Muthoharoh, Dian Ayu Nurul (2019) Urgensi Perlindungan Hukum Hak Cipta Terhadap Benda Ikonik (Iconic Inanimate Object) Dalam Karya Sinematografi Film Di Indonesia. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Film animasi kian berkembang di Indonesia. Film animasi sarat akan benda-benda fiksi yang unik dan digemari oleh masyarakat karena keistimewaan bentuk atau tampilannya. Karena keistimewaan tersebut, benda-benda fiksi yang selanjutnya disebut sebagai benda ikonik menjadi popular dan dibuat dalam bentuk merchandise untuk diperjualbelikan. Namun, perlindungan hak cipta belum dapat diberikan terhadap benda ikonik secara independen terpisah dari karya asalnya (film). Perlindungan hak cipta terhadap benda ikonik menjadi penting mengingat benda ikonik berpotensi untuk dikomersialisasikan. Komersialisasi yang dimaksud dalam hal ini adalah terkait hak merchandising. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut di atas, maka permasalahan hukum yang dikemukakan dalam penelitian ini adalah apakah benda ikonik dalam karya sinematografi film dapat dilindungi hak cipta secara independen terpisah dari karya asalnya dan bagaimana urgensi perlindungan hukum terhadap benda ikonik dalam karya sinematografi film di Indonesia. Untuk menjawab permasalahan di atas, penelitian hukum normatif ini menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan kasus, dan pendekatan komparatif dengan negara Amerika. Bahan hukum yang berhubungan dengan masalah yang diteliti diperoleh melalui penelusuran kepustakaan dan penelusuran dari internet dengan mengakses situssitus yang kredibel dan terverifikasi kebenarannya. Bahan-bahan hukum yang telah diperoleh dianalisis denngan menggunakan metode interpretasi gramatikal dan interpretasi sistematis guna menjawab isu hukum yang telah dirumuskan. Berdasarkan pembahasan, maka dapat disimpulkan: 1) Benda ikonik,menurut doktrin yang terdapat dalam yurisprudensi Amerika Serikat dapat dilindungi oleh hak cipta secara independen terpisah dari karya asalnya apabila memenuhi tiga kriteria, yakni: Physical as well as conceptual qualities, Sufficiently delineated, dan Especially distinctive and contain some unique elements of expression. Di Indonesia, benda ikonik juga memenuhi syarat untuk dapat disebut sebagai ciptaan menurut Pasal 1 Angka 3 UUHC, walaupun Pasal 40 UUHC tidak menyebutkan secara rigid bahwa benda ikonik merupakan salah satu jenis ciptaan yang dilindungi oleh undang-undang. 2) Urgensi perlindungan hukum hak cipta terhadap benda ikonik yang terdapat dalam karya sinematografi film di Indonesia dilatarbelakangi oleh dua aspek: Aspek moral yakni untuk memberikan penghargaan bagi pencipta dan aspek ekonomi yakni film animasi semakin berkembang di Indonesia. Film animasi berpotensi utuk melahirkan benda ikonik yang memiliki aspek legal yang kompleks apabila dikomersialisasikan dalam kaitannya dengan merchandising right.
English Abstract
Animation films are increasingly developing in Indonesia. Animation films are full of fictional objects that are unique and favored by society because of their distinctive shape or appearance. Because of this privilege, fictional objects, furthermore referred to as iconic inanimate objects, became popular and were made in the form of merchandise for sale. However, copyright protection cannot be given to iconic inanimate objects independently separated from their original work (film). Protection of copyright against iconic objects is important considering the iconic inanimate objects potential to be commercialized. The commercialization referred to, in this case is related to merchandising rights. Based on the background above, the legal problem raised in this study is whether the iconic inanimate objects film can be independently protected separated from their original work and how the urgency of the legal protection of iconic inanimate objects in film in Indonesia. To answer the problems above, this normative legal research uses a legislative approach, a conceptual approach, a case approach, and a comparative approach with the United States. Legal materials related to the problem or law issues in this research are obtained through library research and searches from the internet by accessing credible and verified sites. Legal materials that have been obtained are analyzed using the method of grammatical interpretation and systematic interpretation to answer legal issues that have been formulated. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded: 1) Iconic inanimate objects, according to the doctrine contained in US jurisprudence can be protected by copyright independently separated from their original work if they fulfill three criterias, namely: Physical as well as conceptual qualities, Sufficiently delineated, and Especially distinctive and contain some unique elements of expression. In Indonesia, iconic inanimate objects also fulfill the requirements to be referred to as “work” according to Article 1 Number 3 of the UUHC, although Article 40 UUHC does not rigidly state that iconic inanimate objects are one type of work protected by copyright law. 2) The urgency of copyright legal protection against iconic inanimate objects contained in film in Indonesia is motivated by two aspects: The moral aspect is to give appreciation to the creator and the economic aspects of animation film are increasingly developing in Indonesia. Animated films have the potential to produce iconic inanimate objects that have complex legal aspects when commercialized in relation to merchandising right.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FH/2019/195/051902886 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | - |
| Subjects: | 300 Social sciences > 346 Private law > 346.04 Property > 346.048 Intangible property > 346.048 2 Copyright |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Hukum > Ilmu Hukum |
| Depositing User: | soegeng sugeng |
| Date Deposited: | 11 Jun 2020 15:51 |
| Last Modified: | 25 Sep 2020 15:32 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/169111 |
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