Adielfina, Siska (2019) Eksplorasi Jamur Endofit Pada Daun Dan Pelepah Tanaman Pisang Serta Uji Kemampuan Antagonisnya Terhadap Patogen Curvularia Lunata (Wakk.) Boed. Secara In Vitro. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tanaman pisang (Musa sp.) adalah tanaman tahunan yang banyak ditemukan di hampir setiap wilayah di Indonesia. Indonesia menjadi pusat penyebaran pisang dan pisang juga kaya akan keanekaragamannya. Salah satu penyebab penurunan produksi pisang adalah penyakit bercak daun yang disebabkan oleh Curvularia lunata. Di Indonesia, penyakit ini banyak dijumpai di tanaman dan dapat merusak produksi karena merusak daun. Sejauh ini, penyakit itu dikendalikan oleh kultur teknis, varietas tahan, penggunaan fungisida kimia, pengendalian penyakit tanaman menggunakan zat kimia kini mulai dihindari karena dampak negatifnya terhadap lingkungan dan konsumen. Penggunaan kontrol biologis seperti jamur endofit dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif untuk mencegah C. lunata dalam pisang. Kontrol biologis lebih alami dan lebih aman bagi lingkungan. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengeksplorasi jamur endofit pada pisang dan menguji potensi antagonis jamur endofit untuk menghambat pertumbuhan C. Lunata secara in vitro. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Patologi Tumbuhan, Departemen Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya dari Januari hingga Juni 2019. Implementasi penelitian ini meliputi beberapa tahap, yaitu isolasi jamur patogen C. lunata diisolasi dari daun pisang yang terinfeksi oleh C. lunata di lapangan. Eksplorasi lebih lanjut jamur endofit diisolasi dari daun dan pelepah pisang, dimurnikan, dan tumbuh di PDA. Identifikasi jamur didasarkan pada koloni dan jamur morfologi dalam PDA menggunakan buku Illustrated Genere dari Imperfect Fungi Fourthed Barnet and Hunter (1972). Ditemukan 7 jamur endofit dari daun yaitu Verticillium sp, Dendryphiopsis sp, Trichoderma sp, Taeniolella sp, sementara 4 isolat lainnya EP1, EP2, EP3, dan EP4 tidak dapat diidentifikasi dan juga dari pelepah yaitu Gonytricum sp, Amblyosporium sp dan Lacellina sp. Uji antagonis dilakukan dengan menghitung jari-jari patogen, pengamatan penghambatan jamur endofit terhadap patogen C. lunata yang diisolasi dari daun dan pelepah tanaman pisang dilakukan 1 HSI (hari setelah isolasi) hingga 7 HSI. Semua isolat jamur endofit diuji potensi antagonis dengan C. lunata pada PDA. Hasil uji 11 isolat jamur endofit menunjukkan kemampuan antagonis dan penghambatan berbeda terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan koloni C. lunata. Hasil analisis ragam menunjukkan bahwa jamur berpotensi sebagai antagonis dan berpengaruh nyata terhadap penghambatan pertumbuhan patogen C.lunata pada hari ketujuh. Dalam pengamatan 2 HSI hingga 7 HSI menghambat genus jamur Trichoderma sp. persentase penghambatan tertinggi pada 7 HSI mencapai 77,02%
English Abstract
Banana plants (Musa sp.) is an annual plant that is commonly found in almost every region in Indonesia. Indonesia becomes the center for distributing bananas and bananas are also rich diversity. One cause of the decline in banana production is leaf spot disease caused by Curvularia lunata. In Indonesia, the disease found in many plants and can be detrimental to production due to damage to leaves. So far, the disease was control by technical culture, resistant varieties, use chemical fungicides, plant disease control using chemical substances are now beginning to be avoided because of the negative impact on the environment and consumer. The use of biological control such as endophytic fungi can be used as an alternative to prevent C. lunata in bananas. Biological control is natural and safer for the environment. The research objective was conduction to explore of banana and examine the potential antagonist of the endophytic fungi to inhibit the growth of C. lunata in vitro. The study was carried out at the Laboratory of Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pests and Diseases, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Brawijaya from January to June 2019. The implementation of this research includes several stages, namely the isolation of pathogenic fungi C. lunata was isolated from banana leaf infected by C. lunata in the field. Further exploration of endophytic fungi was isolated from leaves and midribs banana, purified, and grow on PDA. Identification of fungi was based on colony and morphology fungi in PDA using the book Illustrated Genere of Imperfect Fungi Fourthed Barnet and Hunter (1972). It was found 7 endophytic fungi from leaves namely Verticillium sp, Dendryphiopsis sp, Thricoderma sp, Taeniolella sp, while 4 isolates the other EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 can not be identified and also from midribs namely Gonytricum sp, Amblyosporium sp, Lacellina sp. The test antagonist is done by calculating the radius of pathogens, observations inhibition of endophytic fungi against pathogens C. lunata isolated from the leaves and midribs of banana plants do 1 HSI (days after isolation) up to 7 HSI. All of the isolate endophytic fungi were examine antagonists potential C. lunata on the PDA. The results of test 11 isolate antagonistic endophytic fungi showed different inhibitory ability against the growth and development of colonies of C. lunata. Results of analysis of variance showed that the fungus has potential as an antagonist has a real effect on the inhibition of the growth of pathogens C.lunata on the seventh day. In observation 2 to 7 HSI HSI inhibiting fungal genus Trichoderma sp. highest percentage of inhibition at 7 HSI reached 77.02%
Other obstract
-
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/127/051906844 |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 632 Plant injuries, diseases, pests > 632.3 Diseases / Plant diseases |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Hama dan Penyakit Tanaman |
| Depositing User: | Nur Cholis |
| Date Deposited: | 23 Oct 2019 06:49 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2021 02:11 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173174 |
Preview |
Text
SISKA ADIELFINA (2).pdf Download (2MB) | Preview |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |