Anisa, Siti Khoirum (2019) Efektivitas Pupuk NPK 26-12-12 terhadap Serapan Hara N P K, Pertumbuhan, dan Produksi Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) di Kebun Percobaan Mojosari, Mojokerto. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan jagung (Zea mays L) mengalami peningkatan seiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah penduduk, usaha peternakan dan industri yang menggunakan jagung sebagai bahan bakunya. Upaya peningkatan hasil panen jagung akan sangat bergantung pada pemberian kebutuhan unsur hara dalam tanah, seperti pemberian pupuk. Pupuk anorganik sangat berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil produksi jagung, terutama pupuk NPK. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, program pemupukan seharusnya didasarkan pada hasil uji tanah dan analisa jaringan tanaman dengan memperhatikan status hara, kebutuhan tanaman jagung serta keadaan lingkungan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan dan mengkaji pengaruh pemberian pupuk NPK terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil serta kadar hara yang dapat di serap oleh tanaman jagung. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Pengkajian Teknologi Pertanian Kecamatan Mojosari, Mojokerto Jawa Timur pada bulan Januari sampai Mei 2019. Pengujian sampel serapan dilaksanakan di Laboratorium Kimia Tanah, Jurusan Tanah, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 8 perlakuan dan ulangan sebanyak 3 kali, sehingga terdapat 24 unit satuan percobaan. Metode pengamatan dikelompokkan menjadi 3 yaitu: variabel pertumbuhan, variabel produksi, dan variabel serapan hara N P K tanaman. Perlakuan dosis antara lain Kontrol (tanpa pupuk); Dosis Standart (Phonska/NPK 15-15-15 dosis 256 kg/ha + Urea 393 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 320 kg/ha + Urea 296 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); ¾ Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 240 kg/ha + Urea 136 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); ½ Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 160 kg/ha + Urea 91 kg/ha + KCl 121 kg/ha); ¼ Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 80 kg/ha+ Urea 45 kg/ha + KCl 60 kg/ha); 1½ Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 480 kg/ha + Urea 273 kg/ha + KCl 363 kg/ha); 1¾ Dosis Anjuran (NPK 26-12-12 560 kg/ha + Urea 318 kg/ha + KCl 423 kg/ha). Analisis data menggunakan analisis statistik yaitu Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) menggunakan program pengolah data Genstat 12th edition dengan uji lanjut DMRT taraf 5%. Perlakuan dosis pupuk dengan peningkatan dosis anjuran dapat memberikan pengaruh nyata. Nilai rerata tertinggi terdapat pada perlakuan 1¾ dosis anjuran terhadap semua variabel pertumbuhan tanaman saat 54 HST. Perlakuan pupuk 1¾ dosis anjuran juga dapat memberikan hasil produksi paling tinggi terhadap semua variabel dibandingkan dengan perlakuan dosis yang paling rendah (¼ dosis anjuran). Rerata serapan N, P, dan K paling tinggi terdapat pada perlakuan pupuk dengan dosis 1¾ dosis anjuran, dimana serapan N, P, dan K paling tinggi terdapat pada bagian batang-daun, kemudian biji, dan akar tanaman jagung. Nilai RAE pada perlakuan ½, ¾, 1, 1½, 1¾ dosis anjuran masing-masing mampu mencapai 116%, 133%, 141%, 181%, dan 206%. Artinya pemberian pupuk NPK 26-12-12 pada tanaman jagung lebih efektif dibandingkan dengan perlakuan dosis pupuk standart.
English Abstract
The need for corn (Zea mays L.) has increased along with the increase in population, livestock businesses, and industries that use corn as their raw material. Efforts to increase the yield of corn will depend on the provision of nutrients in the soil, such as the provision of fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizers greatly influence the growth and yield of corn, especially NPK fertilizer. To overcome this problem, the fertilization program should be based on the results of soil testing and analysis of plant tissue by taking into account nutrient status, corn crop needs and environmental conditions. The purpose of this research was to determine and to assess the effect of NPK fertilizer on growth, yield and nutrient content that can be absorbed by corn plants. This research was carried out in the Experimental Field of Agricultural Technology Assessment Institute in Mojosari Subdistrict, Mojokerto, East Java, from January to May 2019. Testing of absorption samples was carried out at the Soil Chemical Laboratory, Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya. The method used in this study was Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications; so that, were 24 experimental units. The observation methods were grouped into 3, which were; growth variables, production variables, and nutrient uptake variables N P K plants. Dosage treatments included Control (without fertilizer); Standard dosage (Phonska / NPK 15-15-15 dose 256 kg/ha + Urea 393 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 320 kg/ha + Urea 296 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); ¾ Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 240 kg/ha + Urea 136 kg/ha + KCl 181 kg/ha); ½ Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 160 kg/ha + Urea 91 kg/ha + KCl 121 kg/ha); ¼ Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 80 kg/ha + Urea 45 kg/ha + KCl 60 kg/ha); 1½ Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 480 kg/ha + Urea 273 kg/ha + KCl 363 kg/ha); 1¾ Recommended Dosage (NPK 26-12-12 560 kg/ha + Urea 318 kg/ha + KCl 423 kg/ha). Data was analyzed by using statistical analysis, namely Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), by using the Genstat 12th edition data processing program with DMRT advanced test of 5%. It was found that the high dosage of fertilizer gave a significant effect. The highest mean value was found in the treatment of 1¾ recommended dosage for all variables of plant growth at 54 HST. Fertilizer treatment 1¾ recommended dosage could also provide the highest yield of all variables compared to the lowest dose treatment (1¾ recommended dosage). The highest N, P, and K uptake were found in fertilizer treatment with a dosage of 1¾ recommended dosage, where the highest N, P and K uptake was found in the stem-leaf part, then seeds, and corn plant roots. RAE values in the treatment were ½, ¾, 1, 1½, 1¾ recommended dosage each capable of reaching 116%, 133%, 141%, 181%, and 206%. This means that the application of NPK fertilizer 26-12-12 in corn plants was more effective than the standard fertilizer dosage treatment.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/261/051907004 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.15 Corn |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:05 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:05 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173270 |
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