Wahyuningsih, Rizki Dwi (2019) Pengaruh Waktu Tanam Tanaman Refugia pada Budidaya Padi dengan Sistem PHT terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Penelitian tentang Pengaruh Waktu Tanam Tanaman Refugia pada Budidaya Padi dengan Sistem PHT terhadap Wereng Batang Coklat Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) telah dilaksanakan di lahan padi Desa Kedung Sukodani, Kecamatan Balongbendo, Kabupaten Sidoarjo mulai bulan November 2018 hingga April 2019. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh waktu tanam tanaman refugia terhadap 1) populasi WBC dan keanekaragaman arthropoda; 2) kelimpahan musuh alami; 3) intensitas serangan hama WBC; 4) produktivitas padi. Penelitian dilakukan pada budidaya padi dengan sistem PHT dengan lahan seluas 2430 m2. Lahan terbagi menjadi 9 petak dengan luas masing-masing 9x30 m. Penelitian menggunakan 3 perlakuan terdiri dari penanaman tanaman refugia Tagetes erecta dan Cosmos sulphureus 35 hari sebelum persemaian (H-35), penanaman refugia 20 hari sebelum persemaian (H-20), dan penanaman refugia bersamaan pada saat persemaian (H0). Cara budidaya yang dilakukan yaitu dengan pendekatan PHT dari Mudjiono (2013) yang telah dimodifikasi. Pengamatan yang dilakukan yaitu menghitung keanekaragaman arthropoda, populasi WBC, intensitas serangan, dan hasil produksi padi dengan cara ubinan. Analisis data menggunakan statistika nonparametrik dengan Uji Kruskal Wallis. Apabila hasil menunjukkan berbeda nyata maka dilakukan uji lanjut dengan Uji Mann-Whitney. Indeks keanekaragaman lahan dengan perbedaan waktu tanam refugia adalah 2,432 (H0), 2,634 (H-20), dan 2,876 (H-35). Kategori indeks keseragaman tinggi dengan nilai 0,730 (H0), 0,782 (H-20), dan 0,854 (H-35). Kategori indeks dominasi tidak terdapat spesies yang mendominasi dengan nilai 0,138 (H0), 0,110 (H-20), dan 0,070 (H-35). Kelimpahan musuh alami menunjukkan berbeda nyata (0,004) antara petak H0, petak H-20, dan petak H-35 masing masing 11,18 ekor/perangkap, 15,23 ekor/perangkap, dan 24,59 ekor/perangkap. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada perlakuan H-35. Hal ini diduga karena penanaman tanaman refugia yang lebih awal dapat meningkatkan populasi musuh alami. Pengamatan populasi WBC menunjukkan berbeda nyata (0,044) pada tiga perlakuan petak waktu tanam berbeda yaitu 22,27 ekor/rumpun (H0), 16,68 ekor/rumpun, dan 12,05 ekor/rumpun (H-35). Perlakuan H-35 menunjukkan berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan H0, sedangkan perlakuan H-35 menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata dengan perlakuan H-20. Perlakuan terbaik yaitu pada perlakuan H-35 karena menunjukkan kepadatan populasi WBC terendah. Hal ini diduga karena penanaman refugia lebih awal dapat mendatangkan musuh alami yang lebih banyak, sehingga dapat menekan dan mengendalikan populasi WBC pada tiga petak perlakuan waktu tanam berbeda. Intensitas serangan WBC dan hasil produksi padi menunjukkan tidak berbeda nyata terhadap perlakuan waktu tanam refugia.
English Abstract
Research on the effect of refugia planting time for the cultivation of rice with an Integrated Pest Management (IPM) toward the population of brown planthoppers Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) was conducted in Kedung Sukodani Village, Balongbendo Sub-District, Sidoarjo Regency rice field, from November 2018 to April 2019. The aim of this research was 1) to find out the influence of refugia planting time on the population of BPH and diversity of arthropods; 2) the abundance of natural enemies; 3) the intensity of BPH infestations; 4) the rice field productivity. The research was conducted on rice cultivation with an IPM system on field with an area of 2340 m2. The field was divided into 9 plots, the size each plot was of 9 x 30 m. Three treatments involved in the research were refugia planting Tagetes erecta and Cosmos sulphureus i.e to plant refugia at 35 days before rice transplanting (H-35), 20 days before rice transplanting (H-20), and the same time plant rice transplanting (H0). The method of rice cultivation was with the modified IPM approach by Mudjiono (2013). The conducted observations involve evaluation of arthropod diversity, BPH population, intensity of infestations, and ubinan sampling of rice production. Data analysis was done by Kruskall-Wallis Test. Mann-Whitney Test was carried out when the research results showed significantly difference. The diversity index of arthropods at the rice field with different planting time of refugia were 2.423 (H0), 2.634 (H-20), and 2.876 (H-35). There were a high uniformity index category with values of 0.730 (H0), 0.782 (H-20), and 0.854 (H-35). There were domination index category of no dominant species, with values of 0.138 (H0), 0.110 (H-20), and 0.070 (H-35). The abundance of natural enemies showed a significantly difference (0.004) among at plot H0, plot H-20, and plot H-35 were 11.18/trap, 15.23/trap, and 24.59/trap, respectively. The best treatment was the H-35 treatment. This was presumably because the planting of refugia that were earlier could increase the natural enemy population. The observation of the BPH population showed significantly difference (0.044), at three treatments different planting time plot i.e 22.27/hill (H0), 16.68/hill (H-20), and 12.05/hill (H-35). The H-35 treatment was significantly different with the H0 treatment, while the H-35 treatment showed no significant difference with the H-20 treatment. The best treatment was the H-35 treatment because it showed the lowest BPH population density. This was allegedly because the planting of refugia earlier could bring more natural enemies, which could suppress the population of BPH at three treatments different planting time plot. The BPH infestation intensity and rice field productivity showed no significantly difference to refugia planting time treatments.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/486/051907260 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Agroekoteknologi |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 07:01 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 07:01 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/173096 |
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