Lestari, Jihan Anggun (2019) Pengaruh Penerapan PHT terhadap Pertumbuhan Populasi Wereng Batang Coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) dan Musuh Alami pada Tanaman Padi di Lahan Sawah Tambak. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian tentang pengaruh penerapan PHT terhadap pertumbuhan populasi wereng batang coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) dan musuh alami pada tanaman padi di lahan sawah tambak dilaksanakan di lahan padi yang berlokasi di Desa Tambakrigadung, Kecamatan Tikung, Kabupaten Lamongan mulai bulan Desember 2018 hingga April 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan PHT dalam menekan populasi wereng batang coklat dan meningkatkan populasi musuh alami. Penelitian dilakukan pada 2 petak lahan sawah tambak. Satu petak dengan budidaya padi secara PHT dan satu petak dengan cara konvensional. Luas lahan masing-masing sebesar 1000 m2. Pada tiap petak dibagi menjadi 2 sub petak untuk ulangan pada pengamatan. Pada lahan PHT dilakukan penanaman tanaman refugia. Tanaman refugia yang digunakan yaitu Cosmos caudatus, Zinnia elegans, dan Helianthus annuus. Jarak tanam yang digunakan yaitu 60 cm. Penerapan cara budidaya yang dilakukan yaitu berdasarkan Standar Operasional Prosedur (SOP) petani desa Besur yang dimodifikasi dan berdasarkan hasil wawancara oleh petani. Pengamatan dilakukan yaitu menghitung populasi wereng batang coklat, populasi musuh alami, tinggi tanaman padi, jumlah anakan, hasil produksi padi, dan analisis usaha tani. Analisis data menggunakan uji Wilcoxon taraf kesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa penerapan PHT pada tanaman padi di lahan sawah tambak pengaruhnya tidak berbeda nyata terhadap populasi wereng batang coklat dan jumlah anakan per rumpun. tetapi pengaruhnya berbeda nyata terhadap musuh alami dan tinggi tanaman. Populasi wereng batang coklat pada lahan PHT tidak berbeda nyata dengan lahan konvensional. Perbedaan populasi wereng batang coklat yang tidak berbeda nyata disebabkan oleh aplikasi insektisida dan patogen serangga pada lahan konvensional dan PHT. Pengendalian pada lahan PHT menggunakan B. bassiana sedangkan lahan konvensional menggunakan pestisida. Populasi musuh alami pada lahan PHT berbeda nyata dengan lahan konvensional disebabkan pada lahan PHT ditanami tanaman refugia dan terdapat gulma pada pematang, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional pengendalian hama menggunakan pestisida. Tinggi tanaman pada lahan PHT berbeda nyata dengan lahan konvensional disebabkan penggunaan sistem tanam jajar legowo, jarak tanam, jumlah bibit per lubang tanam, dan pH tanah. Jumlah anakan per rumpun pada lahan PHT tidak berbeda nyata disebabkan faktor genetik dan dosis pupuk N dan P. Hasil produksi padi pada lahan PHT (7,2 ton/ha) lebih tinggi daripada lahan konvensional (6,2 ton/ha) disebabkan pada lahan PHT menggunakan pupuk organik dan pemupukan yang berimbang, sedangkan pada lahan konvensional terdapat serangan hama tikus dan penyakit blas. Analisis usaha tani secara PHT (1,02) lebih layak untuk dijalankan sedangkan secara konvensional (0,67) tidak layak untuk dijalankan.
English Abstract
The Research on the effect of applying Integrated Pest Management (IPM) to population growth of brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) and natural enemies on rice plants at the pond fisheries was conducted in Tambakrigadung Village, Tikung Sub-District, Lamongan Regency rice field, from December 2018 to April 2019. This research aimed to determine the effects of IPM in reducing the population of brown planthopper and increasing the population of natural enemies. The research was conducted on 2 plots of pond fisheries. One plot with IPM rice cultivation and one plot using conventional methods. The total area of each fields was 1000 m2. Each plot was divided into 2 sub-plots for replications in the observation. At IPM field, refugia plants was planted. The refugia plants used were Cosmos caudatus, Zinnia elegans, and Helianthus annuus. The spacing was 60 cm. The cultivation method was adopted from Standard Operation Procedure of Besur village and the interview with local farmers. The observations involved evaluation of the population of brown planthopper, natural enemies, the height of plants, the number of tillers per hill, rice production, and the analysis of rice farming. Data analysis was done by Wilcoxon test at 5% confidence level. The results showed that the application of IPM on rice plants at the pond fisheries had no significant effect to the population of brown planthopper and number of tillers per hill. However, the effect was significantly different on the population of natural enemies and the height of the plants. The brown planthopper population at IPM field was not significantly different from the conventional field. The non significant different of brown planthopper population was caused by the application of insectiside and insect pathogens at conventional and IPM rice field respectively. The control at IPM field used B. bassiana while at conventional field used pesticides. The population of natural enemies at IPM field was significantly different from the conventional field due to IPM field planted with refugia plants and weeds in the dike. While at conventional field pest control used pesticides. The plant height at IPM field was significantly different from the conventional field due to the use of legowo row planting system, spacing of plants, number of seedling per planting hole, and soil pH. The number of tillers per hill at IPM field was not significantly different due to genetic factors and N and P fertilizers. Rice production at IPM field (7,2 ton/ha) was higher than at conventional field (6,2 ton/ha) due to IPM field using balanced fertilizers and organic fertilizers. Whereas in conventional field there were mice attacks and blast diseases. The analysis of rice farming implied that IPM method (1,02) were more appropriate rather than conventional method (0,67).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/526/051907300 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:18 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:18 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173615 |
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