Latifah, Kamilia (2019) Upaya Peningkatan Produksi Padi (Oryza sativa) serta Pertumbuhan, Serapan Tanaman, dan Residu N, P, K Melalui Aplikasi Pupuk Organik Cair. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Kebutuhan beras terus meningkat seiring dengan laju pertumbuhan penduduk yang lebih cepat dari pertumbuhan produksi pangan yang tersedia. Petani di Kota Batu bercocok tanam tanaman semusim, satu diantaranya yaitu tanaman kubis. Sisa hasil panen kubis biasanya hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai makanan ternak atau dibuang. Limbah kubis tersebut selanjutnya dimanfaatkan sebagai pupuk organik cair yang diolah melalui proses pengomposan hingga menjadi pupuk cair kubis. Pupuk cair kubis mengandung N 0,15%, P 0,04%, dan K 0,18% yang diharapkan mampu meningkatkan produksi padi, pertumbuhan tanaman dan serapan hara. Upaya peningkatan produksi padi guna memenuhi kebutuhan pangan adalah dengan cara memanfaatkan sisa panen kubis menjadi pupuk organik cair. Pada praktiknya, pupuk cair kubis ini dibandingkan dengan pupuk organik cair yang ada di pasaran serta dikombinasikan dengan pupuk anorganik untuk mengetahui perlakuan mana yang terbaik dalam mencukupi kebutuhan hara tanaman padi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah (a) untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair terhadap pertumbuhan, produksi tanaman, dan serapan tanaman padi (b) untuk menganalisis pengaruh pemberian pupuk organik cair terhadap residu N, P, K. Penelitian lapang dilaksanakan di Desa Torongrejo, Kota Batu, Jawa Timur pada bulan Mei 2017 hingga Mei 2018. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) yang terdiri dari 7 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan dengan unit percobaan sebanyak 21 petak. Kombinasi perlakuan berupa dosis pupuk anorganik 100% NPK, 75% NPK, dan 50% NPK sesuai rekomendasi untuk tanaman padi dan pupuk organik (pupuk cair kubis dengan dosis 2,71 liter aplikasi-1 dan pupuk organik cair Mamigro dengan dosis 3,38 liter aplikasi-1). Pupuk organik cair diaplikasikan sebanyak 8 kali selama satu musim tanam dengan cara disemprotkan ke daun. Parameter pengamatan yang diamati yaitu pertumbuhan tanaman berupa tinggi tanaman dan jumlah anakan, produksi padi, serapan, dan residu N, P, K. Analisis statistika diuji menggunakan ANOVA untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian perlakuan. Apabila terdapat pengaruh nyata kemudian diuji lanjut dengan Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) dengan taraf 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi pupuk NPK 75% dan pupuk cair kubis merupakan perlakuan terbaik dengan produksi padi sebesar 3,22 ton ha-1, serta mampu meningkatkan serapan N, P berturut-turut 30% dan 47,8%. Hal ini dapat disebabkan karena pupuk organik cair diaplikasikan melalui daun sehingga lebih cepat dimanfaatkan dan diserap oleh tanaman untuk pertumbuhan dan perkembangan tanaman. Aplikasi pupuk NPK 50% dan pupuk organik cair Mamigro mampu meningkatkan residu P sebesar 94% dengan hasil sebesar 96,38 ppm dibandingkan dengan kontrol yaitu 49,68 ppm.
English Abstract
The rice needs continue to increase along with the rate of population growth which is faster than the growth of available food production. Farmers in the Batu City cultivate seasonal crops, one of them is cabbage. The cabbage waste is usually only used as animal feed or will be discarded. The cabbage waste was utilized as a liquid organic fertilizer that is processed through the composting process to become cabbage liquid fertilizer. Cabbage liquid fertilizer contains 0.15% of N, 0.04% of P, and 0.18% of K which is expected to increase the rice production, the crop growth and the nutrient uptake. The rice production enhancement efforts to meet the food needs are by utilizing the cabbage waste into a liquid organic fertilizer. In practice, this cabbage liquid fertilizer was compared with liquid organic fertilizer on the market and combined with inorganic fertilizer to determine which treatment is best in fulfilling the needs of rice crop nutrient. The purpose of this study was (a) to analyze the effect of the use of liquid organic fertilizer on growth, crop production, and uptake of rice plants (b) to analyze the effect of the use of liquid organic fertilizer on N, P, K residual The field research was conducted in Torongrejo Village, Batu City, East Java in May 2017 until May 2018. The research design was a randomized block design (RAK) consisted of 7 treatments and 3 replications with 21 units of experimental units. The combination of treatment in the form of inorganic fertilizers 100% of NPK, 75% of NPK and 50% of NPK was according to the recommendations for rice plants and organic fertilizers (cabbage liquid fertilizer with a dosage of 2,71 liters application-1 and Mamigro liquid organic fertilizer with a dosage of 3,38 liters application-1). The liquid organic fertilizer was applied 8 times during the growing season, by spraying it onto the leaves. The observation parameter was the growth of plants such as plant height and number of tillers, rice production, uptake, and N, P, K residual. Statistical analysis was tested using ANOVA to determine the effect of treatment. If there was a real effect, then it was further tested by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) with a level of 5%. The results showed that application of 75% of NPK fertilizer and cabbage liquid fertilizer is the best result with the rice production by 3.22 tons ha-1, and was able to increase uptake N, P in a row of 30% and 47.8%. The explanation of this result could be because the liquid organic fertilizer was applied through the leaves so that it was utilized and absorbed by plants quickly and influence the plant growth and development. The application of 50% of NPK fertilizer and Mamigro liquid organic fertilizer was able to increase the P residue by 94% with the results of 96.38 ppm compared with the control that was 49.68 ppm.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/80/051906775 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Ilmu Tanah |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 06:59 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 06:59 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172951 |
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