Safira, Aulia Beta and Saputri, Yovita Ayuningtyas Dwi (2019) Penyisihan Logam Cr(VI) Menggunakan Biochar Tempurung Kelapa. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Tempurung kelapa merupakan salah satu limbah yang belum dimanfaatkan secara maksimal. Nilai guna dan fungsi dari tempurung kelapa sesungguhnya dapat ditingkatkan, salah satunya digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan biochar karena mengandung banyak karbon yang berasal dari selulosa, hemiselulosa dan lignin. Biochar umumnya digunakan sebagai adsorben untuk mengurangi kandungan kontaminan yang terdapat pada limbah cair, salah satunya adalah Cr(VI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik biochar berbahan dasar tempurung kelapa berdasarkan SNI No. 06-3730-1995 serta kemampuannya dalam menyisihkan logam Cr(VI) pada limbah cair artifisial. Biochar pada penelitian ini didapatkan melalui proses karbonisasi pada suhu 6000C di dalam reaktor fixed bed dengan mengalirkan gas N2 dengan aliran konstan selama 2 jam. Proses adsorpsi logam Cr(VI) dilakukan secara batch selama 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 dan 120 menit dengan variasi konsentrasi awal logam Cr(VI) (60; 70; 80; 90 dan 100 ppm) dan massa adsorben (0,5; 1; 1,5 dan 2 gram). Biochar tempurung kelapa dikarakterisasi melalui uji BET, FTIR, XRF, serta kadar air, kadar abu, kadar zat yang mudah menguap dan kandungan karbon murni. Proses karbonisasi menghasilkan biochar dengan luas permukaan 114,326 m2/g dan yield karbonisasi rata-rata sebesar 27,37%. Hasil uji karakterisasi biochar berdasarkan SNI No. 06-3730-1995 pada penelitian ini sudah memenuhi beberapa parameter syarat mutu karbon aktif yang telah ditetapkan SNI, antara lain kadar air (7%), kadar abu (3,33%), kadar zat yang mudah menguap (19%) dan kandungan karbon murni (77,67%). Berdasarkan penilitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jumlah adsorben dan konsentrasi awal adsorbat yang digunakan mempengaruhi kemampuan adsorben dalam menyisihkan kontaminan yang terdapat dalam adsorbat. Semakin banyak massa adsorben maka penyisihan logam Cr(VI) semakin meningkat, sedangkan semakin meningkat konsentrasi awal logam Cr(VI) maka penyisihan logam Cr(VI) semakin menurun. Penyisihan optimum yang dihasilkan pada proses adsorpsi logam Cr(VI) pada pH 2 sebesar 99,89% didapatkan dengan menggunakan adsorben biochar tempurung kelapa sejumlah 2 gram dalam 30 ml larutan Cr(VI) konsentrasi 60 ppm dengan waktu kontak terbaik selama 45 menit.
English Abstract
Coconut shell is one of the wasted product from coconuts which is rarely used in daily life. The value and function of the coconut shell can actually be increased, which is used as a raw material for making biochar because it contains a lot of carbon which is derived from cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Biochar is generally used as an adsorbent to reduce the content of contaminants found in waste water, which one of them is Cr (VI). The objective of study is determine the characteristics of coconut shell biochar based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 and its ability to remove metal Cr (VI) in artificial liquid waste. Biochar in this study was produced through a carbonization process at 6000C in a fixed bed reactor by flowing N2 gas with a constant flow for 2 hours. The adsorption process of Cr (VI) metals was carried out in batches for 15, 30, 45, 60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 minutes with variations in the initial concentrations of Cr (VI) (60; 70; 80; 90 and 100 ppm) and adsorbent masses (0.5; 1; 1.5 and 2 gram). Coconut shell biochar is characterized by BET, FTIR, XRF, water content, ash content, volatile substances and pure carbon content test. The carbonization process produced biochar with a surface area of 114.326 m2/g and an average carbonization yield of 27.37%. The results of the biochar characterization test based on SNI No. 06-3730-1995 in this study has fulfilled several parameters of the quality requirements for activated carbon that have been determined by SNI, including water content (7%), ash content (3.33%), volatile substances (19%) and pure carbon content (77.67%). Based on this research shows that the number of adsorbents and initial concentrations of the adsorbate which is used can affect the ability of the adsorbent to remove Cr (VI) metals. The more mass of adsorbent is used, the removal of Cr (VI) metals increases, while the higher the initial concentration of Cr (VI) metals, the removal of Cr (VI) metals decreases. The optimum removal produced in the adsorption of Cr (VI) metals at pH 2 was 99.89% which was obtained using an adsorbent of 2 gram coconut shell biochar in 30 ml of Cr (VI) solution with a concentration of 60 ppm and the best contact time for 45 minutes.
Other obstract
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| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FT/2019/380/051904976 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | adsorpsi, biochar, logam Cr(VI), tempurung kelapa, adsorption, biochar, Cr(VI) metals, coconut shell |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 628 Sanitary engineering > 628.4 Waste technology, public toilets, street cleaning > 628.44 Solid wastes (Refuse) > 628.445 Treatment and disposal > 628.445 8 Conversion into useful products |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknik > Teknik Kimia |
| Depositing User: | Budi Wahyono Wahyono |
| Date Deposited: | 24 Aug 2020 06:56 |
| Last Modified: | 24 Aug 2020 06:56 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/172602 |
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