Swasono, Muhammad Shobar Ibrahim (2019) Pengaruh Formulasi Nutrisi Dan Konsentrasi Asam Giberelin pada Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Ciplukan (Physalis peruviana L.) Melalui Sistem Hidroponik Irigasi Tetes. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Ciplukan (Physalis peruviana L.) ialah salah satu komoditas yang kebanyakan masih tumbuh liar serta baru mulai dikembangkan di Indonesia. Tanaman ini biasa dimanfaatkan daun dan buahnya yang mengandung provitamin A, vitamin kompleks, vitamin C, mineral (kalsium fosfor), serta bioaktif (Barirega, 2014). Melihat semakin tingginya permintaan dan kesadaran akan manfaatnya serta fakta di Indonesia tanaman ciplukan masih jarang dibudidayakan secara massal, tanaman ini memiliki potensi dan prospek untuk dikembangkan lebih lanjut. Penunjang keberhasilan dari sistem budidaya secara hidroponik salah satunya ialah larutan nutrisi yang tepat. Berdasarkan penelitian hidroponik yang telah dilakukan, menunjukkan bahwa macam formulasi larutan nutrisi berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Formulasi nutrisi yang tepat dan sesuai kebutuhan tanaman akan meningkatkan efisiensi serapan nutrisi oleh tanaman. Selain formulasi larutan nutrisi, penggunaan bahan tambahan seperti Asam Giberelin juga dapat membantu meningkatkan pertumbuhan, hasil, dan kualitas tanaman. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Greenhouse Agrotechnopark Universitas Brawijaya, Desa Jatikerto, Kecamatan Kromengan, Kabupaten Malang, terletak pada ketinggian 321 m dpl dengan rerata suhu tahunan sebesar 23,9℃, curah hujan tahunan 133,75 mm, dan kelembaban nisbi 81,67%. Waktu penelitian berlangsung pada bulan Agustus 2018 sampai Febuari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ialah Rancangan Petak Terbagi (Split Plot Design) yang terdiri dari dua faktor. Faktor pertama (petak utama) yakni formulasi nutrisi, terdiri dari 3 taraf diantaranya: Larutan Nutrisi Jensen ≈ 1,2 dS m-1 (F1), Larutan Nutrisi Hoagland No. 2 ≈ 1,8 dS m-1 (F2), dan Larutan Nutrisi Barry ≈ 2,4 dS m-1 (F3). Faktor kedua (anak petak) yakni konsentrasi Asam Giberelin, terdiri dari 4 taraf diantaranya: 0 ppm (G0), 10 ppm (G1), 20 ppm (G2), dan 30 ppm (G3), dari rancangan tersebut didapatkan 12 kombinasi perlakuan yang diantaranya, F1G0 : Jensen + 0 ppm Asam Giberelin, F1G1 : Larutan Nutrisi Jensen + 10 ppm Asam Giberelin, F1G2 : Larutan Nutrisi Jensen + 20 ppm Asam Giberelin, F1G3 : Larutan Nutrisi Jensen + 30 ppm Asam Giberelin, F2G0 : Larutan Nutrisi Hoagland No. 2 + 0 ppm Asam Giberelin, F2G1 : Larutan Nutrisi Hoagland No. 2 + 10 ppm Asam Giberelin, F2G2 : Larutan Nutrisi Hoagland No. 2 + 20 ppm Asam Giberelin, F2G3 : Larutan Nutrisi Hoagland No. 2 + 30 ppm Asam Giberelin, F3G0 : Larutan Nutrisi Barry + 0 ppm Asam Giberelin, F3G1 : Larutan Nutrisi Barry + 10 ppm Asam Giberelin. F3G2 : Larutan Nutrisi Barry + 20 ppm Asam Giberelin, F3G3 : Larutan Nutrisi Barry + 30 ppm Asam Giberelin. Pengamatan terdiri dari pengamatan pertumbuhan, hasil, kualitas tanaman dan serapan unsur hara N, P, dan K. Data hasil pengamatan diolah dan dianalisis dengan bantuan software Microsoft Excel 2016, Jika hasil analisis ragam gabungan menunjukkan pengaruh nyata atau sangat nyata, maka dilakukan uji lanjutan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. i ii ii Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan jenis larutan nutrisi (Jensen, Hoagland no. 2 dan Barry) dan pemberian asam giberelin pada berbagai taraf memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman ciplukan. Pemberian asam giberelin dengan konsentrasi 20 dan 30 ppm mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman ciplukan pada variabel tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun dan jumlah cabang. Penambahan asam giberelin dapat meningkatkan kadar gula buah ciplukan. Penggunaan jenis larutan nutrisi Hoagland no. 2 mampu meningkatkan hasil tanaman ciplukan pada variabel jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, fruit set dan bobot buah per tanaman.
English Abstract
Ciplukan (Physalis peruviana L.), one of the larger commodities still growing liars and just starting to be develop in Indonesia. This plant is commonly used in leaves and fruit containing provitamin A, vitamin complex, vitamin C, minerals (calcium phosphorus) and bioactives (Barirega, 2014). Seeing the higher demand and awareness of its benefits in Indonesia, ciplukan plants are still rarely cultivated in bulk, these plants have the potential and prospects to be further develop. One of the right nutritional solutions. Based on hydroponic research that has been carried out, proven formulations that contain nutrients to the growth and yield of plants. The right formulation of nutrients and according to plant needs will increase the efficiency of nutrient uptake by plants. In addition to nutritional formulations, the use of additional ingredients such as Giberelin Acid can also help increase plant growth, yield, and quality. The research was conducted at the Agrotechnopark Greenhouse of Brawijaya University, Jatikerto Village, Kromengan District, Malang Regency, located at an altitude of 321 m above sea level with an average high temperature of 23.9 ℃, annual rainfall of 133.75 mm, and relative humidity of 81.67%. The research period runs from August 2018 to February 2019. The experimental design used in the Split Plot Design consists of two factors. The first factor (main plot) consists of nutritional formulations, consisting of 3 levels: Jensen Nutrition Solution ≈ 1.2 dS m-1 (F1), Hoagland No. 2 Nutrition Solution. 2 ≈ 1.8 dS m-1 (F2), and Barry Nutrition Solution ≈ 2.4 dS m-1 (F3). The second factor (subplot) is the Gibberellic Acid concentration, consisting of 4 levels: 0 ppm (G0), 10 ppm (G1), 20 ppm (G2), and 30 ppm (G3), from which 12 combinations of benefits were found. whereas, F1G0: Jensen + 0 ppm Gibberellic Acid, F1G1: Jensen Nutrition Solution + 10 ppm Gibberellic Acid, F1G2: Jensen Nutrition Solution + 20 ppm Gibberellic Acid, F1G3: Jensen Nutrition Solution + 30 ppm Gibberellic Acid, F2G0: Hoagland No. 2 Nutrition 0 ppm Giberellic Acid, F2G1: Hoagland No. 2 Nutrient Solution + 10 ppm Giberellic Acid, F2G2: Hoagland No. 2 Nutrition Solution + 20 ppm Giberellic Acid, F2G3: Hoagland No. 2 Nutrition Solution + 30 ppm Giberellic Acid, F3G0: Barry Nutrition Solution + 0 ppm Giberellic Acid: Nutrient Solution Barry + 10 ppm Giberelin Acid. F3G2: Barry Nutrition Solution + 20 ppm Gibberellic Acid, F3G3: Barry Nutrition Solution + 30 ppm Giberelin Acid. Observations consisted of observations of growth, yield, plant quality and nutrient uptake of N, P, and K. Observational data were processed and analyzed with the help of Microsoft Excel 2016 software. The results of the combined variety analysis can be developed as a successful game, then testing continued the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the level of 5%. The results of research showed that the use of types of nutrient solutions (Jensen, Hoagland No. 2 and Barry) and aplication of gibberellic acid at various levels had a significant effect on the growth and yield of ciplukan plants. Giving gibberellic acid with a concentration of 20 and 30 ppm was able to increase the growth of ciplukan plants in variable plant height, number of leaves and number of branches. Addition of gibberellic acid can increase ciplukan fruit sugar levels. Hoagland No. 2 is able to increase the yield of ciplukan crops in the variable number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit set and fruit weight per plant.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/222/051906965 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.3 Legumes, forage crops other than grasses and legumes > 633.304 Cultivation, harvesting, related topics |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:19 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:19 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173682 |
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