Rahman, Mahdi Harish (2018) Pengaruh Konsentrasi Zeolit Dan Suhu Pre-Heating Dalam Proses Penjernihan Nira Sorgum (Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench) Sebagai Bahan Baku Pembuatan Gula Cair. Sarjana thesis, Universitas Brawijaya.
Abstract
Nira sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) dapat digunakan sebagai alternatif bahan pembuatan gula cair untuk memenuhi kebutuhan gula di Indonesia. Salah satu masalah dari proses pembuatan gula cair ini diantaranya adalah proses dari penjernihan nira sorgum. Penjernihan nira meliputi proses pemanasan nira dengan suhu tinggi untuk memisahkan kotoran yang terdapat di nira, dan menggunakan adsorben seperti zeolit yang memiliki kemampuan penjernihan yang baik tanpa mengubah kandungan penting di dalamnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari penggunaan zeolit serta pengaruh suhu preheating yang tepat dalam proses penjernihan nira sorgum, dan mengetahui konsentrasi zeolit dan suhu preheating terbaik yang bisa digunakan untuk menjernihkan nira sorgum. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK), dengan faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi zeolit yang digunakan dengan tiga level (1,5%, 3%, 4,5%), dan faktor kedua adalah suhu preheating (60C, 75C, 90C), sehingga didapatkan 9 kombinasi perlakuan, dan kemudian dilakukan tiga kali pengulangan, sehingga didapatkan 27 satuan percobaan. Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan aplikasi Minitab 16 untuk menghitung Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) dan dilakukan uji lanjut Tukey dengan selang kepercayaan 95%. Hasil perlakuan terbaik diperoleh dengan metode Zeleny. Interaksi kedua faktor perlakuan didapat pada parameter kadar pati dan turbiditas. Untuk perlakuan suhu preheating memberikan pengaruh nyata ( = 0,05) terhadap parameter kadar protein, kadar abu, nilai pH total padatan terlarut, densitas, kecerahan (L*), kemerahan (a*), dan kekuningan (b*). Sedangkan untuk perlakuan penambahan zeolit memberikan pengaruh nyata ( = 0,05) terhadap parameter kadar protein, kadar abu, total padatan terlarut, densitas, kecerahan (L*), kemerahan (a*), dan kekuningan (b*). Perlakuan terbaik didapat pada perlakuan konsentrasi zeolit 4,5% dan suhu preheating 90C berdasarkan pada parameter fisik dan kimia. Karakteristik penjernihan nira terbaik adalah turbiditas (NTU) 9,14 ± 0,21; total padatan terlarut (brix) 21,20 ± 0,40; densitas (gr/ml) 1,0708 ± 0,0026; kecerahan (L*) 46,239 ± 1,16; kemerahan (a*) -0,694 ± 0,22; kekuningan (b*) 25,91 ± 0,48; nilai pH 5 ± 0,1; kadar pati (%) 0,754 ± 0,041; kadar protein (%) 0,13 ± 0,007; dan kadar abu (%) 1,198 ± 0.0028.
English Abstract
Sorghum juice (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) can be used as an alternative ingredient in making liquid sugar to accomodate the needs of sugar in Indonesia. One of the problems in the process of making liquid sugar is the sorghum juice purification. Purification of juice includes the process of heating the juice with high temperature to separate impurities contained in juice, and using adsorbents such as zeolite which has good purification ability without changing the important content in it. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of zeolite use and the effect of proper preheating temperature in the process of clarifying sorghum juice, and knowing the concentration of zeolite and the best preheating temperature that can be used to purify sorghum juice. This study used Randomized Block Design (RAK) method, with the first factor being zeolite concentration used with three levels (1.5%, 3%, 4.5%), and the second factor was preheating temperature with three levels (60C, 75C, 90C), so that 9 treatment combinations were obtained, and then three repetitions were performed, so 27 test units were obtained. The results were analyzed using Minitab 16 application to calculate the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's continued test with 95% confidence interval. The best treatment result was obtained by Zeleny method. The interaction of the two treatment factors was obtained on the parameters of starch content and turbidity. For preheating temperature treatment gave significant effect ( = 0,05) to parameter of protein content, ash content, pH, total dissolved solid, density, brightness (L *), redness (a *), and yellowish (b *). While for the concentration of zeolite treatment gave significant effect ( = 0,05) to parameter of protein content, ash content, total dissolved solid, density, brightness (L *), redness (a *), and yellowish (b *). The best treatment was obtained at 4.5% zeolite treatment and 90C preheating temperature based on physical and chemical parameters. The best characteristic of clarity is turbidity (NTU) 9,14 ± 0,21; total dissolved solids (brix) 21.20 ± 0.40; density (gr/ml) 1.0708 ± 0.0026; brightness (L *) 46.239 ± 1.16; redness (a *) -0.694 ± 0.22; yellowness (b *) 25.91 ± 0.48; pH value of 5 ± 0.1; starch content (%) 0.754 ± 0.041; protein content (%) 0.13 ± 0.007; and ash content (%) 1,198 ± 0.0028.
| Item Type: | Thesis (Sarjana) |
|---|---|
| Identification Number: | SKR/FTP/2017/747/051900746 |
| Uncontrolled Keywords: | Nira sorgum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench), penjernihan, suhu preheating, konsentrasi zeolit,/ Clarification, preheating, sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) juice, sugar processing, zeolite |
| Subjects: | 600 Technology (Applied sciences) > 633 Field and plantation crops > 633.6 Sugar, syrup, starch crop |
| Divisions: | Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian > Teknologi Hasil Pertanian |
| Depositing User: | Endang Susworini |
| Date Deposited: | 30 Sep 2019 07:24 |
| Last Modified: | 06 Jul 2022 04:48 |
| URI: | http://repository.ub.ac.id/id/eprint/165049 |
![[thumbnail of Mahdi Harish Rahman.pdf]](http://repository.ub.ac.id/style/images/fileicons/text.png) |
Text
Mahdi Harish Rahman.pdf Download (3MB) |
Actions (login required)
 |
View Item |