Irianti, Anggit Anis (2019) Pengaruh Macam Struktur Lapisan Filter dan Lapisan Drainase Roof Garden Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tanaman Kubis Bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis L.). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Meningkatnya pembangunan kota, pertambahan jumlah penduduk serta adanya berbagai aktivitas kota menyebabkan berkurangnya jumlah Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH) dan menurunnya kualitas lingkungan hidup sehingga mengakibatkan adanya perubahan ekosistem alami daerah perkotaan dan mengakibatkan efek Urban Heat Island (UHI). Kegiatan penghijauan yang dilakukan yaitu ke arah vertikal dengan menggunakan roof garden yang terdiri dari media tumbuh tanaman lapisan filter dan drainase. Tanaman yang dibudidayakan yaitu tanaman kubis bunga (Brassica oleracea var. botritys L.)varietas daerah dataran rendah hingga menengah. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah mengetahui pengaruh macam lapisan filter dan drainase dalam mendukung pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman kubis bunga. Hipotesis yang diajukan dalam penelitian ini ialah aplikasi berbagai macam lapisan filter layer dan drainase menghasilkan jumlah sedimen yang rendah serta mendukung pertumbuhan kubis bunga di roof garden. Penelitian dilaksanakan di roof garden lantai 7 Gedung Sentral Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Brawijaya, Kecamatan Lowokwaru, Kota Malang, yang terletak pada ketinggian 475 m dpl dengan tinggi bangunan 30 m. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April hingga Juli 2018. Alat yang digunakan ialah planter bag berukuran 25 liter, seed tray, rockwool, humidity meter, timbangan analitik, oven, dan penggaris. Bahan yang digunakan ialah benih kubis bunga varietas F1 Mona, rockwool, layer geotextile 1 dan 2, sabut kelapa, air, pecahan batu bata, batu kerikil, pasir dan larutan ab mix. Media tanam yang digunakan adalah pupuk kandang kambing, cocopeat dan arang sekam. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) dengan 9 perlakuan dan 3 kali pengulangan, sehingga diperoleh 27 satuan percobaan masing-masing 3 tanaman. Parameter pengamatan terdiri dari pengamatan non destruktuktif, destruktif dan media tanam. Pengamatan non destruktif terdiri dari tinggi tanaman (cm), jumlah daun, luas daun (cm2), inisiasi bunga, dan diameter krop bunga (cm). Pengamatan destruktif terdiri dari bobot segar total tanaman (g), bobot kering total tanaman (g), bobot segar total bunga (g), bobot kering total bunga (g), Indeks Panen (IP). Sedangkan parameter pengamatan media terdiri dari suhu media tanam (°C), suhu udara roof garden dan bawah roof garden (°C), kelembaban media, pH media, beban struktur media tanam, dan kejernihan serta jumlah sedimen. Data yang diperoleh dianilisis menggunakan analisis ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf 5% dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata terkecil (BNT) pada taraf 5%. Hasil pengamatan macam bahan filter layer dan drainase tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, waktu muncul bunga, berat segar tanaman, berat kering total tanaman, berat kering bagian atas, indeks panen, dan kelembaban media. Macam bahan filter layer dan drainase tidak menunjukkan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap pertumbuhan tinggi tanaman, waktu muncul bunga, berat segar tanaman, berat kering total tanaman, berat kering bagian atas, indeks panen, dan kelembaban media. Penggunaan filter layer geotextile 2 + pecahan batu bata mendapatkan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol yaitu penggunaan bahan filter sabut kelapa + batu kerikil dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan jumlah daun hingga 10.59%, diameter curd 8.39%, berat segar pada curd sebesar 42.27% dan menghasilkan sedimen yang rendah. Pada parameter indeks panen, nilai ekonomis tanaman hanya mencapai tertinggi dengan hasil 39% bagian tanaman yang dapat dikonsumsi. Namun, pada beberapa parameter pengamatan menunjukkan hasil yang berpengaruh tidak nyata, sehingga penggunaan perlakuan macam filter bahan layer geotextile 1 dan sabut kelapa serta bahan lapisan drainase batu kerikil dan pasir dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif pertimbangan pemilihan jenis lapisan filter dan lapisan drainase.
English Abstract
Increased urban development, population growth and the presence of various urban activities have caused a reduction in the number of green open spaces (RTH) and decreased environmental quality resulting in changes in the natural ecosystems of urban areas and resulted in the effects of Urban Heat Island (UHI). Greening activities are carried out in a vertical direction by using a roof garden consisting of growing media of filter and drainage layer plants. Cultivated plants, namely flower cabbage plants (Brassica oleracea var. Botritys L.) varieties of low to medium area. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of filter and drainage layers in supporting the growth and production of flower cabbage plants. The hypothesis proposed in this study is the application of various layers of filter layers and drainage to produce low amounts of sediment and support the growth of flower cabbage in the roof garden. The research was carried out on the roof garden on the 7th floor of the UB Building Central Building, Lowokwaru District, Malang City, which is located at an altitude of 475 m above sea level with a building height of 30 m. The research was conducted from April to July 2018. The tools used were planter bags measuring 25 liters, seed tray, rockwool, humidity meters, analytical scales, ovens, and rulers. The materials used are flower seeds of Mona F1 varieties, rockwool, geotextile layers 1 and 2, coconut fiber, water, brick fragments, gravel, sand and ab mix solution. The planting media used are goat manure, cocopeat and husk charcoal. This study used a Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 9 treatments and 3 repetitions, so that 27 experimental units were obtained for each of the 3 plants. The observation parameters consisted of non-destructive, destructive and planting media observations. Non-destructive observations consisted of plant height (cm), number of leaves, leaf area (cm2), flower initiation, and flower crop diameter (cm). Destructive observations consisted of fresh weight of total plants (g), total plant dry weight (g), total fresh weight of flowers (g), total dry weight of flowers (g), Harvest Index (IP). While the parameters of the media observation consisted of the temperature of the planting media (° C), roof garden air temperature and under the roof garden (° C), media humidity, media pH, load of planting media structure, and clarity and amount of sediment. Data obtained were analyzed using variance analysis (ANOVA) at the 5% level followed by the smallest Significant Difference test (LSD) at the 5% level. The results of observation of filter layer and drainage materials did not show a significant effect on plant growth, flower appearance, plant fresh weight, total plant dry weight, upper dry weight, harvest index, and media moisture. The use of a geotextile 2 + brick fragment filter gets better results compared to the control treatment, namely the use of coconut coir filter + gravel can increase the growth of leaves up to 110.58%, curd diameter 108.39%, fresh weight on curd at 170.06% and produce low sediment. In the harvest index parameters, the economic value of plants only reaches a value of 39% of all plant parts that can be consumed. However, on some observational parameters, the results that are not significant are evident, so the use of various types of filter material for geotextile 1 and coconut fiber as well as gravel and sand drainage materials can be used as an alternative consideration for choosing the type of filter layer and drainage layer.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/83/051906778 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 631 Specific techniques; apparatus, equipment materials > 631.6 Clearing, drainage, revegetation |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Aug 2020 07:30 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Aug 2020 07:30 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172890 |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |