Arifianti, Novita Putri (2019) Pengaruh Pemberian Dosis Pupuk Organik Dan Anorganik Pada Tumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Selada (Lactuca Sativa Var. Longifolia L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Selada (Lactuca sativa L.) merupakan salah satu sayuran daun yang digemari oleh masyarakat. Di Indonesia selada belum berkembang pesat sebagai sayuran komersial, hanya pada kota-kota besar yang menjadi pusat produsenprodusen sayuran. Selada memiliki potensi untuk dikembangkan di Indonesia karena disamping memiliki peran dalam meningkatkan gizi masyarakat, juga salah satu komoditi sayuran daun yang memiliki prospek dan nilai komersial yang cukup tinggi. Selada dikenal sebagai sumber mineral, pro-vitamin A, vitamin C dan serat (Rubatzky dan Yamaguchi, 1998). Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh dari Kementrian Perdagangan RI (2018) nilai ekspor sayuran pada tahun 2015 sebesar US$ 124,5 juta telah mengalami penurunan pada tahun 2017 menjadi US$ 101,4 juta. Kesadaran masyarakat terhadap pola hidup sehat semakin meningkat, sehingga harus diikuti dengan peningkatan produksi. Adapun faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap kualitas yang dihasilkan selada daun diantaranya adalah unsur hara. Tercukupinya kebutuhan hara tanaman akan menghasilkan produk dengan kualitas dan nilai ekonomis yang tinggi. Oleh karena itu untuk memenuhi kebutuhan unsur hara pada tanaman dapat dilakukan dengan aplikasi penambahan pupuk organik dan anorganik. Penelitian di polibag dilaksanakan di lahan milik petani yang terletak di Desa Sumberjo, Kecamatan Dau, Kabupaten Malang, Jawa Timur. Lahan terletak pada ketinggian kurang lebih 538 mdpl dengan suhu rata-rata 19o hingga 31o C dan curah hujan 297-335 mm/bulan. Kondisi iklim kota Malang cenderung basah dengan kelembaban udara berkisar 74% - 94%. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2018 hingga Februari 2019. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 2 faktor. Faktor 1 adalah jenis pupuk organik yang terdiri dari 3 taraf, yaitu: P0 = tanpa pupuk kandang, P1 = pupuk kandang sapi dan P2 = pupuk kandang kelinci. Faktor 2 adalah dosis pupuk NPK yang terdiri dari 4 taraf, yaitu: N1 = 300 kg/ha, N2 = 500 kg/ha, N3 = 700 kg/ha N4 = 900 kg/ha. Masing-masing kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi komponen pertumbuhan dan komponen panen. Komponen pertumbuhan terdiri dari tinggi tanaman dan jumlah daun. Sedangkan komponen panen terdiri dari luas daun per tanaman, bobot segar total per tanaman, bobot segar konsumsi per tanaman dan kadar klorofil. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis ragam (ANOVA) taraf 5% untuk mengetahui pengaruh perlakuan yang diberikan. Apabila didapatkan hasil yang berbeda nyata (F hitung > F tabel) maka dilakukan uji lanjutan Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi interaksi antara perlakuan jenis pupuk organik dan pupuk NPK terhadap luas daun dan kadar klorofil. Perlakuan pupuk kandang kelinci 10 ton/ha dengan pupuk NPK 700 kg/ha memberikan hasil terbaik pada luas daun yaitu 1326,70 cm2/tanaman dan kadar klorofil yaitu 21,05 mg/g. Pemberian pupuk kandang sapi 10 ton/ha dan pupukii kandang kelinci 10 ton/ha berpengaruh nyata terhadap tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, bobot segar total, bobot segar konsumsi dan bobot segar akar per tanaman. Perlakuan pupuk kandang kelinci 10 ton/ha memiliki hasil yang lebih tinggi pada jumlah daun dan bobot segar total per tanaman dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa pupuk kandang dan perlakuan pupuk kandang sapi. Pemberian pupuk NPK berpengaruh nyata terhadap bobot segar konsumsi per tanaman. Perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK 700 kg/ha memiliki bobot segar konsumsi per tanaman lebih tinggi dibandingkan perlakuan lainnya, namun tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk NPK 900 kg/ha.
English Abstract
Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is one of the leaf vegetables that is favored by the community. Lettuce has not developed rapidly as a commercial vegetable in Indonesia, only in big cities which become centers of vegetable producers. Lettuce has the potential to be developed in Indonesia because in addition to having a role in improving community nutrition, it is also one of the leaf vegetable commodities that has high commercial prospects and value. Lettuce is known as a source of minerals, pro-vitamin A, vitamin C and fiber (Rubatzky and Yamaguchi, 1998). Based on data obtained from the Indonesian Ministry of Trade (2018) the value of vegetable exports in 2015 of US $ 124.5 million has decreased in 2017 to US $ 101.4 million. Public awareness of healthy lifestyles is increasing, so it must be followed by increased production. The factors that affect the quality of leaf lettuce produced include nutrients. Meeting the needs of plant nutrients will produce products with high quality and economic value. Therefore, to meet the needs of nutrients in plants can be done with the application of the addition of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The research on polybags was carried out on farmers' land located in Sumberjo Village, Dau District, Malang Regency, East Java. The land is located at an altitude of approximately 538 meters above sea level with an average temperature of 19o to 31o C and rainfall of 297-335 mm / month. The climatic conditions in the city of Malang tend to be wet with air humidity ranging from 74% - 94%. This research was conducted in December 2018 until February 2019. The research was conducted using factorial randomized block design (RBD) with 2 factors. Factor 1 is the type of organic fertilizer consisting of 3 levels, namely: P0 = without manure, P1 = cow manure and P2 = rabbit manure. Factor 2 is the NPK fertilizer dose consisting of 4 levels, namely: N1 = 300 kg / ha, N2 = 500 kg / ha, N3 = 700 kg / ha N4 = 900 kg / ha. Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The parameters observed include the growth component and the harvest component. The growth component consists of plant height and number of leaves. While the harvest component consists of leaf area per plant, total fresh weight per plant, fresh weight consumption per plant and chlorophyll content. The data obtained were then analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% to determine the effect of the treatment given. If there is a significantly different results (F arithmetic> F table) then the next test is the Least Significant Difference (LSD). The results showed that there was an interaction between the treatment of organic fertilizer and NPK fertilizer on leaf area and chlorophyll content. The treatment of rabbit manure 10 tons / ha with NPK fertilizer 700 kg / ha gave the best results on the leaf area of 1326.70 cm2 / plant and chlorophyll content which was 21.05 mg/g. Giving cow manure 10 tons / ha and rabbit manure 10 tons / ha have a significant effect on number of leaves and total fresh weight, fresh weight of consumption and fresh weight of roots per plant. The treatment of rabbit manure 10 tons / ha has a higher yield on number of leaves and total fresh weightiv per plant compared to the treatment without manure and cow manure. NPK fertilizer application has a significant effect on the fresh weight of consumption per plant. The treatment dose of NPK fertilizer 700 kg / ha has a higher fresh weight consumption per plant compared to other treatments, but not significantly different from the treatment dose of NPK fertilizer 900 kg / ha.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/352/051907095 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 635 Garden crops (Horticulture) > 635.5 Salad greens > 635.52 Lettuce > 635.528 Lettuce (Special cultivation methods; Fertilizers, soil conditioners, growth regulators) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 14 Oct 2019 03:01 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 06:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173304 |
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