Fatmala, Yayank Ulfa (2018) Optimasi Kecepatan Putar Dan Lama Waktu Sentrifugasi Pada Proses Penjernihan Nira Sorghum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Menggunakan Response Surface Methodology (Rsm). Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara agraris baik dibidang pertanian maupun perkebunan. Komoditas perkebunan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai sumber bahan pangan, pakan, maupun bioetanol adalah tanaman sorgum. Batang sorgum memiliki kandungan gula sebesar 8-20% sehingga berpotensi untuk dikembangkan sebagai bahan pemanis seperti gula cair. Proses pembuatan gula cair yang akan mempengaruhi kualitas dari nira adalah proses penjernihan, karena setelah batang sorgum setelah digiling masih terdapat komponen bukan gula, seperti zat-zat pengotor baik tanah, ampas halus maupun koloid berupa organik inorganik non sukrosa. Proses penjernihan dapat dilakukan seacara kimiawi maupun fisik. Tetapi penggunaan senyawa kimia yang berlebihan akan berdampak pada penurunan kualitas dari nira itu sendiri. Berdasarkan uraian tersebut, maka dilakukan proses penjernihan secara fisik menggunakan Centrifuge untuk meminimalisir kerusakan pada nira dan membuat proses penjernihan lebih efisien. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Response Surface Methodology (RSM) dan rancangan Central Composite Design (CCD) menggunakan Software Design Expert 7.1.5 dengan Faktor I Kecepatan Putar dan Faktor II Lama Waktu Sentrifugasi sehingga diperoleh 13 kombinasi perlakuan. Respon utama yang dianalisis adalah Total Soluble Solid dan Turbiditas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, diperoleh faktor yang optimum terhadap respon yaitu kecepatan putar 500 RPM dan lama waktu 53,49 menit. Respon yang dihasilkan yaitu nilai turbiditas sebesar 2,016 NTU dan nilai total soluble solid 17,933 0Brix. Selain itu dilakukan proses karakterisasi seperti nilai pH, densitas, warna, sukrosa dan gula total. Apabila nira sorghum setelah ditambahkan zeolit dibandingkan dengan nira sorghum pada titik optimum, maka nilai pH, nilai warna sumbu *b, turbiditas, total soluble solid, sukrosa, terbukti memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan sedangkan nilai gula total, densitas dan warna sumbu *L dan *a tidak memiliki perbedaan yang signifikan.
English Abstract
Indonesia is one of the agrarian countries both in agriculture and plantation. Plalntation commodities that can be utilized as a source of food, feed, and bioetanol is a sorghum plant. Sorghum stems have a sugar content of 8-20% so it has the potential to be developed as a sweetener such as liquid sugar. The process of making liquid sugar which will affect the quality of the juice is the process of purification, because after the milling of sorghum stem there is still non-sugar components, such as soil impurities, fine as well as colloids in the form of non-sucrose inorganic organic. The process of purifying can be done both chemically and physically. But, the use of excessive chemical compounds will have an impact on the quality decline of the nira itself. Based on the description, then the physical purification process using Centrifuge to minimize damage to the juice and make the process of purification more efficient. The research was conducted by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) method and Central Composite Design (CCD) design using Software Design Expert 7.1.5. Factors that will affect the response include two factors, namely Factor I Speed Rotation and Factor II Long Time Centrifugation so that obtained 13 treatment combinations. The main responses analyzed were Total Soluble Solid and Turbidity with other supporting responses such as Color, Density and pH. Based on this research, obtained the most appropriate factors that is the rotational speed of 500 rpm and the length of time 53,49 minutes. The result response is turbidity value of 2,016 NTU and total soluble solid value of 17,933 0Brix. When nira sorghum after added zeolite was compared with the nira sorghum at the optimum point, the pH, the color of *b, the turbidity, total soluble solid, sucrose, proved to be a significant difference whereas the total sugar, density and color values of *L and *a have no significant differences.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2018/127/051803686 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Centrifuge, Gula cair, Kecepatan Putar, Lama Waktu Nira /Centrifuge, Liquid Sugar, Rotational Speed, Duration of Time Nira Sorghum, Purifying, Response Surface Methodology |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop > 633.68 Starch crops / Taro > 633.682 Cassava (Manioc) |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 22 Oct 2019 02:45 |
| Last Modified: | 22 Oct 2019 02:45 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/165566 |
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