Sianturi, Tuti Arianti (2019) Pengaruh pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Kalium Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Lobak (Raphanus sativus L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman lobak (Raphanus sativa L.) merupakan tanaman semusim yang termasuk tanaman umbi dari suku kubis-kubisan. Tanaman ini diduga berasal dari Cina, sehingga populer disebut lobak Cina (chinese radish). Tanaman lobak mudah ditanaman di Indonesia, baik pada dataran tinggi maupun dataran rendah. Hampir seluruh tanaman lobak dapat dimanfaatkan oleh manusia. Data dari hasil survei Badan Pusat Statistik pertanian tentang produksi sayuran di Indonesia, menunjukkan bahwa produksi lobak mengalami penurunan yaitu pada tahun2013 jumlah produksi 32.372 ton, pada tahun 2014 jumlah produksi 31.865 ton, pada tahun 2015 jumlah produksi 21.479 ton dan pada tahun 2016 jumlah produksi 19.483 ton (BPS, 2018). Dalam usaha peningkatan pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman lobak, faktor pemupukan dengan melakukan pemupukan baik itu dengan pupuk organik maupun anorganik. Salah satu pupuk anorganik yang dibutuhkan tanaman lobak yang dapat memperbaiki pertumbuhan dan perkembangan terutama umbi adalah pupuk Kalium. Selain pemberian atau penambahan pupuk anorganik pemupukan tanaman lobak juga harus di tambahkan pupuk organik. Karena pupuk organik sangat bermanfaat bagi peningkatan produksi pertanian, diantaranya yaitu mengurangi pencemaran lingkungan, dan meningkatkan kualitas lahan secara berkelanjutan. Pupuk Supernasa dalam jangka panjang dapat meningkatkan produktivitas lahan dan dapat mencegah degradasi lahan. Peranannya cukup besar terhadap perbaikan sifat fisika,kimia, dan biologi tanah serta lingkungan. Penambahan bahan organik di samping sebagai sumber hara bagi tanaman, juga sebagai sumber energi dan hara bagi mikroba (Haryono, 2011). Penelitian dilaksanakan di kebun Percobaan Jatimulyo Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya Malang, Kelurahan Jatimulyo, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, Jawa Timur dengan ketinggian tempat 460-667 mdpl. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Mei sampai bulan Juli 2019. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penggaris, rol meter, gembor, cangkul, tugal, kamera digital, jangka sorong dan timbangan analitik. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih lobak varietas Chinese Radish Long, pupuk KCL dan pupuk Organik Supernasa. Penelitian ini menggunakan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan tiga kali ulangan. Alat yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah penggaris, rol meter, gembor, cangkul, tugal, kamera digital, jangka sorong dan timbangan analitik. Bahan yang digunakan adalah benih lobak, pupuk KCL dan pupuk Organik Supernasa. Perlakuan terdiri dari 9 kombinasi. Perlakuan tersebut diulang sebanyak 3 kali sehingga 27 satuan percobaan. Berikut merupakan satuan percobaan tersebut: P1 = Organik 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P2 = Organik 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P3 = Organik 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 200 kg ha-1, P4 = Organik 60 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P5 = Organik 60 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P6 = Organik 60 kg/ha-1 + KCL 200kg/ha-1, P7 = Organik 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P8 = Organik 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P9 = Organik 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 200 kg ha-1. Parameter yang diamati ialah tinggi tanaman (cm), Jumlah daun (helai), panjang umbi (cm), diameter umbi (mm), bobot umbi (g), bobot hasil umbi (t/ha). Data yang didapat dari hasil pengamatan dilakukan analisa data menggunakan analisis ragam (uji F) dengan taraf 5%, apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ) pada taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan pupuk Organik dan pupuk Kalium berbeda nyata pada komponen petumbuhan dan hasil tanaman. Perlakuan dengan Organik 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1 memberikan hasil yang paling baik pada parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang umbi, diameter umbi, bobot umbi dan hasil panen pada tanaman lobak.
English Abstract
Radish plants (Raphanus sativa L.) is an annual plant that includes tubers from the cabbage tribe. This plant is preferred from China, so it is more popularly called Chinese turnip. Radish plants are easily planted in Indonesia, both in the highlands and lowlands. Almost all radish plants can be used by humans. Data from the results of a survey of the Central Statistics Agency for agriculture on vegetable production in Indonesia, shows that radish production has decreased, namely in 2013 the number of production was 32,372 tons, in 2014 the number of production was 31,865 tons, in 2015 the total production was 21,479 tons and in 2016 the total production was 19,483 ton (BPS, 2018). In an effort to increase the growth and production of turnips, fertilization factors by fertilizing both with organic and inorganic fertilizers. One of the inorganic fertilizers needed by radish plants that can improve growth and development, especially tubers, is Potassium fertilizer. In addition to providing or adding inorganic fertilizers for turnip plants, organic fertilizer must also be added. Because organic fertilizer is very beneficial for increasing agricultural production, including reducing environmental pollution and improving land quality in a sustainable manner. Supernasa Fertilizer in the long run can increase land productivity and can prevent land degradation. Its role is quite large in improving the physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the soil and the environment. Addition of organic matter in addition to being a source of nutrients for plants, as well as a source of energy and nutrients for microbes (Haryono, 2011). The research was conducted in the Jatimulyo Experimental Garden Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University Malang, Jatimulyo Village, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, East Java, with a height of 460-667 meters above sea level. This research was conducted in May to July 2019. The tools used in this study were rulers, meter rollers, bloats, hoes, torches, digital cameras, calipers and analytical scales. The ingredients used are radish long varieties of Chinese Radish seeds, KCL fertilizer and Supernasa Organic fertilizer. This study uses a randomized block design (RBD), with three replications. The tools used in this study were a ruler, roller meters, fat, hoe, torch, digital cameras, calipers and analytical scales. The ingredients used are radish seeds, KCL fertilizer and Supernasa Organic fertilizer. The treatment consisted of 9 combinations. The treatment was repeated 3 times so that 27 units of the experiment. The following are the experimental units: P1 = Organic 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P2 = Organic 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P3 = Organic 50 kg ha-1 + KCL 200 kg ha-1, P4 = Organic 60 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P5 = Organic 60 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P6 = Organic 60 kg ha-1 + KCL 200 kg ha-1, P7 = Organic 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 100 kg ha-1, P8 = Organic 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1, P9 = Organic 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 200 kg ha-1. The parameters observed were plant height (cm), number of leaves (strands), tuber length (cm), tuber diameter (mm), tuber weight (g), tuber yield weight (t/ha). Data obtained from observations were analyzed using a variety of analysis (F test) with a level of 5%, if there is a real influence followed by a test of Honestly Significant Difference (BNJ) at the level of 5%. The results showed that the treatment of Organic fertilizer and Potassium fertilizer was significantly different in the components of plants and plant yields. Treatment with Organic 70 kg ha-1 + KCL 150 kg ha-1 gave the best results on the parameters of plant height, number of leaves, tuber length, tuber diameter, tuber weight and yields on turnips.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/148/051906891 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.3 Edible leaves, flowers, stems > 635.34 Cabbage |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:15 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:15 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173470 |
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