Suharmulyono, Rizal (2019) Eksplorasi Plant Growth Promoting Rizobacteria (PGPR) Pada Kawasan Agroforestri di UB Forest. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Mikroba tanah memiliki peran penting didalam tanah yang diperkirakan bahwa 80-90% dari peran tersebut dipengaruhi oleh mikroba tanah. Salah satu contoh mikroba yaitu bakteri. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) adalah kelompok bakteri yang menghuni rizosfer serta berpengaruh positif pada pertumbuhan tanaman melalui mekanisme langsung dan tidak langsung yang menjaga kesehatan tanaman dan kesuburan tanah. Kegiatan pertanian di hutan produksi UB Forest didominasi oleh tanaman kopi dengan naungan pinus serta terdapat perbedaan budidaya yang diterapkan oleh petani setempat. Hal ini dapat berpengaruh terhadap kelimpahan serta keanekaragaman bakteri. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengkaji keberadaan, kelimpahan, dan keanekaragaman bakteri PGPR pada kawasan agroforestri di UB Forest. Plot sampel penelitian berada di hutan pendidikan Universitas Brawijaya (UB Forest), sedangkan pengamatan mikroba dilakukan di Laboratorium Sentral Ilmu Hayati (LSIH) Universitas Brawijaya dan Laboratorium Penyakit Tumbuhan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya mulai bulan Desember 2018–Juni 2019. Terdapat tiga plot sampel pengamatan, yaitu (a) plot LC (Low density Coffee), (b) plot MC (Medium density Coffee), dan (c) plot HC (High density Coffee). Rangkaian penelitian meliputi pembuatan plot sampel pengamatan, pengamatan suhu tanah, pengamatan pH, pengamatan bahan organik, pengambilan sampel tanah dan isolasi bakteri rizosfer, seleksi bakteri rizosfer sebagai PGPR, karakterisasi morfologi koloni tunggal dan morfologi sel bakteri serta uji Gram. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi iklim mikro dengan keanekaragaman bakteri. Pada hasil eksplorasi dari semua plot sampel pengamatan ditemukan sebanyak 54 isolat bakteri, sebanyak 35 isolat bakteri mampu menambat nitrogen, 49 isolat bakteri mampu melarut fosfat serta sebanyak 30 isolat bakteri mempunyai sifat keduanya. Selain itu, terdapat 61% atau 33 isolat bakteri yang bersifat Gram negatif dan 39% atau 21 isolat bakteri bersifat Gram positif. Kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman bakteri pelarut fosfat lebih tinggi dibandingkan bakteri penambat nitrogen disetiap plot sampel pengamatan. Kelimpahan bakteri penambat nitrogen tertinggi terdapat pada plot MC yaitu sebesar 7,00 x 107, selain itu kelimpahan bakteri pelarut fosfat tertinggi terdapat pada plot MC yaitu sebesar 9,70 x 107. Keanekaragaman dari semua plot sampel pengamatan termasuk sedang dan kondisi ekosistem cukup seimbang. Hal ini disebabkan oleh suhu, pH, dan bahan organik disetiap plot sampel pengamatan terlihat hampir sama. Selain itu, uji korelasi menunjukkan bahwa suhu tanah, pH, dan bahan organik memiliki hubungan yang kuat (0,71-0,72) hingga sangat kuat (0,89-0,96) terhadap keanekaragaman Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR).
English Abstract
Soil microbes have an important role in the soil, it is estimated that 80-90% of these roles are influenced by soil microbes. One example of microbes are bacteria. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of bacteria that inhabit the rhizosphere and have a positive effect on plant growth through direct and indirect mechanisms that maintain plant health and soil fertility. Agricultural activities in the production forests of UB Forest are dominated by coffee plants with pine shade and there are differences in cultivation applied by local farmers. This can affect the abundance and diversity of bacteria. The purpose of this study is to examine the presence, abundance, and diversity of PGPR bacteria in agroforestry areas in UB Forest. The research sample plot was in the Brawijaya University's education forest (UB Forest), while microbial observations were carried out at the Central Laboratory of Biological Sciences of Brawijaya University and the Laboratory of Plant Diseases at the Faculty of Agriculture, Brawijaya University from December 2018-June 2019. There were three sample plot observations, namely (a) LC (Lowdensity Coffee) plot, (b) MC (Medium-density Coffee) plot, and (c) HC (Highdensity Coffee) plot. The series of studies include making sample plot observations, soil temperature observations, pH observations, observing organic matter, soil sampling and isolation of rhizosphere bacteria, selection of rhizosphere bacteria as PGPR, characterization of single colony morphology and bacterial cell morphology and Gram tests. Data analysis used a micro-climate correlation test with bacterial diversity. In the results of exploration from all the observation sample plots, 54 bacterial isolats were found, 35 bacterial isolats were able to tether nitrogen, 49 bacterial isolats were able to dissolve phosphate and as many as 30 bacterial isolats had both properties. Also, there are 61% or 33 bacterial isolats that are Gramnegative and 39% or 21 bacterial isolats are Gram-positive. The abundance and diversity of phosphate solubilizing bacteria were higher than that of nitrogen-fixing bacteria in each plot of the observed sample. The highest abundance of nitrogenfixing bacteria was found in the MC plot which was 7,00 x 107, besides that the highest abundance of phosphate solubilizing bacteria was found in the MC plot which was 9,70 x 107. The diversity of all observation sample plots included moderate and the ecosystem condition was quite balanced. This is caused by temperature, pH, and organic matter in each observation sample plots looks almost the same. Also, the correlation test shows that soil temperature, pH, and organic matter have a strong relationship (0,71-0,72) to very strong (0,89-0,96) on diversity of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR).
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/168/051906911 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.4 Soil science > 631.46 Soil biology |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:15 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jan 2022 04:06 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173461 |
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