Nabilah, Noorfakhriyah Ahsanti (2019) Eksplorasi Dan Inventarisasi Anggrek Epifit Di Watu Ondo Kawasan Taman Hutan Raya R. Soerjo Mojokerto. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Anggrek ialah tanaman hias yang memiliki nilai estetika tinggi dan keanekaragaman yang luas. Di Indonesia tumbuhan anggrek tersebar dari Pulau Sumatra hingga Papua. Pulau Sumatra memiliki sekitar 990 spesies, Jawa 975 spesies, Kalimantan 3.000 spesies, Maluku 125 spesies, dan Papua 1.000 spesies (Subiyantoro, 2007). Namun kekayaan plasma nutfah anggrek di Indonesia semakin hari semakin terancam karena adanya eksploitasi yang berlebihan terhadap anggrek alam yang tumbuh secara epifit. Upaya penyelamatan plasma nutfah anggrek epifit dapat dilakukan melalui kegiatan eksplorasi dan inventarisasi. Eksplorasi dilakukan dengan mencari, mengumpulkan, dan mengidentifikasi jenis plasma nutfah anggrek epifit, sedangkan inventarisasi dilakukan dengan mendata keanekaragaman anggrek epifit. Salah satu wilayah di Jawa Timur yang memiliki keanekaragaman anggrek epifit yang luas yaitu di kawasan Taman Hutan Raya (Tahura) R. Soerjo Mojokerto. Penelitian eksplorasi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan mengidentifikasi spesies anggrek epifit dan pohon inangnya serta untuk mengetahui persebaran dan keanekaragaman anggrek epifit. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Mei 2019. Alat yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah peta, kamera DSLR, teropong binokuler, alat tulis, roll meter, tali rafia, GPS, higrotermometer, kompas, altimeter, lux meter, serta buku panduan “Orchid of Java” oleh Comber (1990). Bahan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah anggrek epifit dan pohon inang yang terdapat di lokasi pengamatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara eksploratif deskriptif dan metode yang digunakan adalah metode line transect dengan mengikuti jalur utama yang sudah ada. Dari jalur utama dibagi menjadi 5 jalur dan tiap jalur dibuat plot ukuran ±20 x 20 m sejumlah 6 plot dengan jarak antar plot ±100 m sehingga jumlah plot keseluruhan yaitu 30 plot. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis untuk mengetahui penyebarannya di lokasi penelitian dengan menghitung kerapatan (Di), kerapatan relatif (RDi), frekuensi (Fi), frekuensi relatif (RFi), dan indeks nilai penting (INP) serta nilai indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener (H’). Penelitian yang telah dilakukan berhasil mengidentifikasi 36 spesies dan 15 genus dengan jumlah populasi sebanyak 2.604 populasi. Pohon inang yang banyak ditempeli spesies anggrek epifit yaitu Kukrup (Engelhardia spicata) dan Pasang (Quercus sundaica). Dari perhitungan analisa vegetasi diperoleh nilai INP tertinggi pada Appendicula elegans Rchb. f sebesar 17,22 %, dengan nilai kerapatan relatif (RDi) = 11,08 %, dan frekuensi relatif (RFi) = 6,14 %. Anggrek dengan nilai INP terendah 0,33% ialah Bulbophyllum sp. 1, Oberonia similis (Bl.) Lindl, dan Pholidota sp. 1, dengan nilai kerapatan relatif (RDi) = 0,038%, dan frekuensi relatif (RFi) = 0,292%. Dari hasil perhitungan nilai Indeks Keanekaragaman ShannonWienner seluruh jalur diperoleh nilai 2,90 yang tergolong kategori sedang
English Abstract
Orchid is an ornamental plant that has high aesthetic value and wide diversity. In Indonesia orchids are spread from Sumatra to Papua Island. Sumatra island has around 990 species, Java 975 species, Kalimantan 3,000 species, Maluku 125 species, and Papua 1,000 species (Subiyantoro, 2007). But the wealth of orchid germplasm in Indonesia is increasingly threatened because of excessive orchid exploitation. The efforts to save epiphytic orchid germplasm can be carried out through exploration and inventory activities. The exploration was carried out by searching, collecting, and identifying the type of epiphytic orchid germplasm, while the inventory was carried out by recording the diversity of epiphytic orchids. One area in East Java that has a wide diversity of epiphytic orchids is in the area of the Forest Park (Tahura) R. Soerjo Mojokerto. The purpose of this research were to know and identify epiphytic orchid species and their host trees and to know the spread and diversity of epiphytic orchid. The research was conducted from April to Mei 2019. The tools used in this research were map, DSLR cameras, binoculer, stationery, roll meters, raffia, GPS, hygrothermometer, compass, altimeter, lux meters, and "Orchid of Java” guidebook (Comber, 1990). The materials used in this research were epiphytic orchids and their host trees that found at the observation site. The method used in this research is line transect method by following the existing main pathway. From the main lane it is divided into 5 lanes and each lane is made of ± 20 x 20 m plots with 6 plots with ± 100 m distance between plots so that the total plots are 30 plots. The data obtained were analyzed to determine distribution of epiphytic orchid at the study site. These data include density, relative density, frequency, relative frequency, important values index and then Shannon-Wiener diversity index. The research that has been conducted successfully identified 36 species and 15 genera with a population of 2,604 populations. Host trees that are mostly pinned with epiphytic orchid species were Kukrup (Engelhardia spicata) and Pasang (Quercus sundaica). From the calculation of vegetation analysis obtained the highest IVI value on Appendicula elegans Rchb. f of 17.22%, with Relative density (RDi) = 11,08 %, and Relative frequency (RFi) = 6,14 %. Orchids with the lowest IVI value 0,33% were Bulbophyllum sp. 1, Oberonia similis (Bl.) Lindl, and Pholidota sp. 1, relative density (RDi) were 0,038%, relative frequency (RF) were 0,292%. Shannon-Wiener diversity index value was obtained 2,9 values that was classified as medium category.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/755/051907639 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 634 Orchards, fruits, forestry > 634.9 Forestry > 634.92 Forest management |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:19 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173699 |
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