Hadianti, Fitri Nanda (2019) Toleransi Enam Varietas Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium ascalonicum) Terhadap Cekaman Salinitas. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) merupakan tanaman penting yang saat ini dibudidayakan secara global. Bawang merah merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang memiliki arti penting bagi masyarakat, baik dari nilai ekonomisnya maupun dari kandungan gizinya. Upaya peningkatan produksi bawang merah terus dilakukan, namun dalam proses peningkatan produksi bawang merah masih mengalami masalah diantaranya adalah kondisi lahan yang semakin sempit hal itu menyebabkan perluasan wilayah yang ditanami bawang merah seringkali merambah area-area dekat pantai. Beberapa masalah yang dihadapi oleh petani dalam membudidayakan bawang merah adalah masuknya air laut ke saluran irigasi yang menyebabkan tingkat salinitas air irigasi menjadi tinggi. Penelitian cekaman salinitas ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan menguji toleransi enam varietas tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) pada konsentrasi cekaman dalam bentuk kadar garam (NaCl). Hipotesis dari penelitian ini ialah varietas tanaman bawang merah (Allium ascalonicum) Bauji dan Super Philip yang toleran dan mampu beradaptasi baik pada konsentrasi 8.000 ppm cekaman salinitas dalam bentuk kadar garam (NaCl). Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari - April 2019 di Green House Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya di Kelurahan Donowarih, Kecamatan Karangploso, Kabupaten Malang, Provinsi Jawa Timur. Lahan penelitian berada di ketinggian 600 m dpl dengan suhu rata-rata 27ºC. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah, gelas ukur, EC meter, kertas label, penggaris, spidol, timbangan analitik, alat tulis, ember, pipa dan kamera digital. Bahan yang digunakan ialah NaCl, pupuk AB Mix, polybag horizontal, folicur, asmec, perekat dan kokopeat sebagai media tanam. Sedangkan untuk varietas bawang merah yang diuji ialah Bauji, Bima Brebes, Super Philip, Tajuk, Katumi dan Trisula. Metode yang akan digunakan pada penelitian ini ialah Rancangan Acak Kelompok Faktorial (RAKF) untuk melihat adanya pengaruh interaksi perlakuan. Perlakuan disusun secara faktorial yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor konsentrasi larutan NaCl (S) terdiri dari: S0: Tanpa penambahan perlakuan NaCl (kontrol) dan S1: 8.000 ppm dan S2: 12.000 ppm dilakukan dengan melarutkan sebanyak 8 g NaCl dan 12 g NaCl ke dalam air sebanyak 1 liter. Faktor varietas bawang merah (V) terdiri dari V1: Bauji, V2: Bima Brebes, V3: Super Philip V4: Tajuk V5: Katumi dan V6: Trisula. Penelitian ini menggunakan 18 kombinasi perlakuan. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 ulangan sehingga didapatkan 54 satuan percobaan. Setiap petak terdiri dari 6 lubang tanam dan setiap lubang tanam berisi 1 bibit, sehingga total tanaman yang digunakan sebanyak 324. Pelaksanaan penelitian terdiri dari persiapan benih, persiapan media tanam, penanaman, persiapan perlakuan salinitas, pemeliharaan, pengendalian hama dan penyakit dan pemanenan. Parameter pengamatan meliputi parameter destruktif dan hasil panen. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan dianalisis menggunakan Analisis Varian (ANOVA) yang dilakukan dengan uji F pada tingkat kesalahan 5%. Apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata maka dilanjutkan dengan uji BNJ (Beda Nyata Jujur) dengan taraf 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa perlakuan salinitas berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman bawang merah. Diketahui dari enam varietas bawang merah yang di uji pada taraf perlakuan 8.000 ppm varietas trisula menghasilkan bobot segar tanaman tertinggi dan masih mampu tumbuh dibandingkan dengan varietas lainnya.
English Abstract
Shallot (Allium ascalonicum) is an important plant that is currently cultivated globally. Shallot is one of the horticulture plants that has an important meaning for the community, both from its economic value and from its nutritional content. Efforts to increase shallot production continue to be carried out, but in the process of increasing shallot production there are still problems including the increasingly narrow condition of the land which causes the expansion of areas planted with shallots often to penetrate areas near the coast. Some of the problems faced by farmers in cultivating shallots are the entry of sea water into irrigation canals which causes the salinity level of irrigation water to be high. This is the basic goal of the need to do this salinity stress study to test and determine the tolerance of six varieties of red onion (Allium ascalonicum) at stress concentrations in the form of salinity (NaCl). The hypothesis of this study is that onion plant varieties (Allium ascalonicum) Bauji and Super Philip are tolerant and able to adapt well at a concentration of 8,000 ppm salinity stress in the form of salinity (NaCl). The research was conducted in February - April 2019 at the Green House of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya in Donowarih Village, Karangploso District, Malang Regency, East Java Province. The research field is at an altitude of 600 m above sea level with an average temperature of 27ºC. The tools used in the study are, measuring cups, EC meters, label paper, rulers, markers, analytical scales, stationery, buckets, pipes and digital cameras. The materials used are NaCl, AB Mix fertilizer, horizontal polybags, folicur, asmec, adhesives and cocopeat as planting media. As for the onion varieties tested were Bauji, Bima Brebes, Super Philip, Tajuk, Katumi and Trisula. The method to be used in this study is the Factorial Randomized Group Design (RAKF) to see the effect of treatment interactions. The treatment was arranged in factorial consisting of two factors. The concentration factor of NaCl (S) solution consisted of: S0: Without the addition of NaCl treatment (control) and S1: 8,000 ppm and S2: 12,000 ppm was done by dissolving as much as 8 g of NaCl and 12 g of NaCl into 1 liter of water. Factor onion variety (V) consists of V1: Bauji, V2: Bima Brebes, V3: Super Philip V4: Tajuk of V5: Katumi and V6: Trisula. This study used 18 treatment combinations. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there were 54 experimental units. Each plot consists of 6 planting holes and each planting hole contains 1 seed, so that the total plant used is 324. The research consisted of seed preparation, preparation of planting media, planting, preparation for salinity treatment, maintenance, pest control and disease and harvesting. Observation parameters include destructive and non destructive parameters. Data obtained from observations were analyzed using Variant Analysis (ANOVA) carried out by the F test at an error rate of 5%. If there is a real effect, then proceed with the BNJ test (Honest Real Difference) with a level of 5%. Based on the results of the study note that the salinity treatment affects the growth of onion plants. It is known that of the six varieties of shallots that were tested at a treatment level of 8,000 ppm the Trisula varieties produced the highest fresh weight of the plant and were still able to grow compared to other varieties.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/767/051907714 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.2 Edible tubers and bulbs > 635.25 Onions |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:24 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jan 2022 02:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173849 |
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