manure had % total N, available P, and exchangeable K content higher than 100% inorganic fertilizer only, even if the rate reduced to 40% inorganic fertilizer. To summarize, the use of 70% and 40% inorganic fertilizer rates were sufficient, respectirely for % total N and exchangeable K content. For available P content, combination of Tithonia diversifolia compost and cow manure may reduced up to 60% inorganic fertilizer use.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/436/051907179 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.42 Soil fertility, acidity, alkalinity > 631.422 Soil fertility |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:24 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:24 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173862 |
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