Arumsari, Latri (2019) Kimia Bahan Letusan Kelud dan Pertumbuhan Pakcoy akibat Aplikasi Bahan Organik Baru pada Residu Pupuk Anorganik dan Tithonia diversifolia. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kecamatan Ngantang mengalami kerusakan lahan pada sektor pertanian akibat erupsi Gunung Kelud pada tahun 2014. Pada penelitian sebelumnya, penambahan pupuk anorganik dan bahan organik memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata terhadap sifat kimia material piroklastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan tersebut memiliki potensi pengaruh dalam jangka waktu yang panjang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh residu dari pupuk anorganik dan bahan organik yang telah diaplikasikan sebelumnya, serta untuk mengetahui perlu tidaknya penambahan bahan organik baru. Perbaikan sifat kimia kemudian dikaitan dengan pertumbuhan tanaman (Pakcoy). Penelitian dilakukan di rumah kaca Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya pada bulan Desember-April 2019. Rancangan penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yaitu 10 perlakuan dengan masing-masing 3 ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kombinasi residu tithonia dan pupuk anorganik (40%, 70%, 100%), penambahan bahan organik baru (tanpa penambahan bahan organik baru, pupuk kandang sapi, tithonia segar), dan residu 100% pupuk anorganik. Inkubasi media dilakukan pada 2 minggu sebelum tanam. Analisa kandungan C-organik dan pH dilakukan pada 0, 2, 6 MST (minggu setelah tanam), sedangkan KTK dan kation basa dapat ditukar dilakukan pada 0, 6 MST. Pertumbuhan tanaman (jumlah daun dan panjang tanaman) diukur pada setiap minggu setelah tanam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa residu pupuk anorganik (semua dosis) dengan tithonia memiliki nilai pH (5,7-6,1), kandungan C-organik (0,22-0,47%), nilai KTK (6,9-10,3 cmol kg-1), K-dd (0,10-0,32 cmol kg-1), Na-dd (0,34-0,37 cmol kg-1), Ca-dd (0,22-0,66 cmol kg-1), dan Mg-dd (0,46-1,10 cmol kg-1) lebih tinggi dibandingkan 100% pupuk anorganik saja. Dalam residu ini, R40B0 (residu 40% pupuk anorganik dengan tithonia) memiliki sifat kimia terbaik. Penambahan bahan organik baru ke bahan residu mampu memperbaiki sifat kimia. Perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi pada residu 40% pupuk anorganik dengan tithonia (R40BPk) memiliki nilai pH (5,8-6,3), kandungan C-organik (0,30-0,73%), KTK (7,6-12,2 cmol kg-1), K-dd (0,21-0,35 cmol kg-1), Na-dd (0,07-0,12 cmol kg-1), dan Ca-dd (0,13-1,38 cmol kg-1) lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lain. Pertumbuhan tanaman lebih baik dengan perlakuan bahan organik pada residu 70% dan 40% pupuk anorganik. Disisi lain, perlakuan bahan organik pada residu 100% pupuk anorganik memberikan pengaruh tidak nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman.
English Abstract
Ngantang District suffered land damage in the agricultural sector due to the eruption of Mount Kelud in 2014. In the previous study, adding inorganic fertilizer and organic matter unsignificantly affected chemical properties of the pyrolastic materials. The results showed that there was probably longterm effect of the treatments. This research was then conducted to study the residual effect of inorganic fertilizer and organic matter applied previously, and wether this could be improved by adding fresh organic matter. Improvement of the chemical properties was then related to crop growth (Pakcoy). The research was conducted in the greenhouse at the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University in December-April 2019. The research was using Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisted of 10 treatments with 3 replications each. The treatments were combination of tithonia and inorganic fertilizers (40%, 70%, 100%) residues, newly added organic matter (without organic matter, cow manure, fresh tithonia), and 100% inorganic fertilizer residue. The media was incubated 2 weeks before planting crop. Organic carbon and pH were determined at 0, 2, 6 WAP (weeks after planting), whereas CEC and exchangeable basic cations were determined at 0, 6 WAP. Crop growth (number of leaves and plant length) was measured every weeks after palting. The results showed that residues of inorganic fertilizers (all doses) with tithonia had higher pH value (5,7-6,1), C-organic (0,22-0,47%), CEC (6,9-10,3 cmol kg-1), K (0,10-0,32 cmol kg-1), Na (0,34-0,37 cmol kg-1), Ca (0,22-0,66 cmol kg-1), and Mg-dd (0,46-1,10 cmol kg-1) than 100% inorganic fertilizer only. In this residue, R40B0 (residue of 40% inorganic fertilizer with tithonia) had the best chemical properties. Addition of new organic matter to the residual materials improved chemical properties. Cow manure treated 40% inorganic fertilizer residue (R40BPk) had higher pH value (5,8-6,3), C-organic (0,30-0,73%), CEC (7,6-12,2 cmol kg-1), K (0,21-0,35 cmol kg-1), Na (0,07-0,12 cmol kg-1), and Ca (0,13-1,38 cmol kg-1) than other treatments. Better crop growth were performed on organic matter treated 70% and 40% inorganic fertilizer residues. However, organic matter treatment on 100% inorganic fertilizer had unsignificant effect on crop growth.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/230/051906973 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.42 Soil fertility, acidity, alkalinity |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2020 06:00 |
| Last Modified: | 31 Jul 2020 06:29 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173794 |
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