Lubba, Kayyis Muayadah (2019) Karakterisasi Karakter Agronomi dan Seleksi Background Galur Padi BC3F1 Inpari 30 x Cabacu Menggunakan Marka SSR. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Salah satu varietas padi dengan potensi hasil yang tinggi dan disukai petani di Indonesia ialah Inpari 30. Varietas ini tidak adaptif pada kondisi perubahan iklim seperti ketersediaan air yang tidak menentu. Varietas padi yang berpotensi untuk dijadikan sebagai tetua donor untuk sifat toleransi cekaman kekeringan ialah Cabacu. Hal ini dipengaruhi keberadaan Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) terkait karakter toleransi cekaman kekeringan didalam genom Cabacu. Pemuliaan tanaman padi Inpari 30 dengan sifat toleransi cekaman kekeringan dapat dilakukan melalui pemuliaan silang balik pada populasi BC3F1 dengan metode Marker Assisted Backcrossing (MABC). Seleksi melalui metode ini, lebih efektif dibandingkan metode konvensional. Pada MABC terdapat seleksi background yang bertujuan mengetahui persentase pengembalian proporsi genom secara molekuler. Selain itu, dilakukan karakterisasi untuk mengetahui karakter agronomi BC3F1 yang mirip dengan Inpari 30 dan karakter akar mirip Cabacu. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada November 2018 sampai Februari 2019, berlokasi di Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler dan Rumah Kaca Balai Besar Penelitian dan Pengembangan Bioteknologi dan Sumberdaya Genetik Pertanian Bogor. Galur BC3F1 yang digunakan yaitu nomor A12.2; A12.5; A12.14; A12.21; A12.28; A12.37; B42.59; D2.6; D21.18; dan D21.19 yang telah terpilih seleksi foreground sebelumnya. Galur tersebut dikarakterisasi karakter agronominya setelah tanaman melewati fase generatif. Analisis data karakter dengan menggunakan SPSS dan Ms.excel dalam bentuk Dendogram dan Histogram. Selain itu, sampel diambil untuk diisolasi DNA dengan metode Doyle dan Doyle (1990), uji kualitatif agarosa 0,8% dan uji kuantitatif NanoDropTM 2000, amplifikasi DNA dengan PCR BioRad T100TM, analisis background menggunakan elektroforesis gel poliakrilamid 8%, pewarnaan menggunakan silver nitrat dan Etidium Bromida serta dokumentasi menggunakan kamera dan ChemidocTM EQ UV Transilluminator. Primer yang digunakan sebanyak 61 primer polimorfik Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) yang tersebar pada 12 kromosom padi sebanyak 4-6 primer pada setiap kromosom. Visualisasi genotipe dari skoring pita-pita DNA menggunakan Graphical GenoTypes (GGT) versi 2.0. Hasil karakterisasi karakter agronomi seperti tinggi tanaman, panjang malai, jumlah malai, jumlah gabah isi, jumlah gabah hampa, bobot 100 butir, dan bobot total butir, menunjukkan bahwa terdapat galur yang memiliki background karakter agronomi mirip dengan tetua Inpari 30 (QTL Sub1) dan memiliki karakter akar yang mirip dengan tetua donor Cabacu (QTL qRPF2.1) yaitu galur D21.18. Karakter-karakter tersebut sudah tergolong pada karakter tanaman padi ideal. Persentase pemulihan genom yang diperoleh berkisar 84,10% sampai 95,30%. Persentase pemulihan genom tertinggi terdapat pada galur BC3F1 ialah D21.18 yaitu sebesar 95,30%. Persentase tersebut telah sesuai dengan presentase pemulihan genom yang harus diperoleh pada populasi BC3F1. Oleh karena itu, individu D21.18 dapat dijadikan sebagai bahan seleksi selanjutnya.
English Abstract
One of the rice varieties with high yield potential and favored by farmers in Indonesia is Inpari 30. However, this variety is unadaptable in conditions of climate change in case of the water availability. The rice variety which has potential to be used as donor parent for drought stress tolerance is Cabacu. This is influenced by the existence of Quantitative Trait Loci (QTL) related to the character of drought stress tolerance in the Cabacu genome. The breeding of Inpari 30 rice with drought stress tolerance trait can be done through backcross breeding in the BC3F1 population with the Assisted Backcrossing Marker (MABC) method. Selection through this method is more effective than conventional method. In MABC there is a background selection to find out the percentage return of molecular genomic proportion. In addition, characterization is needed to find out the agronomic characters of BC3F1 which are similar to Inpari 30 and also the similarity of root characters to Cabacu. The research was conducted in November 2018 until February 2019, located at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Greenhouses, Indonesia Center for Agricultural Biotechnology and Genetic Resources Reserch and Development, Bogor. The population of BC3F1 used are number A12.2; A12.5; A12.14; A12.21; A12.28; A12.37; B42.59; D2.6; D21.18; and D21.19 that had been selected in foreground selection. The lines were characterized by its agronomic characters after the plant had passed the generative phase. Character datas were analysed using SPSS and Ms.excel in the form of Dendograms and Histograms. Samples were taken to isolate DNA with Doyle and Doyle (1990) method, 0.8% agarose qualitative test and quantitative NanoDropTM 2000 test, DNA amplification with BioRad T100TM Thermal Cycler PCR, background analysis using 8% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, silver nitrate and Etidium Bromide stainning and documentation using camera and ChemidocTM EQ UV Transilluminator. The primers which used were 61 polymorphic Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers scattered on 12 rice chromosomes as many as 4-6 primers on each chromosome. Genotype visualization of scoring DNA using Graphical GenoTypes (GGT) ver. 2.0. Results of agronomic character characterization such as plant height, panicle length, panicle number, number of filled grains, number of empty grains, weight of 100 grains, and total grain weight, indicate that there are lines that have a background agronomic characters which are similar to Inpari 30 recurrent parent and have root characters similar to the Cabacu donor parent (have QTL qRPF2.1) is D21.18. These characters are classified into the ideal character of rice plants. The percentage of genome recovery obtained ranged from 84.10% to 95.30%. The highest percentage of genome recovery in the BC3F1 line is D21.18 at 95.30%. This percentage is in accordance with the percentage of genome recovery that must be obtained in the population of BC3F1. Therefore, individual D21.18 can be used as the next selection material.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FP/2019/37/051906794 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.1 Cereals > 633.18 Rice |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Pertanian > Budidaya Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 06:57 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 06:57 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172755 |
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