Dewi, Ekky Krystyna (2019) Dinamika Nitrogen Tersedia (NH4+ & NO3-) Dan Nitrogen Total Tanah Dari Penambahan Berbagai Kombinasi Seresah Tebu, Mikroba Selulolitik, Pupuk Kandang Sapi, Dolomit Dan Urea. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tebu (Saccharum officinarum, L.) merupakan tanaman perkebunan sebagai bahan baku pemanis berupa gula kristal. Produksi gula Indonesia pada tahun 2015 tidak mengalami perkembangan bahkan mengalami defisit kebutuhan gula. Menyikapi permasalah dengan memperbaiki sistem budidaya tebu akibat menggunakan pupuk anorganik seperti CH4N2O (urea) menjadikan lahan perkebunan mengalami penurunan kesuburan tanah seperti menurunkan unsur hara dan menurunkan pH tanah. Sistem budidaya tebu meninggalkan sisa panen sebesar 10-15%, padahal seresah tebu dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan untuk meningkatkan ketersedian unsur hara. Saat panen tebu terjadi kehilangan unsur hara N dalam jumlah besar, kehilangan N disebabkan oleh terangkut unsur hara tanpa pemasukan bahan organik kembali. Tanaman tebu membutuhkan unsur hara N dalam proses pertumbuhan dengan menyerap nitrogen berbentuk (NH4+) dan (NO3-), penyerapan nitrogen mempengaruhi proses dekomposisi. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui sejauh mana proses dinamika nitrogen tersedia (NH4+ & NO3-), nitrogen total tanah, dan sifat kimia khususnya C-organik dan pH setelah penambahan seresah tebu, mikroba selulolitik pupuk kandang sapi, dan urea. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Januari hingga April 2019 di Puslit Gula PT. Perkenunan Nasional X Djengkol Kediri. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) satu faktor dengan 4 ulangan. Terdiri dari 9 perlakuan yaitu: S1 (Molase +Seresah), S1S (Molase+Seresah+Bakteri Selulolitik), S1T (Molase +Seresah + Jamur Trichoderma sp.), S1SU (Molase +Seresah +Bakteri Selulolitik +Urea), S1TU (Molase +Seresah +Jamur Trichoderma sp. +Urea), S1SUD (Molase +Seresah +Bakteri Selulolitik +Urea +Dolomit), S1TUD (Molase+Seresah +Jamur Trichoderma sp. +Urea +Dolomit), S1SUP (Molase +Seresah +Bakteri Selulolitik +Urea +Pupuk Kandang Sapi), dan S1TUP (Molase +Seresah + Jamur Trichoderma sp. +Urea +Pupuk Kandang Sapi). Parameter yang diamati meliputi N-tersedia (NH4+ dan NO3-), N-total, C-organik, Nisbah C/N, pH, Laju Pertumbuhan Tanaman (LPT), Luas daun, dan Relatif Growth Rate (RGR). Data yang terkumpul diolah dengan aplikasi Genstat edition 12th., jika hasilnya berbeda nyata maka di uji lanjut BNT taraf 5%. Penambahan seresah tebu, mikroba selulolitik, pupuk kandang sapi, dolomit dan urea berpengaruh nyata terhadap N-tersedia (NH4+ dan NO3-), N-total, C-organik, nisbah C/N, pH, Luas daun, dan Relatif Growth Rate (RGR). Perlakuan S1SUD (Molase+Seresah+Bakteri Selulolitik+Urea+dolomit) mampu memperbaiki ketersedian unsur hara dan kecepatan pertumbuhan tanaman tebu. Laju Pertumbuhan Tanaman (LPT) berupa tinggi, diameter batang, jumlah anakan, dan jumlah daun didapatkan hasil berbeda-beda setiap perlakuan. Hasil terbaik laju pertumbuhan tanaman pada perlakuan S1SUP (Molase+Seresah+Bakteri Selulolitik+Urea+Pupuk Kandang Sapi). Ketersedian nitrogen mempengaruhi luas daun sebesar 34,9%. Nitrogen dibutuhkan dalam proses fotosintesis tumbuhan.Nitrogen dalam proses dekomposisi bahan organik dengan bantuan bakteri selulolitik mampu mempercepat terurai bahan organik menjadi tersedia bagi tanaman sehingga meningkatkan produktivitas tanaman tebu. Penambahan bahan organik yang diaplikasikan berpengaruh terhadap tinggi rendahnya kandungan nitrogen maupun kehilangan nitrogen.
English Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum, L.) is a plantation plant as a sweetener raw material in the form of crystal sugar. Indonesian sugar production in 2015 did not experience growth or even experienced a deficit in sugar demand. Addressing the problem by improving the sugarcane cultivation system due to the use of inorganic fertilizers such as CH4N2O (urea) makes the land of plantations experience a decrease in soil fertility such as reducing nutrients and lowering soil pH. The sugarcane cultivation system leaves the remaining harvest by 10-15%, whereas sugar cane litter can be used as material to increase nutrient availability. When the sugarcane harvest occurs there is a large amount of nutrient loss, N loss is caused by transporting nutrients without re-entry of organic matter. Sugarcane requires N nutrients in the growth process by absorbing nitrogen in the form of (NH4 +) and (NO3-), nitrogen absorption affects the decomposition process. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of the process of available nitrogen dynamics (NH4 + & NO3-), total nitrogen of the soil, and chemical properties, especially C-organic and pH after addition of sugar cane litter, cellulolytic microbial cow manure, and urea. This study was held in January to April 2019 at the the Puslit Gula PT. Perkebunan Nusantara X Djengkol, Kediri. The method used is a one-factor randomized block design with 4 replications. It consists of 9 treatments, are: S1 (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter), S1S (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria), S1T (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Trichoderma sp.), S1SU (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria + Urea), S1TU (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Trichoderma sp. + Urea), S1SUD (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria + Urea + Dolomite), S1TUD (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Trichoderma sp. + Urea + Dolomite), S1SUP (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria + Cow Manure), and S1TUP (Molasses + Sugarcane Litter + Trichoderma sp. Mushroom + Urea + Cow Manure). The observed parameters include N-available (NH4 + & NO3-), N-Total, C-organic, C/N ratio, pH, crop growth rate (LPT), leaf area, and relative Growth Rate (RGR). Data had been collected is will be processed using the Genstat application, if the results are significantly different then further testing uses the BNT test with a level of 5%. The addition of sugar cane litter, cellulolytic microbes, cow manure, dolomite and urea significantly affected N-available (NH4 + and NO3-), N-total, C-organic, C / N ratio, pH, leaf area, and Relative Growth Rate ( RGR). S1SUD treatment (Molasses + Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria + Urea + dolomite) can improve nutrient availability and speed of growth of sugarcane. Plant Growth Rate (LPT) in the form of height, stem diameter, number of tillers, and number of leaves obtained different results each treatment. The best results of the growth rate of plants in the S1SUP treatment (Molasses + Litter + Cellulolytic Bacteria + Urea + Cow Manure). Nitrogen availability affects leaf area by 34.9%. Nitrogen is needed in the process of plant photosynthesis. Nitrogen in the process of decomposition of organic material with the help of cellulolytic bacteria is able to accelerate decompose organic matter into available plants so as to increase the productivity of sugarcane. The addition of organic material applied has an effect on the high and low levels of nitrogen content and loss of nitrogen.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/264/051907007 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.61 Sugarcane |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:05 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173275 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |