Patabang, Marianty (2019) Perencanaan Instalasi Pengolahan Air Limbah (IPAL) Wilayah Selatan Fakultas Teknik Universitas Brawijaya. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Fakultas Teknik Wilayah Selatan Universitas Brawijaya Malang terdiri dari Jurusan Teknik Mesin, Teknik Elektro dan Teknik Industri yang menjadi tempat pelaksanaan studi ini. Hingga saat ini di lokasi studi, air limbah domestik berupa black water diolah di septic tank sementara grey water langsung masuk ke saluran drainase yang kemudian dapat bercampur dengan stormwater dan langsung menuju ke badan air penerima (sungai) tanpa melalui proses pengolahan terlebih dahulu. Hal tersebut dapat menimbulkan percemaran air serta lingkungan penerima. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya perencanaan sistem penyaluran dan pengolahan air limbah yang tepat, yang harus dilalui sebelum akhirnya dapat dibuang. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui besarnya debit air limbah di lokasi studi, mengetahui karakteristik air limbah di lokasi studi, mengetahui spesifikasi teknis jaringan perpipaan yang dibutuhkan di lokasi studi, mengetahui spesifikasi teknis bangunan pengolahan air limbah yang dibutuhkan di lokasi studi, serta untuk mengetahui besarnya rencana anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan. Langkah awal dari studi ini adalah pengumpulan data berupa: data jumlah pengguna air (dosen, pegawai, mahasiswa) dari masing – masing jurusan, data topografi, serta data kualitas air limbah (pH, BOD5, COD, TSS, Minyak & Lemak). Pengambilan sampel dilakukan langsung oleh peneliti di lokasi studi dengan metode grab sampling. Sampel – sampel tersebut dianalisa di Laboratorium Perum Jasa Tirta 1. Langkah selanjutnya yaitu analisa debit air limbah berdasarkan kebutuhan air bersih. Kemudian menentukan lokasi bangunan pengolahan air limbah serta konektivitas pipa penyaluran air limbah berdasarkan data topografi. Lalu dibuat desain pipa penyaluran air limbah dan desain teknis IPAL yang dibutuhkan. Kemudian ditentukan kelas air serta kesesuaian dengan baku mutu yang berlaku terhadap effluent pengolahan yang direncanakan. Langkah terakhir ialah menghitung rencana anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan perhitungan, debit air limbah domestik di lokasi studi adalah sebesar 69801,6 liter/hari. Dari hasil uji laboratorium ada 3 parameter yang tidak memenuhi baku mutu yaitu BOD, COD dan TSS dengan nilai berturut – turut sebesar 470,8 mg/L, 1500 mg/L dan 266,5 mg/L serta baku mutu berturut – turut sebesar 30 mg/L, 50 mg/L dan 50 mg/L. Dari hasil perhitungan dibutuhkan pipa PVC Ø 2,5 inci atau Ø 0,076 m sebanyak 96 buah dengan panjang masing – masing 4m. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan, tahapan pengolahan yang diperlukan terdiri dari: bak penampungan, bak pengendapan awal, bak biofilter anaerobik, bak pengendapan akhir dan bak penampungan – klorinasi dengan volume efektif berturut – turut sebesar 24 m3, 15 m3, 32 m3, 15 m3 dan 72 m3. Setelah melewati proses – proses pengolahan tersebut, diperkirakan kualitas effluent limbah cair telah memenuhi baku mutu yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah dengan nilai BOD sebesar 8,5 mg/L, COD sebesar 27 mg/L dan TSS sebesar 1,2 mg/L yang didapatkan melalui hasil perhitungan. Total rencana anggaran biaya yang dibutuhkan adalah Rp.320.657.500,00.
English Abstract
Southern part of Engineering Faculty in Brawijaya University Malang consists of Mechanical Engineering Department, Electrical Engineering Department and Industrial Engineering Department which is the place of this studi. Until now at the study site, domestic wastewater in the form of black water is treated in a septic tank while gray water directly enters the drainage channel which can then be mixed with stormwater and directly into the receiving water body (river) without going through a treatment process first. This can cause pollution for water and the receiving environment. Therefore it is necessary to have an appropriate planning for sewerage and treatment of wastewater, which must be passed before it can finally be discharged. The purpose of this study is to determine the amount of wastewater discharges at the study site, to know the characteristics of wastewater at the study site, to know the specifications of the piping network needed at the study site, to know the specifications of the wastewater treatment plant needed at the study site, and to know the required budget plan. The initial step of this study is data collection in the form of: data on the number of water users (lecturers, staff, students) from each department, topographic data, and data on wastewater quality (pH, BOD5, COD, TSS, Oil & Grease). Sampling was carried out directly by researcher at the study site with the grab sampling method. These samples were analyzed at the Jasa Tirta 1 Laboratory. The next step is the analysis of wastewater discharge based on water requirements. Then determine the location of the wastewater treatment plant and the connectivity of the wastewater piping network based on topographic data. Then the design of the wastewater pipe and the required WWTP design are made. Then the water grade is determined and its suitability with the applicable quality standards for the planned processing effluent. The final step is to calculate the required budget plan. Based on calculations, the discharge of domestic wastewater at the study site is 69801,6 liters/day. From the results of laboratory tests, there are 3 parameters that do not meet the quality standards, namely BOD, COD and TSS with values of 470,8 mg/L, 1500 mg/L and 266,5 mg/L and quality standards of 30 mg/L, 50 mg/L and 50 mg/L respectively. From the calculation results, there are 96 Ø 2,5 inch pipes or Ø 0,076 m of 96 pieces with 4m length each. Based on the planning results, the required processing stages consist of: reservoir, primary sedimentation basin, anaerobic biofilter basin, secondary sedimentation basin and reservoir - chlorination basin with effective volumes of 24 m3, 15 m3, 32 m3, 15 m3 and 72 m3 respectively. After going through these processing processes, it is estimated that the effluent quality of the wastewater has met the quality standards set by the government with a BOD value of 8,5 mg/L, COD of 27 mg/L and TSS of 1,2 mg/L obtained through the calculation results. The total budget plan required is Rp.320,657,500.00.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2019/764/051907512 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | air limbah domestik, jaringan perpipaan, IPAL, biofilter anaerobik. domestic wastewater, piping network, WWTP, anaerobic biofilter |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 628 Sanitary engineering > 628.3 Sewage treatment and disposal |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Pengairan |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 29 Oct 2019 01:28 |
| Last Modified: | 29 Oct 2019 01:36 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172926 |
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